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Complete Test Bank
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Immunology & Serology in Laboratory Medicine, 8th Edition
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By Mary Louise Turgeon
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(All Chapters 1-27, 100% Verified Answers)
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Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. The ―father of immunology is generally considered to be
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a. Koch.
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b. Pasteur.
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c. Gram.
d. Salk.
Answer: B
Louis Pasteur is generally considered to be the ―father of immunology.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
2. An early form of immunization was practiced by the
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native Americans.
Answer: C
Beginning about 1000 AD, the Chinese practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried
powders derived from the crusts of smallpox lesions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
3. A specific function of the immune system is to
a. recognize self from nonself.
b. defend the body against nonself.
c. amplify specific functions.
d. Both A and B.
Answer: D
The function of the immune system is to recognize self from nonself and defend the body
against nonself. Such a system is necessary for survival. The immune system also has nonspecific
effector mechanisms that usually amplify the specific functions. Nonspecific components of the
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immune system include mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and soluble
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factors (e.g., complement).
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DIF: Cognitive Level: I
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4. An undesirable consequence of immunity is
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a. natural resistance.
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b. acquired resistance to infectious diseases.
c. an autoimmune disorder.
d. recovery from infectious disease.
Answer: C
The desirable consequences of immunity include natural resistance, recovery, and acquired
resistance to infectious diseases. A deficiency or dysfunction of the immune system can cause
many disorders. Undesirable consequences of immunity include allergy, rejection of a
transplanted organ, or an autoimmune disorder.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
5. The immune system has various distinctive characteristics except;
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperation among different cells.
Answer: D
The immune system is composed of a large, complex set of widely distributed elements, with
the distinctive characteristics of specificity, memory, mobility, replicability, and cooperation
among different cells or cellular products. Specificity and memory are characteristics of
lymphocytes in the immune system. Nonspecific elements of the immune system demonstrate
mobility. In addition, specific and nonspecific cellular components of the immune system can
replicate. Cooperation is required for optimal functioning, and interaction involves specific
cellular elements, cell products, and nonlymphoid elements.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
6. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the
a. immediate hours after conception
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b. second month of gestation.
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c. second trimester of gestation.
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d. periods of severe anemia in children.
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Answer: A
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The sites of blood cell development, or hematopoiesis, follow a definite sequence in the
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embryo and fetus. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the second month of gestation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: II
7. The sequence of blood cell development in the embryo and fetus is
a. yolk sac, liver-spleen, bone marrow.
b. yolk sac, bone marrow, liver/spleen.
c. liver-spleen, yolk sac, bone marrow.
d. bone marrow, liver-spleen, yolk sac.
Answer: A
The first blood cells are primitive red blood cells (erythroblasts; RBCs) formed in the islets of the
yolk sac during the first 2 to 8 weeks of life. Gradually, the liver and spleen replace the yolk sac
as the sites of blood cell development. By the second month of gestation, the liver becomes the
major site of hematopoiesis, and granular types of leukocytes have made their initial
appearance. The liver and spleen predominate from about 2 to 5 months of fetal life. In the
fourth month of gestation, bone marrow begins to produce blood cells. After the fifth fetal
month, bone marrow begins to assume its ultimate role as the primary site of hematopoiesis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: II
8. The primary function of mature neutrophils is
a. to reduce inflammation.
b. to lyse parasites in the circulatory system.
c. antigen recognition.
d. phagocytosis.
Answer: D
Various phagocytic cells continually circulate throughout the blood, lymph, gastrointestinal
system, and respiratory tract. When trauma occurs, the neutrophils arrive at the site of injury
Complete Test Bank
er
Immunology & Serology in Laboratory Medicine, 8th Edition
M
By Mary Louise Turgeon
rt
pe
(All Chapters 1-27, 100% Verified Answers)
Ex
, cy
Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
er
MULTIPLE CHOICE
M
1. The ―father of immunology is generally considered to be
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a. Koch.
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b. Pasteur.
Ex
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
Answer: B
Louis Pasteur is generally considered to be the ―father of immunology.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
2. An early form of immunization was practiced by the
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native Americans.
Answer: C
Beginning about 1000 AD, the Chinese practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried
powders derived from the crusts of smallpox lesions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
3. A specific function of the immune system is to
a. recognize self from nonself.
b. defend the body against nonself.
c. amplify specific functions.
d. Both A and B.
Answer: D
The function of the immune system is to recognize self from nonself and defend the body
against nonself. Such a system is necessary for survival. The immune system also has nonspecific
effector mechanisms that usually amplify the specific functions. Nonspecific components of the
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immune system include mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and soluble
er
factors (e.g., complement).
M
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
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4. An undesirable consequence of immunity is
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a. natural resistance.
Ex
b. acquired resistance to infectious diseases.
c. an autoimmune disorder.
d. recovery from infectious disease.
Answer: C
The desirable consequences of immunity include natural resistance, recovery, and acquired
resistance to infectious diseases. A deficiency or dysfunction of the immune system can cause
many disorders. Undesirable consequences of immunity include allergy, rejection of a
transplanted organ, or an autoimmune disorder.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
5. The immune system has various distinctive characteristics except;
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperation among different cells.
Answer: D
The immune system is composed of a large, complex set of widely distributed elements, with
the distinctive characteristics of specificity, memory, mobility, replicability, and cooperation
among different cells or cellular products. Specificity and memory are characteristics of
lymphocytes in the immune system. Nonspecific elements of the immune system demonstrate
mobility. In addition, specific and nonspecific cellular components of the immune system can
replicate. Cooperation is required for optimal functioning, and interaction involves specific
cellular elements, cell products, and nonlymphoid elements.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
6. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the
a. immediate hours after conception
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b. second month of gestation.
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c. second trimester of gestation.
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d. periods of severe anemia in children.
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Answer: A
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The sites of blood cell development, or hematopoiesis, follow a definite sequence in the
Ex
embryo and fetus. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the second month of gestation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: II
7. The sequence of blood cell development in the embryo and fetus is
a. yolk sac, liver-spleen, bone marrow.
b. yolk sac, bone marrow, liver/spleen.
c. liver-spleen, yolk sac, bone marrow.
d. bone marrow, liver-spleen, yolk sac.
Answer: A
The first blood cells are primitive red blood cells (erythroblasts; RBCs) formed in the islets of the
yolk sac during the first 2 to 8 weeks of life. Gradually, the liver and spleen replace the yolk sac
as the sites of blood cell development. By the second month of gestation, the liver becomes the
major site of hematopoiesis, and granular types of leukocytes have made their initial
appearance. The liver and spleen predominate from about 2 to 5 months of fetal life. In the
fourth month of gestation, bone marrow begins to produce blood cells. After the fifth fetal
month, bone marrow begins to assume its ultimate role as the primary site of hematopoiesis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: II
8. The primary function of mature neutrophils is
a. to reduce inflammation.
b. to lyse parasites in the circulatory system.
c. antigen recognition.
d. phagocytosis.
Answer: D
Various phagocytic cells continually circulate throughout the blood, lymph, gastrointestinal
system, and respiratory tract. When trauma occurs, the neutrophils arrive at the site of injury
