MCB 150 - Exam 3 Questions with
Answers Graded A+
why is dna replication the most reliable - CORRECT ANSWER-mistakes in rep.
lead to alterations in nucleotide seq in DNA and alterations passed on to daughter
cells when cell divides
somatic mutations - CORRECT ANSWER-passed to daughter cells in area
germ-line mutations - CORRECT ANSWER-passed to new organism
why are mistakes in transcription/translation not as critical - CORRECT
ANSWER-many copies of rna produced and rnas not heritable over multiple gens
gene+ meaning - CORRECT ANSWER-WT
gene- meaning - CORRECT ANSWER-mutated
how can dna seq be changed - CORRECT ANSWER-- uncorrected mistakes in
rep
- chemical mutagens
- high-intensity radiation
,what is the freq of mutations that end up in e.coli - CORRECT ANSWER-.04
mutations/cell division
what seq does dna get methylated after rep in e.coli - CORRECT ANSWER-5'-
GATC-3'
which mismatch repair cuts nonmethylated strand in e.coli - CORRECT
ANSWER-MutH
what types of point mutations r there - CORRECT ANSWER-frameshift and base
substitution
what are the results of base substitution - CORRECT ANSWER-same sense,
missense, nonsense
what are the types of chromosomal-lvl mutations - CORRECT ANSWER-
insertion/deletion, translocation, duplication, inversion
what happens in missense mutations - CORRECT ANSWER-depends, if the AA
is not critical in the folding or function of protein or AA has similar functions then
the protein retains some of its function. if AA is critical, protein = inactive
sickle cell anemia - CORRECT ANSWER-beta-globin subunit is defective from
single BP substitution
PKU - CORRECT ANSWER-single AA change
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, frameshift of addition or removal of small # of bases not divisible by 3 -
CORRECT ANSWER-disrupts normal reading form
removal of 3 bases - CORRECT ANSWER-loss of one AA, rest of protein
unaffected. can be a big deal (ex:cystic fibrosis)
duplication chromosomal mutation - CORRECT ANSWER-many oncogenes are
activated and become cancers through duplications
inversion chromosomal mutation - CORRECT ANSWER-If inversions don't
involve the loss of DNA, they are oftensilent, but have been known to cause
infertility
translocation chromosomal mutation - CORRECT ANSWER-some lymphomas
and leukemias caused by translocations
ames test - CORRECT ANSWER-Test in which special strains of bacteria are used
to see if an agent is a mutagen or not
lederbergs - CORRECT ANSWER-used replica plating to show that mutations are
random events
cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWER-system of protein fibers of various sizes;
provides physical support or allows for mvmt
g actin - CORRECT ANSWER-- 43 kda protein and 375 AA
- has polarity
- highly conserved
Answers Graded A+
why is dna replication the most reliable - CORRECT ANSWER-mistakes in rep.
lead to alterations in nucleotide seq in DNA and alterations passed on to daughter
cells when cell divides
somatic mutations - CORRECT ANSWER-passed to daughter cells in area
germ-line mutations - CORRECT ANSWER-passed to new organism
why are mistakes in transcription/translation not as critical - CORRECT
ANSWER-many copies of rna produced and rnas not heritable over multiple gens
gene+ meaning - CORRECT ANSWER-WT
gene- meaning - CORRECT ANSWER-mutated
how can dna seq be changed - CORRECT ANSWER-- uncorrected mistakes in
rep
- chemical mutagens
- high-intensity radiation
,what is the freq of mutations that end up in e.coli - CORRECT ANSWER-.04
mutations/cell division
what seq does dna get methylated after rep in e.coli - CORRECT ANSWER-5'-
GATC-3'
which mismatch repair cuts nonmethylated strand in e.coli - CORRECT
ANSWER-MutH
what types of point mutations r there - CORRECT ANSWER-frameshift and base
substitution
what are the results of base substitution - CORRECT ANSWER-same sense,
missense, nonsense
what are the types of chromosomal-lvl mutations - CORRECT ANSWER-
insertion/deletion, translocation, duplication, inversion
what happens in missense mutations - CORRECT ANSWER-depends, if the AA
is not critical in the folding or function of protein or AA has similar functions then
the protein retains some of its function. if AA is critical, protein = inactive
sickle cell anemia - CORRECT ANSWER-beta-globin subunit is defective from
single BP substitution
PKU - CORRECT ANSWER-single AA change
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, frameshift of addition or removal of small # of bases not divisible by 3 -
CORRECT ANSWER-disrupts normal reading form
removal of 3 bases - CORRECT ANSWER-loss of one AA, rest of protein
unaffected. can be a big deal (ex:cystic fibrosis)
duplication chromosomal mutation - CORRECT ANSWER-many oncogenes are
activated and become cancers through duplications
inversion chromosomal mutation - CORRECT ANSWER-If inversions don't
involve the loss of DNA, they are oftensilent, but have been known to cause
infertility
translocation chromosomal mutation - CORRECT ANSWER-some lymphomas
and leukemias caused by translocations
ames test - CORRECT ANSWER-Test in which special strains of bacteria are used
to see if an agent is a mutagen or not
lederbergs - CORRECT ANSWER-used replica plating to show that mutations are
random events
cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWER-system of protein fibers of various sizes;
provides physical support or allows for mvmt
g actin - CORRECT ANSWER-- 43 kda protein and 375 AA
- has polarity
- highly conserved
