UNE BIOCHEMISTRY COMPREHENSIVE EXAM UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔In the case of deficiency of biotin, which of the following enzymes required for fatty
acid synthesis will be impaired? - ✔✔Acetyl CoA carboxylase
✔✔Which of the following compounds is the substrate for the synthesis of cortisol? -
✔✔Cholesterol
✔✔Under cellular conditions when cholesterol is low, which of the following is a true
statement regarding the sterol response element binding protein? - ✔✔It will be
associated with the sterol response element (SRE) in the DNA
✔✔HDL particles are characterized by the presence of which apoprotein? - ✔✔ApoA
✔✔Which of the following is the regulatory enzyme in cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔HMG
CoA reductase
✔✔Which of the following lipoproteins is responsible for the transport of cholesterol to
peripheral tissue? - ✔✔LDL
✔✔Which of the following enzymes is responsible for moving cholesterol from HDL to
VLDL? - ✔✔Cholesterol esterase transfer protein (CETP)
✔✔The uptake of LDL increases the intracellular cholesterol levels. This has which of
the following impacts on bile salt solubility? - ✔✔Decrease solubility
✔✔The uptake of LDL increases intracellular cholesterol levels. This has which of the
following impacts on de novo cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔Increases degradation of
HMG CoA reductase
✔✔LCAT esterifies cholesterol. This process is required for which of the following
processes? - ✔✔To trap cholesterol in HDL particles
✔✔The deficiency in the LDL receptor will result in which of the following? - ✔✔A
decrease in intracellular cholesterol
✔✔Which of the following terms is used to define macrophages that are filled with
oxLDL? - ✔✔Foam cells
✔✔Which of the following is a true statement concerning HMG CoA reductase? - ✔✔It
catalyzes the first committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis
,✔✔The regulatory enzyme of the cholesterol synthetic pathway is - ✔✔HMG CoA
reductase
✔✔When an LDL particle is taken up by the cell, what impact will this have on the
regulation of the de novo cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔SREBP:SCAP will be bound to the
endoplasmic reticulum
✔✔Under fasted conditions, which of the following enzymes will be phosphorylated and
inactive? - ✔✔HMG CoA reductase
✔✔In the reaction catalyzed by cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), the VLDL
particle receives which fo the following compounds from HDL particles? -
✔✔Cholesterol-ester
✔✔Statins are drugs that inhibit cholesterol synthesis by inhibition of the regulatory
enzyme for this process. Which of the following enzymes is the direct target of statins? -
✔✔HMD CoA reductase
✔✔Which lipoprotein is responsible for the process of reverse cholesterol transport (the
movement of cholesterol from the peripheral tissues back tot he liver)? - ✔✔HDL
✔✔Cholesterol is a substitute for all of the following compounds except - ✔✔Guanine
✔✔The skeletal muscle primarily provides substrate for gluconeogenesis through which
of the following processes? - ✔✔Protein catabolism
✔✔Which of the following enzymes is used by the gluconeogenic pathway but not the
glycolytic pathway? - ✔✔Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
✔✔Which fo the following compounds allosterically activates pyruvate carboxylase? -
✔✔Acetyl CoA
✔✔The process of gluconeogenesis primarily takes place in which of the following
tissues? - ✔✔Liver
✔✔Substrates for gluconeogensis include all of the following compounds except -
✔✔Acetyl CoA
✔✔The two major processes required to maintain blood glucose are gluconeogensis
and - ✔✔hepatic glycogenolysis
, ✔✔If unregulated, which of the following pairs of enzymes would represent a futile
cycle? - ✔✔Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and phosphofructokinase 1
✔✔Ethanol metabolism - ✔✔Increases the ratio of NADH/NAD+
✔✔The first step in ethanol metabolism is in the cytosol and generates which of the
following products? - ✔✔Acetaldehyde
✔✔Acetate generated from ethanol metabolism can be directly converted to
_____________________ which can be oxidized in the TCA cycle. - ✔✔Acetyl CoA
✔✔Increase in ethanol consumption leads to an increase in the ratio of NADH/NAD+.
This promotes the conversion of pyruvate to which fo the following compounds? -
✔✔Lactate
✔✔The oxidation of ethanol increases the ratio of NADH/ NAD in both the mitochondria
and the cytosol. This leads to the inhibition of which of the following enzymes in the
TCA cycle? - ✔✔Isocitrate dehydrogenase
✔✔Several friends went out Saturday evening to celebrate an exam. They skipped
dinner and decided to head straight to the bar. The next morning one of the individuals
was found laying unconscious at the bottom of the stairs. He was rushed to the
emergency department and blood glucose levels of 30mg/ dL (normal range 100-
120mg/ dL).
