OTH3416 Ch.5B questions n answers
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Inflammation - correct answer ✔✔• Inflammation is the second line of defense of the body
• Inflammatory responses begin immediately: within seconds of invasion
• Inflammation is non-specific:
- It occurs in the same way no matter what the stimulus is
- It occurs in the same way whether it is the first or second time of exposure to the same
stimulus
• Inflammation is triggered by:
1. Cellular injury: injured cells secrete (produce and release) mediators such as heat-shock
proteins
2. Dead cells
• Host cells
• Microorganism cells
• Inflammation is a biochemical and cellular process that occurs in vascularized tissue (loose
connective tissues near blood vessels)
- Most components of the inflammatory process are found in the circulation
• Inflammation is initiated by mast cells
- The granules of mast cells contain chemicals such as histamine that cause the inflammatory
response
Mast Cells - correct answer ✔✔• Mast cells are:
- Cells that possess granules containing biochemicals such as histamine
- Located in vascularized tissue (loose connective tissues near blood vessels)
- The most important activator of the inflammatory response
, • Plasma-membrane-receptors of mast cells bind to mediators released by injured cells (e.g.,
heat-shock proteins)
• Upon binding, mast cells respond by two processes:
1. Degranulation
2. Synthesis
Degranulation - correct answer ✔✔- An immediate response of mast cells
- It is how mast cells initiate inflammation
• After binding to heat shock proteins
- Degranulation consists of releasing pre-synthesized biochemical mediators from the mast cell's
granules into the interstitial space (extracellular matrix)
- The biochemical mediators (factors) include:
a. Histamine
- Pre-synthesized by mast cells and stored in their granules
- Released by degranulation
- A vasoactive amine; it causes both:
1. Vasodilatation (can cause anaphylactic shock)
2. Increased vascular permeability
b. Various chemotactic factors
- Attract specific type of leukocytes (WBC) to the site of inflammation
- Chemotaxis is the directional movement of WBCs, which follow chemotactic factors by
detecting where they are most highly concentrated
Synthesis - correct answer ✔✔- A long-term response
- Cellular injury stimulates mast cells to synthesize biochemicals that are important in the later
stages of inflammation
a. Leukotrienes
rated A+
Inflammation - correct answer ✔✔• Inflammation is the second line of defense of the body
• Inflammatory responses begin immediately: within seconds of invasion
• Inflammation is non-specific:
- It occurs in the same way no matter what the stimulus is
- It occurs in the same way whether it is the first or second time of exposure to the same
stimulus
• Inflammation is triggered by:
1. Cellular injury: injured cells secrete (produce and release) mediators such as heat-shock
proteins
2. Dead cells
• Host cells
• Microorganism cells
• Inflammation is a biochemical and cellular process that occurs in vascularized tissue (loose
connective tissues near blood vessels)
- Most components of the inflammatory process are found in the circulation
• Inflammation is initiated by mast cells
- The granules of mast cells contain chemicals such as histamine that cause the inflammatory
response
Mast Cells - correct answer ✔✔• Mast cells are:
- Cells that possess granules containing biochemicals such as histamine
- Located in vascularized tissue (loose connective tissues near blood vessels)
- The most important activator of the inflammatory response
, • Plasma-membrane-receptors of mast cells bind to mediators released by injured cells (e.g.,
heat-shock proteins)
• Upon binding, mast cells respond by two processes:
1. Degranulation
2. Synthesis
Degranulation - correct answer ✔✔- An immediate response of mast cells
- It is how mast cells initiate inflammation
• After binding to heat shock proteins
- Degranulation consists of releasing pre-synthesized biochemical mediators from the mast cell's
granules into the interstitial space (extracellular matrix)
- The biochemical mediators (factors) include:
a. Histamine
- Pre-synthesized by mast cells and stored in their granules
- Released by degranulation
- A vasoactive amine; it causes both:
1. Vasodilatation (can cause anaphylactic shock)
2. Increased vascular permeability
b. Various chemotactic factors
- Attract specific type of leukocytes (WBC) to the site of inflammation
- Chemotaxis is the directional movement of WBCs, which follow chemotactic factors by
detecting where they are most highly concentrated
Synthesis - correct answer ✔✔- A long-term response
- Cellular injury stimulates mast cells to synthesize biochemicals that are important in the later
stages of inflammation
a. Leukotrienes
