AQA GCSE Biology - Paper 1/8464/P/1H Physics
Paper 1H Mark scheme June 2023
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Terms in this set (251)
What does a nucleus do? It contains genetic material and controls the
activities of the cell
What does cytoplasm do? It's a gel-like substance where most of the chemical
reactions happen. It contains enzymes that control
these chemical reactions
What does a cell membrane do? It holds the cell together and controls what goes in
and out
What do mitochondria do? These are where most of the reactions for aerobic
respiration occur. Respiration transfers energy that
the cell needs to work
What do ribosomes do? This is where protein synthesis takes place - where
proteins are made in the cell
What do cell walls do? They are made of cellulose and they support and
strengthen the cell
What does a vacuole do? It contains cell sap and helps maintain the shape of
the cell
,What do chloroplasts do? This is where photosynthesis occurs, which makes
food for the plant. They contain chlorophyll - a
green pigment - which absorbs light needed for
photosynthesis
What do bacterial cells contain? Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, flagella,
ribosomes, mitochondria, slime capsule, plasmids
(small rings of DNA) and a single circular strand of
DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm
What do bacterial cells NOT A nucleus
contain?
What is the equation for Image size divided by actual size
magnification?
What is differentiation? The process by which a cell changes to become
specialised for its job
What are undifferentiated cells Stem cells
called?
What are sperm cells specialised for Reproduction - they transport the male DNA to the
and how are they specialised? female DNA
-It has a flagella and a streamlined head to help it
swim towards the egg
-There are lots of mitochondria in the cell to
provide the energy needed
-It carries enzymes in its head to help digest
through the egg cell membranes
, What are nerve cells specialised for Rapid signalling - they carry electrical signals from
and how are they specialised? one part of the body to another
-They are long to cover more distance
-They have branched connections at their ends to
connect to other nerve cells and form a network
throughout the body
What are muscle cells specialised for Contraction - they need to contract quickly
and how are they specialised? -They are long so they have space to contract
-They contain lots of mitochondria to generate the
energy needed for contraction
What are root hair cells specialised Absorbing water and minerals
for and how are they specialised? -They are cells on the surface of plant roots which
grow into long hairs that stick out into the soil
-They have a large surface area for absorbing
water and mineral ions from the soil
What are chromosomes? Coiled up lengths of DNA molecules that are found
in the nuclei
What do multicellular organisms use To grow or replace cells that have been damaged
mitosis for?
What are stem cells? They are undifferentiated cells that divide to
produce lots more undifferentiated cells. They then
differentiate into different types of cell
Where are stem cells found? In early human embryos or the bone marrow of
adults
Paper 1H Mark scheme June 2023
Save
Terms in this set (251)
What does a nucleus do? It contains genetic material and controls the
activities of the cell
What does cytoplasm do? It's a gel-like substance where most of the chemical
reactions happen. It contains enzymes that control
these chemical reactions
What does a cell membrane do? It holds the cell together and controls what goes in
and out
What do mitochondria do? These are where most of the reactions for aerobic
respiration occur. Respiration transfers energy that
the cell needs to work
What do ribosomes do? This is where protein synthesis takes place - where
proteins are made in the cell
What do cell walls do? They are made of cellulose and they support and
strengthen the cell
What does a vacuole do? It contains cell sap and helps maintain the shape of
the cell
,What do chloroplasts do? This is where photosynthesis occurs, which makes
food for the plant. They contain chlorophyll - a
green pigment - which absorbs light needed for
photosynthesis
What do bacterial cells contain? Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, flagella,
ribosomes, mitochondria, slime capsule, plasmids
(small rings of DNA) and a single circular strand of
DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm
What do bacterial cells NOT A nucleus
contain?
What is the equation for Image size divided by actual size
magnification?
What is differentiation? The process by which a cell changes to become
specialised for its job
What are undifferentiated cells Stem cells
called?
What are sperm cells specialised for Reproduction - they transport the male DNA to the
and how are they specialised? female DNA
-It has a flagella and a streamlined head to help it
swim towards the egg
-There are lots of mitochondria in the cell to
provide the energy needed
-It carries enzymes in its head to help digest
through the egg cell membranes
, What are nerve cells specialised for Rapid signalling - they carry electrical signals from
and how are they specialised? one part of the body to another
-They are long to cover more distance
-They have branched connections at their ends to
connect to other nerve cells and form a network
throughout the body
What are muscle cells specialised for Contraction - they need to contract quickly
and how are they specialised? -They are long so they have space to contract
-They contain lots of mitochondria to generate the
energy needed for contraction
What are root hair cells specialised Absorbing water and minerals
for and how are they specialised? -They are cells on the surface of plant roots which
grow into long hairs that stick out into the soil
-They have a large surface area for absorbing
water and mineral ions from the soil
What are chromosomes? Coiled up lengths of DNA molecules that are found
in the nuclei
What do multicellular organisms use To grow or replace cells that have been damaged
mitosis for?
What are stem cells? They are undifferentiated cells that divide to
produce lots more undifferentiated cells. They then
differentiate into different types of cell
Where are stem cells found? In early human embryos or the bone marrow of
adults