At the time of presentation, which of the following would be consistent with this
individuals signs and symptoms (when compared to a normal individual)? - ✔✔Increase
lactate levels
✔✔Which of the following is the primary metabolic fate of acetate generated from
ethanol metabolism? - ✔✔It is converted to acetyl CoA by peripheral tissues
✔✔Both gluconeogenesis and fatty acid beta oxidation are required for homeostasis in
the fasted state. Which of the following statements is false with regards to how these
pathways interact? - ✔✔Acetyl CoA is a substrate required for gluconeogenesis
✔✔Which of the following hormones initiates skeletal muscle catabolism to provide
substrate for gluconeogenesis? - ✔✔Cortisol
✔✔In a fasted individual, excessive alcohol consumption will contribute to all of the
following except - ✔✔Increased chylomicron secretion
✔✔Ethanol metabolism increases the ratio of NADH/NAD+. This leads to all of the
following metabolic consequences except - ✔✔Inhibition of lipolysis
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔In the case of deficiency of biotin, which of the following enzymes required for fatty
acid synthesis will be impaired? - ✔✔Acetyl CoA carboxylase
✔✔Which of the following compounds is the substrate for the synthesis of cortisol? -
✔✔Cholesterol
✔✔Under cellular conditions when cholesterol is low, which of the following is a true
statement regarding the sterol response element binding protein? - ✔✔It will be
associated with the sterol response element (SRE) in the DNA
✔✔HDL particles are characterized by the presence of which apoprotein? - ✔✔ApoA
✔✔Which of the following is the regulatory enzyme in cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔HMG
CoA reductase
✔✔Which of the following lipoproteins is responsible for the transport of cholesterol to
peripheral tissue? - ✔✔LDL
✔✔Which of the following enzymes is responsible for moving cholesterol from HDL to
VLDL? - ✔✔Cholesterol esterase transfer protein (CETP)
✔✔The uptake of LDL increases the intracellular cholesterol levels. This has which of
the following impacts on bile salt solubility? - ✔✔Decrease solubility
✔✔The uptake of LDL increases intracellular cholesterol levels. This has which of the
following impacts on de novo cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔Increases degradation of
HMG CoA reductase
✔✔LCAT esterifies cholesterol. This process is required for which of the following
processes? - ✔✔To trap cholesterol in HDL particles
✔✔The deficiency in the LDL receptor will result in which of the following? - ✔✔A
decrease in intracellular cholesterol
✔✔Which of the following terms is used to define macrophages that are filled with
oxLDL? - ✔✔Foam cells
✔✔Which of the following is a true statement concerning HMG CoA reductase? - ✔✔It
catalyzes the first committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis
,✔✔The regulatory enzyme of the cholesterol synthetic pathway is - ✔✔HMG CoA
reductase
✔✔When an LDL particle is taken up by the cell, what impact will this have on the
regulation of the de novo cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔SREBP:SCAP will be bound to the
endoplasmic reticulum
✔✔Under fasted conditions, which of the following enzymes will be phosphorylated and
inactive? - ✔✔HMG CoA reductase
✔✔In the reaction catalyzed by cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), the VLDL
particle receives which fo the following compounds from HDL particles? -
✔✔Cholesterol-ester
✔✔Statins are drugs that inhibit cholesterol synthesis by inhibition of the regulatory
enzyme for this process. Which of the following enzymes is the direct target of statins? -
✔✔HMD CoA reductase
✔✔Which lipoprotein is responsible for the process of reverse cholesterol transport (the
movement of cholesterol from the peripheral tissues back tot he liver)? - ✔✔HDL
✔✔Cholesterol is a substitute for all of the following compounds except - ✔✔Guanine
✔✔The skeletal muscle primarily provides substrate for gluconeogenesis through which
of the following processes? - ✔✔Protein catabolism
✔✔Which of the following enzymes is used by the gluconeogenic pathway but not the
glycolytic pathway? - ✔✔Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
✔✔Which fo the following compounds allosterically activates pyruvate carboxylase? -
✔✔Acetyl CoA
✔✔The process of gluconeogenesis primarily takes place in which of the following
tissues? - ✔✔Liver
✔✔Substrates for gluconeogensis include all of the following compounds except -
✔✔Acetyl CoA
✔✔The two major processes required to maintain blood glucose are gluconeogensis
and - ✔✔hepatic glycogenolysis
, ✔✔If unregulated, which of the following pairs of enzymes would represent a futile
cycle? - ✔✔Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and phosphofructokinase 1
✔✔Ethanol metabolism - ✔✔Increases the ratio of NADH/NAD+
✔✔The first step in ethanol metabolism is in the cytosol and generates which of the
following products? - ✔✔Acetaldehyde
✔✔Acetate generated from ethanol metabolism can be directly converted to
_____________________ which can be oxidized in the TCA cycle. - ✔✔Acetyl CoA
✔✔Increase in ethanol consumption leads to an increase in the ratio of NADH/NAD+.
This promotes the conversion of pyruvate to which fo the following compounds? -
✔✔Lactate
✔✔The oxidation of ethanol increases the ratio of NADH/ NAD in both the mitochondria
and the cytosol. This leads to the inhibition of which of the following enzymes in the
TCA cycle? - ✔✔Isocitrate dehydrogenase
✔✔Several friends went out Saturday evening to celebrate an exam. They skipped
dinner and decided to head straight to the bar. The next morning one of the individuals
was found laying unconscious at the bottom of the stairs. He was rushed to the
emergency department and blood glucose levels of 30mg/ dL (normal range 100-
120mg/ dL).
At the time of presentation, which of the following would be consistent with this
individuals signs and symptoms (when compared to a normal individual)? - ✔✔Increase
lactate levels
✔✔Which of the following is the primary metabolic fate of acetate generated from
ethanol metabolism? - ✔✔It is converted to acetyl CoA by peripheral tissues
✔✔Both gluconeogenesis and fatty acid beta oxidation are required for homeostasis in
the fasted state. Which of the following statements is false with regards to how these
pathways interact? - ✔✔Acetyl CoA is a substrate required for gluconeogenesis
✔✔Which of the following hormones initiates skeletal muscle catabolism to provide
substrate for gluconeogenesis? - ✔✔Cortisol
✔✔In a fasted individual, excessive alcohol consumption will contribute to all of the
following except - ✔✔Increased chylomicron secretion
✔✔Ethanol metabolism increases the ratio of NADH/NAD+. This leads to all of the
following metabolic consequences except - ✔✔Inhibition of lipolysis
