SCI-220 HUMAN ANATOMY 2026 TEST PAPER EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔1. Do on-camera flash heads point directly at the subject? Why or why not? - ✔✔No
because it can create a hot spot on the evidence.
✔✔1. How close can you be to the subject for most on-camera flash heads? What
happens to the photos if you are closer than this? - ✔✔The rule of thumb is if you are
closer than 5 feet, the flash should be removed from the cameras hot-shoe so it should
not cause a hot spot.
✔✔1. How should the flash unit be oriented for best lighting? - ✔✔They should be no
closer than 2 feet away fron the evidence. It should also be held horizontally
✔✔1. How would you obtain a +1 exposure in manual flash mode? - ✔✔You would
change the f/stop to f/11, changing the ISO to 200. This can also be achieved by
changing the intensity of the flash output.
✔✔1. How would you obtain a -1 exposure in manual flash mode? - ✔✔F/stop would be
changed to f/22, and iso to 50.
✔✔1. How does automatic flash work? - ✔✔It works by the flash fireing and lighting
strikes the subject and then bounces back through the lens.
✔✔1. Why is the dedicated flash mode better at producing the correct exposure than
automatic? - ✔✔It is better because this mode can conserve the flash power and not
consume it all when the flash goes off
✔✔1. If taking oblique lighting photos, would it be better to use automatic or dedicated
flash modes? - ✔✔It would be better to use a dedicatd flash mode.
✔✔1. Why are built-in flash units not as effective as other flash units? - ✔✔Because
they have low GNs. This means it can only cater to 10 feet in distance.
✔✔1. In what scenarios or conditions would you use fill-in flash. - ✔✔You would use fill-
in flash when part of your crime scene is lit with the wrong lighting
✔✔1. Describe how fill-in flash is done? - ✔✔We would take a meter that would help us
determine the camera settings we would use in order to get the perfect pictures.
✔✔1. How does oblique lighting help visualize the details of impression evidence? -
✔✔The light helps to detail all cracks and crevices of evidence by filling them in causing
it to wash out the 3D detail of the evidence.
, ✔✔1. What is a negative to using oblique lighting? How can this be reduced? -
✔✔When using the flash, it can cause hard shadows and will have to use a bounce
card in order to get a soft shadow instead.
✔✔1. Describe the process of documenting a show impression using oblique lighting. -
✔✔We would use a tripod and make sure that it is directly over the impression of the
shoe. We would then take one picute of the impression without the scale and then
another with the scale. The scale would have to be in the same depth of the impression.
✔✔1. What is Snow Print Wax? Why is it used? - ✔✔Snow print allows you to cast a
mold of the shoe impression. We use it to help add contrast and show detail to the
impression.
✔✔1. How many feet of a tire track should be photographed? Why? - ✔✔We should
photograph tire impressions about 8 feet away from the whole tire. This will help with
getting the whole tire.
✔✔1. Why are bitemark impressions sometimes difficult to photograph? - ✔✔They are
difficult to photograph because the area of the skin is usually at a curve, causing to
have to take two separate photos on each set of bite the top and bottom.
✔✔1. How are dust prints different than impressions? Why is oblique lighting effective at
capturing the details of dust prints? - ✔✔Oblique lighting helps dust prints highlight the
dust as well as by enhancing the dust when the print is lifted. They are different that
impressions because they are no longer 3D
✔✔1. When do you utilize bounce flash? - ✔✔We would use this when there is a mirror
present that is causing a reflection of the light.
✔✔1. How does bounce flash work? Describe how to take a photo using bounch flash
and achieving proper exposure. - ✔✔The bounce flash eliminates the distracting
reflection cause by either a metallic surface or a mirror. In the rule of thumb, if the
subject is 9 feet or fartherm we may need to use an aperature of f/5.6 or wider. The ISO
shold be bumped anywhere from 400 to 800.
✔✔1. What kind of scenes/situations would require painting with light? - ✔✔We would
use this when a scene is longer than 60 feet and an apature of f/2 would give a minimal
DOF
✔✔1. Describe how to paint with light. Compare and contrast the two techniques
discussed in the book. - ✔✔The book states that we should paint with light from one
side. This means we can only photograph the crime scene from one side instead of two.
