CIEMT EMT UPDATED EXAM SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Duty to Act - ✔✔Legal duty to act begins
1. Once ambulance responds to a call
2. Treatment is initiated
- To deny care is considered abandonment or breach of duty
- May be considered negligent
✔✔Hazardous Materials - ✔✔- NEVER approach an object marked with placards
PLACARDS
- Use binoculars to see placards from a SAFE DISTANCE
✔✔Violent Situations - ✔✔1. Civil disturbances
2. Domestic Dispute
3. Crime Scenes
4. Large gatherings
✔✔Types of Laws - ✔✔Constitutional = basic laws
Common = case law/judge-made laws
Legislative = statutory law
Administrative = regulatory law
✔✔What legal categories can an EMT be sued for? - ✔✔1. Criminal
2. Civil
3. Tort (negligence)
✔✔Scope of Practice (what you can do) - ✔✔DEFINED BY STATE LAW ; further
authorized by protocols
✔✔Standards of Care - ✔✔Based on how a reasonable prudent person w/ similar
training and experience would act under similar circumstances
Based on locally accepted protocols
✔✔American Red Cross (AHA) - ✔✔Influences recommendations published by
organizations and societies
✔✔Medical Practices Act (Malpractice Lawsuits) - ✔✔EMT exempt from licensure and
CANNOT be sued for malpractice
EMT are CERTIFIED and NOT licensed!
✔✔Negligence - ✔✔All FOUR must exist for negligence to exist
, 1. Duty to Act
2. Breech of Duty
3. Damages
4. Proximal Cause
✔✔Gross Negligence - ✔✔Conduct that constitutes willful or reckless disregard
✔✔Abandonment - ✔✔Termination of care without provision for continued care by you
or someone with an equal or higher level of training
✔✔Types of Consent - ✔✔Expressed Consent (Actual) = must be informed
Implied Consent = limited true emergency when patient is...
1. Unconscious
2. Delusional
3. Altered as a result of drugs/alcohol
4. Emancipated minor
Involuntary Consent....
1. Mentally ill
2. Patient in behavioral crisis
3. Developmentally delayed
✔✔Forcible Restraints - ✔✔1. Law Enforcement (5150 Hold)
2. Authorization required
✔✔Emancipated Minors - ✔✔Considered adults when...
1. Married
2. Pregnant
3. Living independently
✔✔Assault, Battery, & Kidnapping - ✔✔Assault = placing person in fear of immediate
bodily harm (EX: taunting... do not be an ass)
Battery = unlawfully TOUCHING a person
Kidnapping = seizing, confining, abducting, or carrying away by force
✔✔Refusal of Treatment - ✔✔Patient must be informed of...
1. Risks
2. Benefits
3. Treatments
4. Alternatives
Follow this order...
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Duty to Act - ✔✔Legal duty to act begins
1. Once ambulance responds to a call
2. Treatment is initiated
- To deny care is considered abandonment or breach of duty
- May be considered negligent
✔✔Hazardous Materials - ✔✔- NEVER approach an object marked with placards
PLACARDS
- Use binoculars to see placards from a SAFE DISTANCE
✔✔Violent Situations - ✔✔1. Civil disturbances
2. Domestic Dispute
3. Crime Scenes
4. Large gatherings
✔✔Types of Laws - ✔✔Constitutional = basic laws
Common = case law/judge-made laws
Legislative = statutory law
Administrative = regulatory law
✔✔What legal categories can an EMT be sued for? - ✔✔1. Criminal
2. Civil
3. Tort (negligence)
✔✔Scope of Practice (what you can do) - ✔✔DEFINED BY STATE LAW ; further
authorized by protocols
✔✔Standards of Care - ✔✔Based on how a reasonable prudent person w/ similar
training and experience would act under similar circumstances
Based on locally accepted protocols
✔✔American Red Cross (AHA) - ✔✔Influences recommendations published by
organizations and societies
✔✔Medical Practices Act (Malpractice Lawsuits) - ✔✔EMT exempt from licensure and
CANNOT be sued for malpractice
EMT are CERTIFIED and NOT licensed!
✔✔Negligence - ✔✔All FOUR must exist for negligence to exist
, 1. Duty to Act
2. Breech of Duty
3. Damages
4. Proximal Cause
✔✔Gross Negligence - ✔✔Conduct that constitutes willful or reckless disregard
✔✔Abandonment - ✔✔Termination of care without provision for continued care by you
or someone with an equal or higher level of training
✔✔Types of Consent - ✔✔Expressed Consent (Actual) = must be informed
Implied Consent = limited true emergency when patient is...
1. Unconscious
2. Delusional
3. Altered as a result of drugs/alcohol
4. Emancipated minor
Involuntary Consent....
1. Mentally ill
2. Patient in behavioral crisis
3. Developmentally delayed
✔✔Forcible Restraints - ✔✔1. Law Enforcement (5150 Hold)
2. Authorization required
✔✔Emancipated Minors - ✔✔Considered adults when...
1. Married
2. Pregnant
3. Living independently
✔✔Assault, Battery, & Kidnapping - ✔✔Assault = placing person in fear of immediate
bodily harm (EX: taunting... do not be an ass)
Battery = unlawfully TOUCHING a person
Kidnapping = seizing, confining, abducting, or carrying away by force
✔✔Refusal of Treatment - ✔✔Patient must be informed of...
1. Risks
2. Benefits
3. Treatments
4. Alternatives
Follow this order...
