BIO 321 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
A cell that is transplanted from another part of the embryo that
maintains the cell fate of the cells from its original position is
called _______? - correct answer- autonomously specified
An environmental chemical (one that comes from outside the
developing animal) that causes abnormal development is
called_______? - correct answer- a teratogen
Epidermal skin stem cells reside within the basal layer of the
epidermis, just above the basement membrane and the dermis.
What is the stem cell niche for these particular stem cells? -
correct answer- The basement membrane
From which group of cells are embryonic stem cells derived in
the mammals? - correct answer- Inner cell mass
Genes in the posterior marginal zone that are involved in the
induction of primative streak formation are: - correct answer-
Vg-1 and Wnt
, Gradients of which paracrine signaling factors are most
responsible for anterior-posterior axis formation in the chick? -
correct answer- High posterior expression and low anterior
expression of FGF and Wnts
Induced pluripotent stem cells alleviate some of the logistical
and ethical issues associated with using embryonic stem cells,
and they can be produced by inducing expression of which
transcription factors in adult mouse fibroblast cells with the use
of retroviral vectors? [First discovered by S.Yamanaka's lab in
Japan in 2006 and refined since then] - correct answer-
Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc
Inducing signals can be transmitted in which of the following
ways? (choose the best answer) - correct answer- a.
Secretion of a protein that diffuses across extracellular space to
activate a receptor on a neighboring cell (i.e. paracrine signaling)
b.
Secretion of a protein or other molecule that travels through the
blood to activate any distant cell expressing its receptor (i.e.,
endocrine signaling)
c.
Direct contact of molecules between cells that stimulate
intracellular signaling cascade (i.e., juxtracrine signaling)
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
A cell that is transplanted from another part of the embryo that
maintains the cell fate of the cells from its original position is
called _______? - correct answer- autonomously specified
An environmental chemical (one that comes from outside the
developing animal) that causes abnormal development is
called_______? - correct answer- a teratogen
Epidermal skin stem cells reside within the basal layer of the
epidermis, just above the basement membrane and the dermis.
What is the stem cell niche for these particular stem cells? -
correct answer- The basement membrane
From which group of cells are embryonic stem cells derived in
the mammals? - correct answer- Inner cell mass
Genes in the posterior marginal zone that are involved in the
induction of primative streak formation are: - correct answer-
Vg-1 and Wnt
, Gradients of which paracrine signaling factors are most
responsible for anterior-posterior axis formation in the chick? -
correct answer- High posterior expression and low anterior
expression of FGF and Wnts
Induced pluripotent stem cells alleviate some of the logistical
and ethical issues associated with using embryonic stem cells,
and they can be produced by inducing expression of which
transcription factors in adult mouse fibroblast cells with the use
of retroviral vectors? [First discovered by S.Yamanaka's lab in
Japan in 2006 and refined since then] - correct answer-
Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc
Inducing signals can be transmitted in which of the following
ways? (choose the best answer) - correct answer- a.
Secretion of a protein that diffuses across extracellular space to
activate a receptor on a neighboring cell (i.e. paracrine signaling)
b.
Secretion of a protein or other molecule that travels through the
blood to activate any distant cell expressing its receptor (i.e.,
endocrine signaling)
c.
Direct contact of molecules between cells that stimulate
intracellular signaling cascade (i.e., juxtracrine signaling)