We would have to change the settings on our camera. Since we photograph from one
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔1. Do on-camera flash heads point directly at the subject? Why or why not? - ✔✔No
because it can create a hot spot on the evidence.
✔✔1. How close can you be to the subject for most on-camera flash heads? What
happens to the photos if you are closer than this? - ✔✔The rule of thumb is if you are
closer than 5 feet, the flash should be removed from the cameras hot-shoe so it should
not cause a hot spot.
✔✔1. How should the flash unit be oriented for best lighting? - ✔✔They should be no
closer than 2 feet away fron the evidence. It should also be held horizontally
✔✔1. How would you obtain a +1 exposure in manual flash mode? - ✔✔You would
change the f/stop to f/11, changing the ISO to 200. This can also be achieved by
changing the intensity of the flash output.
✔✔1. How would you obtain a -1 exposure in manual flash mode? - ✔✔F/stop would be
changed to f/22, and iso to 50.
✔✔1. How does automatic flash work? - ✔✔It works by the flash fireing and lighting
strikes the subject and then bounces back through the lens.
✔✔1. Why is the dedicated flash mode better at producing the correct exposure than
automatic? - ✔✔It is better because this mode can conserve the flash power and not
consume it all when the flash goes off
✔✔1. If taking oblique lighting photos, would it be better to use automatic or dedicated
flash modes? - ✔✔It would be better to use a dedicatd flash mode.
✔✔1. Why are built-in flash units not as effective as other flash units? - ✔✔Because
they have low GNs. This means it can only cater to 10 feet in distance.
✔✔1. In what scenarios or conditions would you use fill-in flash. - ✔✔You would use fill-
in flash when part of your crime scene is lit with the wrong lighting
✔✔1. Describe how fill-in flash is done? - ✔✔We would take a meter that would help us
determine the camera settings we would use in order to get the perfect pictures.
✔✔1. How does oblique lighting help visualize the details of impression evidence? -
✔✔The light helps to detail all cracks and crevices of evidence by filling them in causing
it to wash out the 3D detail of the evidence.
, ✔✔1. What is a negative to using oblique lighting? How can this be reduced? -
✔✔When using the flash, it can cause hard shadows and will have to use a bounce
card in order to get a soft shadow instead.
✔✔1. Describe the process of documenting a show impression using oblique lighting. -
✔✔We would use a tripod and make sure that it is directly over the impression of the
shoe. We would then take one picute of the impression without the scale and then
another with the scale. The scale would have to be in the same depth of the impression.
✔✔1. What is Snow Print Wax? Why is it used? - ✔✔Snow print allows you to cast a
mold of the shoe impression. We use it to help add contrast and show detail to the
impression.
✔✔1. How many feet of a tire track should be photographed? Why? - ✔✔We should
photograph tire impressions about 8 feet away from the whole tire. This will help with
getting the whole tire.
✔✔1. Why are bitemark impressions sometimes difficult to photograph? - ✔✔They are
difficult to photograph because the area of the skin is usually at a curve, causing to
have to take two separate photos on each set of bite the top and bottom.
✔✔1. How are dust prints different than impressions? Why is oblique lighting effective at
capturing the details of dust prints? - ✔✔Oblique lighting helps dust prints highlight the
dust as well as by enhancing the dust when the print is lifted. They are different that
impressions because they are no longer 3D
✔✔1. When do you utilize bounce flash? - ✔✔We would use this when there is a mirror
present that is causing a reflection of the light.
✔✔1. How does bounce flash work? Describe how to take a photo using bounch flash
and achieving proper exposure. - ✔✔The bounce flash eliminates the distracting
reflection cause by either a metallic surface or a mirror. In the rule of thumb, if the
subject is 9 feet or fartherm we may need to use an aperature of f/5.6 or wider. The ISO
shold be bumped anywhere from 400 to 800.
✔✔1. What kind of scenes/situations would require painting with light? - ✔✔We would
use this when a scene is longer than 60 feet and an apature of f/2 would give a minimal
DOF
✔✔1. Describe how to paint with light. Compare and contrast the two techniques
discussed in the book. - ✔✔The book states that we should paint with light from one
side. This means we can only photograph the crime scene from one side instead of two.
We would have to change the settings on our camera. Since we photograph from one
