NEWEST 2026/2027 NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM AND
A NEW UPDATED STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (100% CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
CURRENTLY UPDATED VERSION |GUARANTEED PASS A+ (BRAND NEW!!) FULL
REVISED NURS 6501 MIDTERM |WALDEN UNIVERSITY
A 31-year-old male has a history of chronic anemia and painful crises
with joint and abdominal pain. A head computed tomography (CT) scan
reveals several small remote infarctions. During one of these acute
crises, he is admitted with severe dyspnea. A CBC is performed. Which
of the following morphologic findings for RBCs is most likely to be
seen on the peripheral blood smear?
A. Tear drop cells
B. Schistocytes
C. Sickle cells
D. Spherocytosis
Answer- Sickle cells
A 50-year-old male has a blood pressure of 160/95 mm Hg. If this
condition remains untreated for years, which of the following
cardiovascular alterations will be seen on a transthoracic
echocardiogram and ECG?
A. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
B. Left Ventricular Atrophy
,C. Left Atrial Atrophy
D. Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Answer- Left ventricular hypertrophy
A 65-year-old male with longstanding uncontrolled HTN presents to the
office for evaluation of syncope. His vital signs are temperature=98.3,
Pulse=85, RR=17, BP=165/85. Physical examination reveals a fourth
heart sound and a 4/6 crescendo-decrescendo murmur heard at the right
upper sternal border with radiation to the carotid arteries. His ECG
reveals enlarged QRS waves, consistent with left ventricular
hypertrophy. What is the most likely cause of his syncopal episodes?
A. Mitral regurgitation
B. Mitral Stenosis
C. Aortic regurgitation
D. Aortic stenosis
Answer- Aortic stenosis
A 63-year-old female presents to the emergency room with sudden onset
of severe chest and back pain. She describes the pain as sharp and
different from her angina pain. Her past medical history is positive for
HTN X 20 years. VS: HR 105, BP 160/105, RR 17. On physical
,examination, the NP notices that her pedal and radial pulses are not
equal. What is the most likely cause of her chest pain?
A. Unstable angina
B. Aortic dissection
C. Prinzmetal angina
D. Acute myocardial infarction
Answer- Aortic dissection
A 45-year-old male collapsed suddenly while playing basketball.
Bystander CPR and defibrillation was performed using an automatic
external defibrillator or AED. When EMS arrived, the gentleman was
awake and alert. The recorded rhythm strip on the AED shows
tachycardia with AV dissociation (rate, approximately 220 bpm). Which
arrhythmia induced his arrest?
A. No sustained supraventricular tachycardia
B. Sustained wide complex atrial tachycardia
C. Wide complex ventricular tachycardia
D. Narrow complex ventricular tachycardia
Answer- Wide complex tachycardia
, A 44-year-old previously healthy male presents to the office
complaining of increasing dyspnea on exertion and exercise intolerance
over the last six months. The NP order a chest XRAY and transthoracic
echocardiogram. The chest XRAY shows an enlarged heart and mild
pulmonary edema. The echocardiogram reveals four-chamber cardiac
dilation with an ejection fraction of 30% and mitral and tricuspid valve
regurgitation. The patient is referred to the cardiologist who orders a
CAT scan of the coronary arteries which is negative for obstructive
coronary artery disease. What is the most likely underlying cause of the
dyspnea?
A. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
B. Rheumatic heart disease
C. Hemochromatosis
D. Chagas disease
Answer- Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
A 72-year-old female with a known cardiac history of coronary artery
disease presents to the emergency room following a syncopal episode.
She received a stent to the right coronary artery in 2017 and was noted
to have an ejection fraction of 40% at that time. A 12 lead ECG reveals a
regular rhythm with a rate of 35. What is the most likely cause of her
bradycardia?
A. Blocked pathway at or below the AV node
B. Blocked pathway at or below the SA node
A NEW UPDATED STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (100% CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
CURRENTLY UPDATED VERSION |GUARANTEED PASS A+ (BRAND NEW!!) FULL
REVISED NURS 6501 MIDTERM |WALDEN UNIVERSITY
A 31-year-old male has a history of chronic anemia and painful crises
with joint and abdominal pain. A head computed tomography (CT) scan
reveals several small remote infarctions. During one of these acute
crises, he is admitted with severe dyspnea. A CBC is performed. Which
of the following morphologic findings for RBCs is most likely to be
seen on the peripheral blood smear?
A. Tear drop cells
B. Schistocytes
C. Sickle cells
D. Spherocytosis
Answer- Sickle cells
A 50-year-old male has a blood pressure of 160/95 mm Hg. If this
condition remains untreated for years, which of the following
cardiovascular alterations will be seen on a transthoracic
echocardiogram and ECG?
A. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
B. Left Ventricular Atrophy
,C. Left Atrial Atrophy
D. Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Answer- Left ventricular hypertrophy
A 65-year-old male with longstanding uncontrolled HTN presents to the
office for evaluation of syncope. His vital signs are temperature=98.3,
Pulse=85, RR=17, BP=165/85. Physical examination reveals a fourth
heart sound and a 4/6 crescendo-decrescendo murmur heard at the right
upper sternal border with radiation to the carotid arteries. His ECG
reveals enlarged QRS waves, consistent with left ventricular
hypertrophy. What is the most likely cause of his syncopal episodes?
A. Mitral regurgitation
B. Mitral Stenosis
C. Aortic regurgitation
D. Aortic stenosis
Answer- Aortic stenosis
A 63-year-old female presents to the emergency room with sudden onset
of severe chest and back pain. She describes the pain as sharp and
different from her angina pain. Her past medical history is positive for
HTN X 20 years. VS: HR 105, BP 160/105, RR 17. On physical
,examination, the NP notices that her pedal and radial pulses are not
equal. What is the most likely cause of her chest pain?
A. Unstable angina
B. Aortic dissection
C. Prinzmetal angina
D. Acute myocardial infarction
Answer- Aortic dissection
A 45-year-old male collapsed suddenly while playing basketball.
Bystander CPR and defibrillation was performed using an automatic
external defibrillator or AED. When EMS arrived, the gentleman was
awake and alert. The recorded rhythm strip on the AED shows
tachycardia with AV dissociation (rate, approximately 220 bpm). Which
arrhythmia induced his arrest?
A. No sustained supraventricular tachycardia
B. Sustained wide complex atrial tachycardia
C. Wide complex ventricular tachycardia
D. Narrow complex ventricular tachycardia
Answer- Wide complex tachycardia
, A 44-year-old previously healthy male presents to the office
complaining of increasing dyspnea on exertion and exercise intolerance
over the last six months. The NP order a chest XRAY and transthoracic
echocardiogram. The chest XRAY shows an enlarged heart and mild
pulmonary edema. The echocardiogram reveals four-chamber cardiac
dilation with an ejection fraction of 30% and mitral and tricuspid valve
regurgitation. The patient is referred to the cardiologist who orders a
CAT scan of the coronary arteries which is negative for obstructive
coronary artery disease. What is the most likely underlying cause of the
dyspnea?
A. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
B. Rheumatic heart disease
C. Hemochromatosis
D. Chagas disease
Answer- Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
A 72-year-old female with a known cardiac history of coronary artery
disease presents to the emergency room following a syncopal episode.
She received a stent to the right coronary artery in 2017 and was noted
to have an ejection fraction of 40% at that time. A 12 lead ECG reveals a
regular rhythm with a rate of 35. What is the most likely cause of her
bradycardia?
A. Blocked pathway at or below the AV node
B. Blocked pathway at or below the SA node
