NR 566 Midterm Exam Study Guide | 2026 Advanced Nursing
Prep
1. Pharmacokinetics refers to:
A. Drug–receptor interaction
B. What the drug does to the body
C. What the body does to the drug
D. Therapeutic index
✅ Answer: C
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics includes absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
2. First-pass metabolism occurs primarily in the:
A. Kidney
B. Lungs
C. Liver
D. Stomach
✅ Answer: C
Rationale: The liver metabolizes drugs before systemic circulation.
3. Bioavailability is best defined as:
A. Drug half-life
B. Fraction of administered drug reaching circulation
C. Drug potency
D. Renal clearance
✅ Answer: B
4. IV medications have a bioavailability of:
A. 50%
B. 75%
C. 90%
D. 100%
✅ Answer: D
,5. Half-life is the time required for:
A. Drug onset
B. Drug elimination
C. Plasma drug concentration to decrease by 50%
D. Drug absorption
✅ Answer: C
6. Drugs that are highly protein-bound:
A. Are rapidly eliminated
B. Have shorter duration
C. Have longer duration
D. Are inactive
✅ Answer: C
7. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are primarily responsible for:
A. Drug excretion
B. Drug absorption
C. Drug metabolism
D. Drug binding
✅ Answer: C
8. Enzyme inhibitors cause drug levels to:
A. Decrease
B. Remain unchanged
C. Increase
D. Become inactive
✅ Answer: C
9. A drug with a narrow therapeutic index requires:
A. No monitoring
B. High doses
, C. Careful monitoring
D. PRN dosing
✅ Answer: C
10. Pharmacodynamics focuses on:
A. Drug elimination
B. Drug absorption
C. Drug–receptor interactions
D. Drug storage
✅ Answer: C
SECTION 2: AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
11. Beta-1 receptor stimulation causes:
A. Bronchodilation
B. Vasoconstriction
C. Increased heart rate
D. Decreased contractility
✅ Answer: C
12. Beta-2 receptor activation results in:
A. Bradycardia
B. Bronchodilation
C. Vasoconstriction
D. Increased GI motility
✅ Answer: B
13. Alpha-1 receptor stimulation leads to:
A. Vasodilation
B. Vasoconstriction
C. Bronchodilation
D. Decreased BP
Prep
1. Pharmacokinetics refers to:
A. Drug–receptor interaction
B. What the drug does to the body
C. What the body does to the drug
D. Therapeutic index
✅ Answer: C
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics includes absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
2. First-pass metabolism occurs primarily in the:
A. Kidney
B. Lungs
C. Liver
D. Stomach
✅ Answer: C
Rationale: The liver metabolizes drugs before systemic circulation.
3. Bioavailability is best defined as:
A. Drug half-life
B. Fraction of administered drug reaching circulation
C. Drug potency
D. Renal clearance
✅ Answer: B
4. IV medications have a bioavailability of:
A. 50%
B. 75%
C. 90%
D. 100%
✅ Answer: D
,5. Half-life is the time required for:
A. Drug onset
B. Drug elimination
C. Plasma drug concentration to decrease by 50%
D. Drug absorption
✅ Answer: C
6. Drugs that are highly protein-bound:
A. Are rapidly eliminated
B. Have shorter duration
C. Have longer duration
D. Are inactive
✅ Answer: C
7. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are primarily responsible for:
A. Drug excretion
B. Drug absorption
C. Drug metabolism
D. Drug binding
✅ Answer: C
8. Enzyme inhibitors cause drug levels to:
A. Decrease
B. Remain unchanged
C. Increase
D. Become inactive
✅ Answer: C
9. A drug with a narrow therapeutic index requires:
A. No monitoring
B. High doses
, C. Careful monitoring
D. PRN dosing
✅ Answer: C
10. Pharmacodynamics focuses on:
A. Drug elimination
B. Drug absorption
C. Drug–receptor interactions
D. Drug storage
✅ Answer: C
SECTION 2: AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
11. Beta-1 receptor stimulation causes:
A. Bronchodilation
B. Vasoconstriction
C. Increased heart rate
D. Decreased contractility
✅ Answer: C
12. Beta-2 receptor activation results in:
A. Bradycardia
B. Bronchodilation
C. Vasoconstriction
D. Increased GI motility
✅ Answer: B
13. Alpha-1 receptor stimulation leads to:
A. Vasodilation
B. Vasoconstriction
C. Bronchodilation
D. Decreased BP
