,QUESTION: In which patient population is metformin contraindicated?
A) Diabetics with HbA1c < 7.0%
B) Patients older than 50 years
C) Alcoholics
D) Women suffering from infertility
ANSWER: C) Alcoholics
QUESTION: Which laboratory value suggests that metformin may be contraindicated?
A) eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²
B) Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
C) WBC 7.8 ×10³/µL
D) BUN 17 mg/dL
ANSWER: A) eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²
QUESTION: Which medication is contraindicated for treating diabetes in a patient with a
cardiac ejection fraction of 40%?
A) Second-generation sulfonylureas
B) Thiazolidinediones
C) Dopamine agonists
D) Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
ANSWER: B) Thiazolidinediones
QUESTION: A 35-year-old female presents with weight loss, anxiety, palpitations, heat
intolerance, insomnia, tachycardia, and an enlarged thyroid. Laboratory testing confirms Graves’
,disease. What is the first-line treatment?
A) Methimazole
B) Metoprolol
C) Allopurinol
D) Levothyroxine
ANSWER: A) Methimazole
QUESTION: Which medication is considered first-line therapy for a newly diagnosed type 2
diabetic patient with adequate renal and hepatic function?
A) Sliding-scale insulin (NovoLog)
B) Liraglutide (Victoza)
C) Oral metformin
D) Glipizide
ANSWER: C) Oral metformin
QUESTION: Which of the following medications is most likely to cause hypoglycemia?
A) Metformin
B) Insulin
C) Incretin mimetics
D) Thiazolidinediones
ANSWER: B) Insulin
QUESTION: Which symptoms are most consistent with hypothyroidism?
A) Shortness of breath, wheezing, fatigue
B) Tachycardia, insomnia, weight loss, goiter
C) Irritability, anxiety, dizziness, increased sweating
D) Dry pale skin, brittle hair, fatigue, myxedema
ANSWER: D) Dry pale skin, brittle hair, fatigue, myxedema
, QUESTION: Patients with an increased risk for urinary tract infections and genital infections
should avoid which class of diabetes medications?
A) Thiazolidinediones (glitazones)
B) Biguanides
C) Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors
D) All of the above
ANSWER: C) Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors
QUESTION: Which statement correctly describes metformin’s mechanism of action?
A) It stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas
B) It lowers glucose primarily by increasing insulin release
C) It commonly causes hypoglycemia
D) It improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production
ANSWER: D) It improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production
QUESTION: In what part of the body are SGLT-2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2) inhibitors
active?
A) Small intestine
B) Pancreas
C) Renal tubules
D) Stomach
ANSWER: C) Renal tubules
QUESTION: Which of the following statements is not true regarding sulfonylureas?
A) Sulfonylureas are safe to prescribe to pregnant or breastfeeding women
B) Patients should be educated about signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia
C) Sulfonylureas cause a dose-dependent reduction in blood glucose
D) Sulfonylureas are indicated only for patients with type 2 diabetes
ANSWER: A) Sulfonylureas are safe to prescribe to pregnant or breastfeeding women
A) Diabetics with HbA1c < 7.0%
B) Patients older than 50 years
C) Alcoholics
D) Women suffering from infertility
ANSWER: C) Alcoholics
QUESTION: Which laboratory value suggests that metformin may be contraindicated?
A) eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²
B) Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
C) WBC 7.8 ×10³/µL
D) BUN 17 mg/dL
ANSWER: A) eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²
QUESTION: Which medication is contraindicated for treating diabetes in a patient with a
cardiac ejection fraction of 40%?
A) Second-generation sulfonylureas
B) Thiazolidinediones
C) Dopamine agonists
D) Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
ANSWER: B) Thiazolidinediones
QUESTION: A 35-year-old female presents with weight loss, anxiety, palpitations, heat
intolerance, insomnia, tachycardia, and an enlarged thyroid. Laboratory testing confirms Graves’
,disease. What is the first-line treatment?
A) Methimazole
B) Metoprolol
C) Allopurinol
D) Levothyroxine
ANSWER: A) Methimazole
QUESTION: Which medication is considered first-line therapy for a newly diagnosed type 2
diabetic patient with adequate renal and hepatic function?
A) Sliding-scale insulin (NovoLog)
B) Liraglutide (Victoza)
C) Oral metformin
D) Glipizide
ANSWER: C) Oral metformin
QUESTION: Which of the following medications is most likely to cause hypoglycemia?
A) Metformin
B) Insulin
C) Incretin mimetics
D) Thiazolidinediones
ANSWER: B) Insulin
QUESTION: Which symptoms are most consistent with hypothyroidism?
A) Shortness of breath, wheezing, fatigue
B) Tachycardia, insomnia, weight loss, goiter
C) Irritability, anxiety, dizziness, increased sweating
D) Dry pale skin, brittle hair, fatigue, myxedema
ANSWER: D) Dry pale skin, brittle hair, fatigue, myxedema
, QUESTION: Patients with an increased risk for urinary tract infections and genital infections
should avoid which class of diabetes medications?
A) Thiazolidinediones (glitazones)
B) Biguanides
C) Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors
D) All of the above
ANSWER: C) Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors
QUESTION: Which statement correctly describes metformin’s mechanism of action?
A) It stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas
B) It lowers glucose primarily by increasing insulin release
C) It commonly causes hypoglycemia
D) It improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production
ANSWER: D) It improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production
QUESTION: In what part of the body are SGLT-2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2) inhibitors
active?
A) Small intestine
B) Pancreas
C) Renal tubules
D) Stomach
ANSWER: C) Renal tubules
QUESTION: Which of the following statements is not true regarding sulfonylureas?
A) Sulfonylureas are safe to prescribe to pregnant or breastfeeding women
B) Patients should be educated about signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia
C) Sulfonylureas cause a dose-dependent reduction in blood glucose
D) Sulfonylureas are indicated only for patients with type 2 diabetes
ANSWER: A) Sulfonylureas are safe to prescribe to pregnant or breastfeeding women
