AC-HPAT CHEMISTRY EXAM QUESTIONS AN
ANSWERS
double-displacement creaction c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔A cdouble cdisplacement creaction, calso cknow
creaction cor cmetathesis, cis ca ctype cof cchemical creaction cwhere ctwo ccompounds creact, cand cthe
cnegative cions c(anion) cof cthe ctwo creactants cswitch cplaces, cforming ctwo cnew ccompounds cor cpr
Precipitate c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔precipitate cis can cinsoluble csolid cthat cemerges cfrom ca cliquid cs
cthe cinsoluble csolid cfrom csolution cis ccalled cprecipitation. cOften cthe cprecipitate cemerges cas ca cs
cform cwhen ctwo csoluble csalts creact cin csolution cto cform cone cor cmore cinsoluble cproducts.
Energy cLevels c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Energy clevels c(also ccalled celectron cshells) care cfixed cdista
catom cwhere celectrons cmay cbe cfound. cAs cyou cgo cfarther cfrom cthe cnucleus, celectrons cat chigh
cenergy. cElectrons cin cthe coutermost cenergy clevel cof can catom care ccalled cvalence celectrons
Marquis cTest c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔The cMarquis cTest cis ccommonly cused cfor cEcstasy ctesting ca
cpurple cblack. cCobalt cthiocyanate cis cused cto ctest cfor ccocaine. cThe cCobalt cis cmixed cwith cthe cq
cdrowned cin chydrochloric cacid, cdoused cin cchloroform, cand cshaken.
What cis cthe crelation cbetween can catomic cnumber cand ca cmass cnumber? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔
cnumber cof cprotons cin can catom cwhile cmass cnumber cis cthe cnumber cof cnucleons ci. ce, cnumber
cof cneutrons.
Isotopes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Isotopes crefer cto cthe cnuclides cof ca ccertain celement cthat chave c
cor cin cother cwords, catomic cnuclei cthat chave cthe csame cnumber cof cprotons cbut cdifferent cnumbe
cis can cisotope cthat cis cunstable cand ctherefore cundergoes cradioactive cdecay cor cwill cat csome cpo
Chemical cSynthesis c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Chemical csynthesis, cthe cconstruction cof ccomplex cch
csimpler cones. cIt cis cthe cprocess cby cwhich cmany csubstances cimportant cto cdaily clife care cobtain
cof cchemical ccompounds, cbut cmost csyntheses care cof corganic cmolecules.
Decomposition c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔A cdecomposition creaction cis ca ctype cof cchemical creaction
cbreaks cdown cinto ctwo cor cmore celements cor cnew ccompounds. cThese creactions coften cinvolve c
cheat, clight, cor celectricity cthat cbreaks capart cthe cbonds cof ccompounds
single-displacement creaction c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔A csingle-displacement creaction, calso cknown
creaction, cis ca ctype cof cchemical creaction cwhere can celement creacts cwith ca ccompound cand ctak
celement cin cthat ccompound. cThis ctype cof creaction cis ctypically cpictured clike cthis: cHere, cA crepla
, Covalent cbonds c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Covalent cbonds care cchemical cbonds cbetween ctwo cnon-m
cwater, cwhere chydrogen c(H) cand coxygen c(O) cbond ctogether cto cmake c(H2O). cA cfull couter cshel
cor ctwo cin cthe ccase cof chydrogen cor chelium. c... cCovalent cbonds care cformed cby catoms csharing
Functional cGroup c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔The cfunctional cgroup cis cdefined cas can catom cor cgroup
cmanner, cwhich cgives cthe cchemical cproperties cof cthe corganic ccompound cand care cthe ccenters
cCompounds chaving ca csimilar cfunctional cgroup chave cundergone csimilar creactions.
unique ccharacteristics cof cthe ccarbon catom cin cterms cof ccovalent cbonding c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔
cidentical, cthey call chave cfour cvalence celectrons, cso cthey ccan ceasily cbond cwith cother ccarbon ca
crings. cIn cfact, ca ccarbon catom ccan cbond cwith canother ccarbon catom ctwo cor cthree ctimes cto cma
cbonds cbetween ctwo ccarbon catoms.
Alkenes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Alkenes care ca cclass cof chydrocarbons c(e.g, ccontaining conly ccarb
ccompounds cwith cat cleast cone ccarbon-to-carbon cdouble cbond. cAnother cterm cused cto cdescribe
care cmore creactive cthan calkanes cdue cto cthe cpresence cof cthe cdouble cbond
Alkane c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔an calkane, cor cparaffin c(a chistorical cname cthat calso chas cother cme
csaturated chydrocarbon. cIn cother cwords, can calkane cconsists cof chydrogen cand ccarbon catoms ca
cwhich call cthe ccarbon-carbon cbonds care csingle.
Alkyne c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔An calkyne cis ca cmolecule cthat chas ca ctriple cbond cbetween ctwo cca
cgeneral cformula cCnH2n-2. cThey care calso ccalled cacetylenes. cThe csmallest calkyne cis cacetylene
care chydrophobic: cthis cmeans cthey cdissolve cwell cin corganic csolvents cbut cnot cin cwater.
