1/8/26, 10:58 AM ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB 5355 EXAM #1 fully solved & updated 2026(latest version verified for accuracy) | 2026 L…
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB 5355
EXAM #1 fully solved & updated 2026(latest
version verified for accuracy) | 2026 Latest!!
Save
Terms in this set (327)
Transcription synthesis of RNA from DNA
Transcription results in mRNA
RNA polymerase makes mRNA
mRNA makes proteins
RNA polymerase binds to DNA
Transcription factors (TFs) A regulatory protein that binds to DNA and affects
transcription of specific genes. Can wither activate
or repress expression of genes
Termination of transcription RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence
(Stop codon) and detaches from the template
Translation Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein
is produced. Protein assembly
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,1/8/26, 10:58 AM ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB 5355 EXAM #1 fully solved & updated 2026(latest version verified for accuracy) | 2026 L…
Translation takes place in the cytoplasm
Codon A specific sequence of three bases on a strand of
DNA or RNA that provides genetic code
information for a amino acid
Amino acids are building blocks of proteins
tRNA An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter
between nucleic acid and protein language by
picking up specific amino acids and recognizing
the appropriate codons in the mRNA
Codons allow for DNA and RNA to communicate
Gene Regulation the process of turning genes on and off
Gene Regulation occurs during transcription
Transcription factors (TFs) determine amount of protein product made
Nucleotide DNA subunit; 1 DNA, 1 phosphate, 1 nitrogenous
base
Mutation permanent change in a DNA /RNA sequence that
affects genetic information
germline mutation happens in germ cells, inheritable, in all cells
somatic mutation A mutation that occurs in the body cells from
spontaneous development. Cannot be inherited.
Acquired
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, 1/8/26, 10:58 AM ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB 5355 EXAM #1 fully solved & updated 2026(latest version verified for accuracy) | 2026 L…
causes of mutations • Incorrect copying of the DNA sequence/
Environmental
•Exposure
•Spontaneous
silent mutation alters a base but does not change the amino acid
DNA is master blueprint for human being
Gene the basic unit of inheritance
DNA makes proteins
Chromosomes threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that
contain the genes
23 pairs of chromosomes
Allele variant of a gene
A cell holds how many alleles of 2, one from mom and one from dad
each gene?
Phenotype An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
Affected by environment
Genotype genetic makeup of an organism
locus Location of a gene on a chromosome
Homozygous An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
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ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB 5355
EXAM #1 fully solved & updated 2026(latest
version verified for accuracy) | 2026 Latest!!
Save
Terms in this set (327)
Transcription synthesis of RNA from DNA
Transcription results in mRNA
RNA polymerase makes mRNA
mRNA makes proteins
RNA polymerase binds to DNA
Transcription factors (TFs) A regulatory protein that binds to DNA and affects
transcription of specific genes. Can wither activate
or repress expression of genes
Termination of transcription RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence
(Stop codon) and detaches from the template
Translation Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein
is produced. Protein assembly
https://quizlet.com/1128298478/advanced-pathophysiology-utmb-5355-exam-1-fully-solved-updated-2026latest-version-verified-for-accuracy-2026-lat… 1/30
,1/8/26, 10:58 AM ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB 5355 EXAM #1 fully solved & updated 2026(latest version verified for accuracy) | 2026 L…
Translation takes place in the cytoplasm
Codon A specific sequence of three bases on a strand of
DNA or RNA that provides genetic code
information for a amino acid
Amino acids are building blocks of proteins
tRNA An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter
between nucleic acid and protein language by
picking up specific amino acids and recognizing
the appropriate codons in the mRNA
Codons allow for DNA and RNA to communicate
Gene Regulation the process of turning genes on and off
Gene Regulation occurs during transcription
Transcription factors (TFs) determine amount of protein product made
Nucleotide DNA subunit; 1 DNA, 1 phosphate, 1 nitrogenous
base
Mutation permanent change in a DNA /RNA sequence that
affects genetic information
germline mutation happens in germ cells, inheritable, in all cells
somatic mutation A mutation that occurs in the body cells from
spontaneous development. Cannot be inherited.
Acquired
https://quizlet.com/1128298478/advanced-pathophysiology-utmb-5355-exam-1-fully-solved-updated-2026latest-version-verified-for-accuracy-2026-lat… 2/30
, 1/8/26, 10:58 AM ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB 5355 EXAM #1 fully solved & updated 2026(latest version verified for accuracy) | 2026 L…
causes of mutations • Incorrect copying of the DNA sequence/
Environmental
•Exposure
•Spontaneous
silent mutation alters a base but does not change the amino acid
DNA is master blueprint for human being
Gene the basic unit of inheritance
DNA makes proteins
Chromosomes threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that
contain the genes
23 pairs of chromosomes
Allele variant of a gene
A cell holds how many alleles of 2, one from mom and one from dad
each gene?
Phenotype An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
Affected by environment
Genotype genetic makeup of an organism
locus Location of a gene on a chromosome
Homozygous An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
https://quizlet.com/1128298478/advanced-pathophysiology-utmb-5355-exam-1-fully-solved-updated-2026latest-version-verified-for-accuracy-2026-lat… 3/30
