Criminology Unit 3 AC 1.2
Databases - Answer - Hold information on suspects, witnesses, crimes,
informants and
other relevant
information.
Police National Computer - Answer - PNC us used to help investigations and
share information of both national and local security. Makes critical missions
easier for the police, UK enforcement agencies and other criminal justice
agencies throughout the UK. PNC also provided real time data on people,
vehicles, crimes and properties and well as alerts such as: missing people,
stolen objects or vehicles as well as vehicles requiring discreet checks.
PNC Effectiveness: Effective - Answer - Provides useful information when
investigating
crimes. Has links to European databases to allowing sharing of info
internationally.
Provides real time checks on vehicles, properties and people as well
as crimes.
PNC Effectiveness: Not Effective - Answer - Database does not show
photos. Basic
information. Generally not used as often anymore.Police often have to guess
whether a
person is the suspect they are looking for based upon the description of
the suspect.
Police National Database - Answer - Available to all UK police forces and
selected law enforcement agencies. This allows different organisations to
share the information they have on a specific suspect. Contains 3.5 billion
records. 20 Million records added every month. 222 databases. 4000 users.
This database specializes in safeguarding children and vulnerable people,
countering terrorism and prevents organised crime.
PND Usefulness: Useful - Answer - Allows sharing of information between
forces.
Handles billions of records and images. Can help prevent and identify
different crimes.
Includes allegations as well as number of convictions.
PND Usefulness: Not Useful - Answer - Separate Database to
Police National
Computer. Supposed to be
replaced in 2020.
PNC AND PND - Answer - PNC and PND are supposed to merge
together to form Law
Enforcement Data
Service.
Criminology Unit 3 AC 1.2
, National DNA Database - Answer - Created in 1995. Individual
samples obtained and
stored in a computer. Connects
individuals to crimes.
DNA Database Usefulness: Useful - Answer - Can lead police to
certain suspects. DNA
records are kept for comparison. Technology
improvement.
DNA Database Usefulness: Not Useful - Answer - Human rights and
privacy means that
suspects who are not convicted have their DNA destroyed.
There is a risk of data
abuse. Contamination of evidence is
still possible.
Fingerprint Analysis - Answer - Fingerprints are the ridges, whorls
and valley patterns at
the end of each finger. No two people have the same fingerprints.
Everyone's fingerprint
is unique. There is a one in 64 billion chance that two people
will have the same
fingerprints. Can be found on any hard surface including
the human body.
Visible (Patent Prints) - Answer - Visible prints are formed when
blood, dirt, ink, or paint
is transferred from finger to surface. Patent prints found on wide
variety of surfaces.
Paper, cloth, wood, metal, glass
and plastic.
Invisible Prints (Latent Prints) - Answer - Formed when a body's natural oils
are deposited onto another surface. Found on a variety of surfaces however
they are not as visible and are a lot harder to find.Requires the use of
fingerprint powders, or chemical reagents to find these prints.The smoother
the surface, the greater the chance of finding the prints.
Comparing Fingerprints - Answer - Fingerprint examiners use small
magnifiers called
loupes to view finite details of a print. A pointer called a ridge counter is
used to count
the friction
ridges.
Fingerprint Analysis: Useful - Answer - Fingerprints are reliable because two
people cannot have the same prints. Bio metric scanners are useful for
security. Excludes people from investigations if their prints were not at the
crime scene. Not expensive to collect fingerprints.
Fingerprint Analysis: Not Useful - Answer - There may be problems with
fingerprint analysis. For example, if someone wears gloves, it will be harder
to collect their fingerprints. Biometric systems for phones and computers are
expensive to create and maintain. Need 2 samples of a fingerprint to get a
Criminology Unit 3 AC 1.2
Databases - Answer - Hold information on suspects, witnesses, crimes,
informants and
other relevant
information.
Police National Computer - Answer - PNC us used to help investigations and
share information of both national and local security. Makes critical missions
easier for the police, UK enforcement agencies and other criminal justice
agencies throughout the UK. PNC also provided real time data on people,
vehicles, crimes and properties and well as alerts such as: missing people,
stolen objects or vehicles as well as vehicles requiring discreet checks.
PNC Effectiveness: Effective - Answer - Provides useful information when
investigating
crimes. Has links to European databases to allowing sharing of info
internationally.
Provides real time checks on vehicles, properties and people as well
as crimes.
PNC Effectiveness: Not Effective - Answer - Database does not show
photos. Basic
information. Generally not used as often anymore.Police often have to guess
whether a
person is the suspect they are looking for based upon the description of
the suspect.
Police National Database - Answer - Available to all UK police forces and
selected law enforcement agencies. This allows different organisations to
share the information they have on a specific suspect. Contains 3.5 billion
records. 20 Million records added every month. 222 databases. 4000 users.
This database specializes in safeguarding children and vulnerable people,
countering terrorism and prevents organised crime.
PND Usefulness: Useful - Answer - Allows sharing of information between
forces.
Handles billions of records and images. Can help prevent and identify
different crimes.
Includes allegations as well as number of convictions.
PND Usefulness: Not Useful - Answer - Separate Database to
Police National
Computer. Supposed to be
replaced in 2020.
PNC AND PND - Answer - PNC and PND are supposed to merge
together to form Law
Enforcement Data
Service.
Criminology Unit 3 AC 1.2
, National DNA Database - Answer - Created in 1995. Individual
samples obtained and
stored in a computer. Connects
individuals to crimes.
DNA Database Usefulness: Useful - Answer - Can lead police to
certain suspects. DNA
records are kept for comparison. Technology
improvement.
DNA Database Usefulness: Not Useful - Answer - Human rights and
privacy means that
suspects who are not convicted have their DNA destroyed.
There is a risk of data
abuse. Contamination of evidence is
still possible.
Fingerprint Analysis - Answer - Fingerprints are the ridges, whorls
and valley patterns at
the end of each finger. No two people have the same fingerprints.
Everyone's fingerprint
is unique. There is a one in 64 billion chance that two people
will have the same
fingerprints. Can be found on any hard surface including
the human body.
Visible (Patent Prints) - Answer - Visible prints are formed when
blood, dirt, ink, or paint
is transferred from finger to surface. Patent prints found on wide
variety of surfaces.
Paper, cloth, wood, metal, glass
and plastic.
Invisible Prints (Latent Prints) - Answer - Formed when a body's natural oils
are deposited onto another surface. Found on a variety of surfaces however
they are not as visible and are a lot harder to find.Requires the use of
fingerprint powders, or chemical reagents to find these prints.The smoother
the surface, the greater the chance of finding the prints.
Comparing Fingerprints - Answer - Fingerprint examiners use small
magnifiers called
loupes to view finite details of a print. A pointer called a ridge counter is
used to count
the friction
ridges.
Fingerprint Analysis: Useful - Answer - Fingerprints are reliable because two
people cannot have the same prints. Bio metric scanners are useful for
security. Excludes people from investigations if their prints were not at the
crime scene. Not expensive to collect fingerprints.
Fingerprint Analysis: Not Useful - Answer - There may be problems with
fingerprint analysis. For example, if someone wears gloves, it will be harder
to collect their fingerprints. Biometric systems for phones and computers are
expensive to create and maintain. Need 2 samples of a fingerprint to get a
Criminology Unit 3 AC 1.2