Alcohol c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔alcohol cis can corganic ccompound cthat ccarries cat cleast cone chydro
cbound cto ca csaturated ccarbon catom. c... cAn cimportant cclass cof calcohols, cof cwhich cmethanol can
cmembers, cincludes call ccompounds cfor cwhich cthe cgeneral cformula cis cCnH2n+1OH.
Aldehyde c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔aldehyde cis ca ccompound ccontaining ca cfunctional cgroup cwith cth
cof ca ccarbonyl ccenter c(a ccarbon cdouble-bonded cto coxygen) cwith cthe ccarbon catom calso cbonde
cgroup, cwhich cis cany cgeneric calkyl cor cside cchain.
Ketone c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔a cketone cis ca cfunctional cgroup cwith cthe cstructure cRC(=O)R', cwh
cvariety cof ccarbon-containing csubstituents. cKetones ccontain ca ccarbonyl cgroup c(a ccarbon-oxyge
carboxylic cacid c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔carboxylic cacid cis can corganic ccompound cthat ccontains ca
cThe cgeneral cformula cof ca ccarboxylic cacid cis cR-COOH, cwith cR creferring cto cthe calkyl cgroup. cC
cImportant cexamples cinclude cthe camino cacids cand cacetic cacid.
Ester c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔an cester cis ca cchemical ccompound cderived cfrom can cacid c(organic c
cone c-OH c(hydroxyl) cgroup cis creplaced cby can c-O-alkyl c(alkoxy) cgroup. cUsually, cesters care cder
cand can calcohol.
Amines c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Amines care cformally cderivatives cof cammonia, cwherein cone cor cm
cbeen creplaced cby ca csubstituent csuch cas can calkyl cor caryl cgroup c(these cmay crespectively cbe cc
carylamines; camines cin cwhich cboth ctypes cof csubstituent care cattached cto cone cnitrogen catom cm
Physical cProperties cof cOxygen: cLiquid cOxygen: c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Oxygen cbubbles crise cthr
cOxygen cis cmore csoluble cin cwater cthan cnitrogen cis; cwater ccontains capproximately cone cmolecu
cmolecules cof cN2, ccompared cto can catmospheric cratio cof capproximately cone cto cfour.
Nitrogen c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Nitrogen cis ca cchemical celement cwith csymbol cN cand catomic cnum
ca ccolorless, codorless, ctasteless, cand cmostly cinert cdiatomic cgas cat cstandard cconditions, cconsti
ANSWERS
double-displacement creaction c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔A cdouble cdisplacement creaction, calso cknow
creaction cor cmetathesis, cis ca ctype cof cchemical creaction cwhere ctwo ccompounds creact, cand cthe
cnegative cions c(anion) cof cthe ctwo creactants cswitch cplaces, cforming ctwo cnew ccompounds cor cpr
Precipitate c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔precipitate cis can cinsoluble csolid cthat cemerges cfrom ca cliquid cs
cthe cinsoluble csolid cfrom csolution cis ccalled cprecipitation. cOften cthe cprecipitate cemerges cas ca cs
cform cwhen ctwo csoluble csalts creact cin csolution cto cform cone cor cmore cinsoluble cproducts.
Energy cLevels c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Energy clevels c(also ccalled celectron cshells) care cfixed cdista
catom cwhere celectrons cmay cbe cfound. cAs cyou cgo cfarther cfrom cthe cnucleus, celectrons cat chigh
cenergy. cElectrons cin cthe coutermost cenergy clevel cof can catom care ccalled cvalence celectrons
Marquis cTest c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔The cMarquis cTest cis ccommonly cused cfor cEcstasy ctesting ca
cpurple cblack. cCobalt cthiocyanate cis cused cto ctest cfor ccocaine. cThe cCobalt cis cmixed cwith cthe cq
cdrowned cin chydrochloric cacid, cdoused cin cchloroform, cand cshaken.
What cis cthe crelation cbetween can catomic cnumber cand ca cmass cnumber? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔
cnumber cof cprotons cin can catom cwhile cmass cnumber cis cthe cnumber cof cnucleons ci. ce, cnumber
cof cneutrons.
Isotopes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Isotopes crefer cto cthe cnuclides cof ca ccertain celement cthat chave c
cor cin cother cwords, catomic cnuclei cthat chave cthe csame cnumber cof cprotons cbut cdifferent cnumbe
cis can cisotope cthat cis cunstable cand ctherefore cundergoes cradioactive cdecay cor cwill cat csome cpo
Chemical cSynthesis c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Chemical csynthesis, cthe cconstruction cof ccomplex cch
csimpler cones. cIt cis cthe cprocess cby cwhich cmany csubstances cimportant cto cdaily clife care cobtain
cof cchemical ccompounds, cbut cmost csyntheses care cof corganic cmolecules.
