Kuby Immunology Test Bank 8th Edition | All Chapters + Digital Update | Grade A+ Verified

, (KubyMImmunologyMCovid-
19MDigitalMUpdate,M8eMJenniMPunt,MSharonMStranford,MPatriciaMJones,MJudyMOwen)M(TestMBankMLatestMEd
onM2023-24,MGradeMA+,M100%MVerified)

ChapterM01
1. TwoMofMtheMmain,MearlyMtheoriesMproposedMtoMexplainMhowMantigen-
specificMantibodiesMdevelopMwereMtheMinstructionalMtheoryMandMtheMselectiveMtheory.MHowMdidMtheMtwoM
differ?MWhichMwasMultimatelyMshownMtoMbeMCORRECT?
ANSWER:M TheMselectiveMtheoryMsaysMthat,MwhenManMantigenMreceptorMbindsMwithManMantigen,MtheMcellMbecomes
MactivatedM(orMtheMcellMisMselectedMtoMproliferateMandMsecreteMmoreMcopiesMofMtheMreceptor). MTheMins

tructionalMtheoryMsaysMthatMtheMantigenMreceptorMmoldsMitselfMtoMtheMantigen.MTheMselectiveMtheoryM
wasMshownMtoMbeMcorrect.

2. Often,MserendipityMplaysMaMroleMinMsignificantMscientificMdiscoveries.MInMyourMownMwords,MexplainM
howMserendipityMledMPasteurMtoMdiscoverMaMcholeraMvaccine.
ANSWER:M PasteurMdevelopedMtheMvaccineMinMchickens,MwhichMwereMinMshortMsupply.MHeMchallengedMgroupsMof
MchickensMwithMcholeraMbacteria—

someMofMwhichMwereMpreviouslyMexposedMtoManMattenuatedMversionMofMcholeraMbacteria.MOnlyMtheMp
reviouslyMexposedManimalsMwereMprotectedMfromMaMnewMchallenge,MwhichMledMtoMtheMuseMofMweake
nedMpathogensMasMvaccines.

3. DespiteMitsMhavingMbeenMeradicatedMonMaMglobalMscale,MsmallpoxMisMpresentlyMconsideredMaMpotentialMbioterro
rismMthreat.MWhy?MUseMevidenceMtoMsupportMyourManswer.
ANSWER:M AfterMeradicationMwasMachieved,MsmallpoxMvaccinationMprogramsMlargelyMended.MAsMpopulationsMc
ontinuedMtoMgrowMoverMtime,ManMever-
increasingMpercentageMofMtheMhumanMpopulationMremainsMunvaccinatedMandMthus,MisMstillMsusceptib
leMtoMtheMdisease.

4. PriorMtoM1999,MitMwasMclaimedMthatMaMthimerosalMadditiveMinMvaccinesMwasMcontributingMtoMtheMrisingMinciden
ceMofMautism.MIfMtheMclaimsMwereMtrue,MwhatMresultantMtrendMmightMyouMexpectMtoMobserveMinMtheMrateMofMautis
mMonceMthimerosalMwasMremovedMfromMvaccines?
ANSWER:M OneMwouldMreasonablyMexpectMaMdecreaseMinMtheMrateMofMautism.MHowever,McasesMofMautismMcontin
uedMtoMriseMafterMthimerosalMwasMremovedMfromMvaccinesMinM2001.

5. GivenMtheMdiscoveryMandMdevelopmentMofMeffectiveMantibiotics,MmakeManMargumentMforMtheMcontinuedMus
eMofMvaccinesMagainstMbacterialMpathogens.MUseMevidenceMtoMsupportMyourManswer.
ANSWER:M AntibioticsMareMusedMforMtreatmentMofMdisease,MnotMtypicallyMforMprevention.MAntibioticMtreatmentMis
MnotMfoolproofM(consideringMtheMrisingMincidenceMofMantibioticMresistance).MVaccinesMareMaMpreventa

tiveMmeasure,MandMpreventionMisMtheMgoldMstandardMforMinfectiousMdiseaseMcontrolMmeasures.

