2025 Comprehensive Final Exam with Verified Rationales
Practice Questions and Answers 2026 with complete
solution
Trauma to Kiesselbachs plexus: - Answer-Will result in an anterior nosebleed
The diagnostic or gold standard test for sickle cell anemia, G6PD anemia, and
alpha or beta thalassemia: - Answer-Hemoglobin electrophoresis
Erythromycin "allergy" vs adverse reaction: - Answer-Adverse reaction-symptoms
of nausea or GI upset
allergy -hives, angioedema
Acute mononucleosis: - Answer-Pt will most likely be a teen presenting w classic
triad of sore throat, prolonged fatigue, and enlarged cervical nodes.
Alpha thalassemia: - Answer-More common among Southeast Asians such as,
Indian, Chinese, or Filipino descent
Lupus - Answer-Malar rash(butterfly rash)Pts need to avoid or to minimize
sunlight exposure(photosensitivity)
,Acutely inflamed joints (knee/hip/shoulders/elbows): - Answer-Can be tx w intra-
articular triamcinolone(Kenolog) injections up to 3 times per year.
Poison ivy or poison oak: - Answer-Severe case of poison ivy case or poison oak
rash may require 14 to 21 days of an oral steroid to clear
Tapering weaning drugs: - Answer-Beta-clockers (rebound htn, or htn crisis)
Benzodiazepines (severe anxiety, insomnia, seizures, tremors)
Oral Steroids
Anticonvulstants
Antipsychotics
Antiarrythmics
Paroxetine or Paxil
Controled substance act-US FDA DEA: - Answer-Schedule I drugs(heroin,
ecstasy/MDMA, PCP, -illegal to prescribe
Schedule 2(Demerol, Dilaudid, Oxycontin, cocaine, amphetamines)-only the
original prescription with the physicians signature acceptable
Schedule 3(Tylenol with codein, Vicodin, nabolic steroids, testosterone, )
Schedule4(benzodiazepines, ambien, lunesta, Soma)
Schedule 5(cough medicine with less than 200mg codeine, Lomotil,Lyrica)
Schedule 4,5 acn be mailed to the matient. some states allow NPs to prescribe
lower level controlled substance
For all controlled substance: Must have the prescribers and the supervising
physicians name/DEA number with the clinic address on the pad. Some states do
not require supervising physician.
,List of Category X drugs: - Answer-Finasteride(proscar, propecia)-reproductive
aged or pregnant women should not handle crushed finasteride tablets
Isotretinoin(Accutane)
Warfarin sodium(coumadin)
Misoprostol(Cytotec)
Androgenic hormones: birth control pills, HRT, testosterone
Live virus vaccines(measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, rotavirus, flumist)
Thalidomide, DES, methimazole
FDA category classification: - Answer-Category A
Adequate and well-controlled studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the
fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy (and there is no evidence of risk in later
trimesters).
Category B
Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus and
there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.
Category C
Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there
are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits
may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.
Category D
, There is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data
from investigational or marketing experience or studies in humans, but potential
benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.
Category X
Studies in animals or humans have demonstrated fetal abnormalities and/or there
is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from
investigational or marketing experience, and the risks involved in use of the drug
in pregnant women clearly outweigh potential benefits.
Category N
FDA has not classified the drug.
Prescription pads: - Answer-the NPs prescription pads should contain the
following information:
NPs name/designation/license number
Supervising physician name.
clinic address(if multiple sites, the sites where the NP works should be listed on
the pad)
Mortality statistics: - Answer-Leading cause of death(all ages/genders)
-Heart disease(or diseases of heart)
-Cancer
-Chronic lung diseases
Cancer mortality: - Answer-Leading cause of cancer death -Lung cancer