Decomposition c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔A cdecomposition creaction cis ca ctype cof cchemical creaction
cbreaks cdown cinto ctwo cor cmore celements cor cnew ccompounds. cThese creactions coften cinvolve c
cheat, clight, cor celectricity cthat cbreaks capart cthe cbonds cof ccompounds
single-displacement creaction c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔A csingle-displacement creaction, calso cknown
creaction, cis ca ctype cof cchemical creaction cwhere can celement creacts cwith ca ccompound cand ctak
celement cin cthat ccompound. cThis ctype cof creaction cis ctypically cpictured clike cthis: cHere, cA crepla
, Covalent cbonds c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Covalent cbonds care cchemical cbonds cbetween ctwo cnon-m
cwater, cwhere chydrogen c(H) cand coxygen c(O) cbond ctogether cto cmake c(H2O). cA cfull couter cshel
cor ctwo cin cthe ccase cof chydrogen cor chelium. c... cCovalent cbonds care cformed cby catoms csharing
Functional cGroup c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔The cfunctional cgroup cis cdefined cas can catom cor cgroup
cmanner, cwhich cgives cthe cchemical cproperties cof cthe corganic ccompound cand care cthe ccenters
cCompounds chaving ca csimilar cfunctional cgroup chave cundergone csimilar creactions.
unique ccharacteristics cof cthe ccarbon catom cin cterms cof ccovalent cbonding c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔
cidentical, cthey call chave cfour cvalence celectrons, cso cthey ccan ceasily cbond cwith cother ccarbon ca
crings. cIn cfact, ca ccarbon catom ccan cbond cwith canother ccarbon catom ctwo cor cthree ctimes cto cma
cbonds cbetween ctwo ccarbon catoms.
Alkenes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Alkenes care ca cclass cof chydrocarbons c(e.g, ccontaining conly ccarb
ccompounds cwith cat cleast cone ccarbon-to-carbon cdouble cbond. cAnother cterm cused cto cdescribe
care cmore creactive cthan calkanes cdue cto cthe cpresence cof cthe cdouble cbond
Alkane c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔an calkane, cor cparaffin c(a chistorical cname cthat calso chas cother cme
csaturated chydrocarbon. cIn cother cwords, can calkane cconsists cof chydrogen cand ccarbon catoms ca
cwhich call cthe ccarbon-carbon cbonds care csingle.
Alkyne c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔An calkyne cis ca cmolecule cthat chas ca ctriple cbond cbetween ctwo cca
cgeneral cformula cCnH2n-2. cThey care calso ccalled cacetylenes. cThe csmallest calkyne cis cacetylene
care chydrophobic: cthis cmeans cthey cdissolve cwell cin corganic csolvents cbut cnot cin cwater.
Alcohol c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔alcohol cis can corganic ccompound cthat ccarries cat cleast cone chydro
cbound cto ca csaturated ccarbon catom. c... cAn cimportant cclass cof calcohols, cof cwhich cmethanol can
cmembers, cincludes call ccompounds cfor cwhich cthe cgeneral cformula cis cCnH2n+1OH.
Aldehyde c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔aldehyde cis ca ccompound ccontaining ca cfunctional cgroup cwith cth
cof ca ccarbonyl ccenter c(a ccarbon cdouble-bonded cto coxygen) cwith cthe ccarbon catom calso cbonde
cgroup, cwhich cis cany cgeneric calkyl cor cside cchain.
Ketone c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔a cketone cis ca cfunctional cgroup cwith cthe cstructure cRC(=O)R', cwh
cvariety cof ccarbon-containing csubstituents. cKetones ccontain ca ccarbonyl cgroup c(a ccarbon-oxyge
carboxylic cacid c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔carboxylic cacid cis can corganic ccompound cthat ccontains ca
cThe cgeneral cformula cof ca ccarboxylic cacid cis cR-COOH, cwith cR creferring cto cthe calkyl cgroup. cC
cImportant cexamples cinclude cthe camino cacids cand cacetic cacid.
Ester c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔an cester cis ca cchemical ccompound cderived cfrom can cacid c(organic c
cone c-OH c(hydroxyl) cgroup cis creplaced cby can c-O-alkyl c(alkoxy) cgroup. cUsually, cesters care cder
cand can calcohol.
Amines c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Amines care cformally cderivatives cof cammonia, cwherein cone cor cm
cbeen creplaced cby ca csubstituent csuch cas can calkyl cor caryl cgroup c(these cmay crespectively cbe cc
carylamines; camines cin cwhich cboth ctypes cof csubstituent care cattached cto cone cnitrogen catom cm
Physical cProperties cof cOxygen: cLiquid cOxygen: c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Oxygen cbubbles crise cthr
cOxygen cis cmore csoluble cin cwater cthan cnitrogen cis; cwater ccontains capproximately cone cmolecu
cmolecules cof cN2, ccompared cto can catmospheric cratio cof capproximately cone cto cfour.
Nitrogen c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Nitrogen cis ca cchemical celement cwith csymbol cN cand catomic cnum
ca ccolorless, codorless, ctasteless, cand cmostly cinert cdiatomic cgas cat cstandard cconditions, cconsti