6. YouMhaveMaMfriendMunfamiliarMwithMimmunology,MandMheMasksMyouMtheMfollowingMquestion:M"WhyMdoMIMnee
dMtheMfluMshotMeveryMyear,MbutMdon'tMneedManMannualMchickenpoxMvaccine?"MAsMaMstudentMofMimmunology,Mho
wMwouldMyouMexplainMthisMdiscrepancyMtoMyourMfriend?MUseMevidenceMtoMsupportMyourManswer.
ANSWER:M TheMvirusMthatMcausesMtheMfluMchangesMeveryMyearM-
MasMaMresult,MaMnewMfluMvaccineMmustMbeMpreparedMeachM yearMbasedMonMaMpredicationMofMtheMmostMc

ommonMformsMofMtheMvirusMlikelyMtoMbeMencountered.MVaccinesMareMspecificMinMtheMtypeMofMpathoge
nMagainstMwhichMtheyMprotect,MandMprotectionMagainstMoneMtypeMdoesMnotMguaranteeMprotectionMagai
nstMpathogensMthatMareMclosely-related.

,7. ProvideMoneMbenefitMandMoneMdrawbackMofMgeneratingMrandomMrecognitionMreceptorsMduringMtheMdevelopmen
tMofMBMcells.
ANSWER:M AMbenefitMisMhavingMtheMcapacityMtoMrecognizeMandMrespondMtoMdiverseMpathogensMasMtheyMevolve.M
AMdrawbackMisMthatMsomeMrecognitionMreceptorsMcouldMpotentiallyMrecognizeMandMtargetMhostMantige
ns.

, Name: Class: Date:

ChapterM0
1
8. AMportionMofMourMimmuneMsystems'MwhiteMbloodMcellsMisMconstantlyMcirculatingMthroughoutMtheMbod
yMviaMcirculationMandMlymphatics.MWhatMisMtheMbenefitMofMsuchMcirculation?
ANSWER:M TheMcirculationMofMtheMwhiteMbloodMcellsMallowsMforMaMmoreMcomprehensiveMsurveillanceMofMtheMbo
dyMforMtheMpresenceMofMpotentialMpathogens.MAMsignificantMportionMofMtheMhumanMbodyMisMconstant
lyMexposedMtoMpotentialMmicrobialMpathogens.

9. CompleteMtheMfollowingMtableMbyMcomparingMandMcontrastingMinnateMandMadaptiveMimmuneMresponses.

InnateMI Adaptive
mmunity MImmunit
y
IsMmediatedMbyMwhatMcells?
WhatMdoMtheyMrecognize?
HowMareMtheMreceptorsMe
ncoded?
WhyMcan'tMtheyMcontrolMall
MinfectionsMalone?


WhatMdoMtheyMdoMi
nMresponseMtoMantig
en?

ANSWER: Adaptive
InnateMImmunity
MImmunit
y
Macrophages,MNKMce
IsMmediatedMbyM TMcellsMandMB
lls,Mneutrophils,Mmast
whatMcells? Mcells
McellsMeosinophils


WhatMdoMtheyMr Specific
PathogenMpatterns
ecognize? Mepitope

s
HowMareMtheMr
RearrangedM
eceptorsMenc GermMline
geneMsegment
oded?
s
WhyMcan'tMtheyM
PathogensMevolveMe TakesMtooMlong
controlMallMinfec
scapeMmechanisms MtoMdevelop
tionsMalone?
WhatMdoMtheyMdo ProduceMantib
EngulfMandMdestroy,M
MinMresponseMtoMa odies,MkillMinfe
induceMinflammation
ntigen? ctedMcells
10. WhatMareMtheMhallmarksMofMinflammation?MDescribeMtheMphysicalMcharacteristicsMofMsomeoneMexperiencin
gManMinflammatoryMresponse.
ANSWER:M Redness,Mswelling,Mheat,Mpain.MSomeoneMexperiencingMinflammationMmightMhaveMlocalizedMswellin
gMandMrednessMorMitchingMorMmayMbeMexperiencingMfaintnessMdueMtoMaMloweringMofMbloodMpressureMif
MmoreMsevere.