NU 456 - Exam 2 Questions With Correct
Answers
CBC |Lab |Values
WBC: |4-10.5
RBC: |4-5.4
Hgb: |12-16
Hct: |36-48%
Plt: |150-450
Comprehensive |Metabolic |Panel |Values
Na: |135-145
K: |3.6-5.0
Chloride: |101-111
Glucose: |70-110
BUN: |6-20
Creatinine: |0.6-1.3
Calcium: |8.5-10.5
Alkaline |Phosphatase: |42-121
AST: |10-42
ALT: |10-60
Total |Bilirubin: |0.2-1.0
Total |Protein: |6-8
GFR: |>60
Serum |Osmolality: |275-295
ESR: |0-17 |mm/hr |men
,1-25 |mm/hr |women
A1C: |<5.7%
INR: |1.1 |or |below
PT: |11-12.5 |sec
APTT: |30-45 |sec
CRP: |<1 |low |risk |CAD
Albumin: |3.5-5.0
Folate: |>2.5
B12: |200-900
Arterial |Blood |Gasses |Values
pH: |7.35-7.45
PO2: |80-100
PCO2: |35-45
SaO2: |90-100
HCO3: |22-26
Urine |Lab |Values
pH: |4.5-8.0
Specific |Gravity: |1.005-1.025
Glucose: |Negative
Blood: |Negative
Ketones: |Negative
Nitrates: |Negative
Leukocytes: |Negative
What |is |SIADH?
An |excessive |release |of |antidiuretic |hormone |(ADH) |which |causes |the |patient |to |retain |fluid
Etiology |& |Pathophysiology |of |SIADH
,-Increased |antidiuretic |hormone
-Increased |water |reabsorption |in |the |renal |tubules
-Increased |intravascular |fluid |volume
-Dilutional |hyponatremia |and |decreased |serum |osmolality
What |causes |hypersecretion |of |ADH?
-Malignant |tumors
-Increased |intrathoracic |pressure |(ventilators, |PPV)
-Head |injuries/Brain |Tumors
-Meningitis
-Encephalitis
-Cardiovascular |accident
-Medications |(Phenytoin, |carbamazepine, |alcohol)
-Trauma
-Pain
-Stress
Laboratory |Findings |related |to |SIADH
Urine |(CONCENTRATED)
-Increased |sodium
-Increased |urine |osmolality
Blood |(DILUTED)
-Decreased |serum |sodium
-Decreased |serum |osmolality
-As |serum |volume |↑, |serum |osmolality |↓
Laboratory |values |of |SIADH
-Na+: |<135 |mEq/L
-Serum |Osmolality: |<280 |mOsm/kg
-Urine |Na+: |>20 |mMol/L
-Urine |Osmolality: |>100 |mOsm/L
Hallmark |signs |of |SIADH
Hyponatremia |and |hypo-osmolality |in |presence |is |inappropriately |concentrated |urine
Clinical |Manifestations |of |SIADH
, Early |S/S
-Headache
-Weakness
-Anorexia
-Muscle |wasting
-Weight |gain |w/out |edema
Sodium |Decrease |S/S
-Personality |changes
-Hostility
-Sluggish |deep |tendon |reflexes
-N/V/D
-Oliguria
Excess |Fluid |S/S
-Tachycardia
-Hypertension
-Crackles |in |lungs
-JVD
-Taut |skin
-Intake |greater |than |output
Impending |crisis |signs |in |SIADH
-Confusion
-Lethargy
-Seizures
-Cheyne-stokes |respirations
-Coma
-Death
Medications |used |to |treat |SIADH
Answers
CBC |Lab |Values
WBC: |4-10.5
RBC: |4-5.4
Hgb: |12-16
Hct: |36-48%
Plt: |150-450
Comprehensive |Metabolic |Panel |Values
Na: |135-145
K: |3.6-5.0
Chloride: |101-111
Glucose: |70-110
BUN: |6-20
Creatinine: |0.6-1.3
Calcium: |8.5-10.5
Alkaline |Phosphatase: |42-121
AST: |10-42
ALT: |10-60
Total |Bilirubin: |0.2-1.0
Total |Protein: |6-8
GFR: |>60
Serum |Osmolality: |275-295
ESR: |0-17 |mm/hr |men
,1-25 |mm/hr |women
A1C: |<5.7%
INR: |1.1 |or |below
PT: |11-12.5 |sec
APTT: |30-45 |sec
CRP: |<1 |low |risk |CAD
Albumin: |3.5-5.0
Folate: |>2.5
B12: |200-900
Arterial |Blood |Gasses |Values
pH: |7.35-7.45
PO2: |80-100
PCO2: |35-45
SaO2: |90-100
HCO3: |22-26
Urine |Lab |Values
pH: |4.5-8.0
Specific |Gravity: |1.005-1.025
Glucose: |Negative
Blood: |Negative
Ketones: |Negative
Nitrates: |Negative
Leukocytes: |Negative
What |is |SIADH?
An |excessive |release |of |antidiuretic |hormone |(ADH) |which |causes |the |patient |to |retain |fluid
Etiology |& |Pathophysiology |of |SIADH
,-Increased |antidiuretic |hormone
-Increased |water |reabsorption |in |the |renal |tubules
-Increased |intravascular |fluid |volume
-Dilutional |hyponatremia |and |decreased |serum |osmolality
What |causes |hypersecretion |of |ADH?
-Malignant |tumors
-Increased |intrathoracic |pressure |(ventilators, |PPV)
-Head |injuries/Brain |Tumors
-Meningitis
-Encephalitis
-Cardiovascular |accident
-Medications |(Phenytoin, |carbamazepine, |alcohol)
-Trauma
-Pain
-Stress
Laboratory |Findings |related |to |SIADH
Urine |(CONCENTRATED)
-Increased |sodium
-Increased |urine |osmolality
Blood |(DILUTED)
-Decreased |serum |sodium
-Decreased |serum |osmolality
-As |serum |volume |↑, |serum |osmolality |↓
Laboratory |values |of |SIADH
-Na+: |<135 |mEq/L
-Serum |Osmolality: |<280 |mOsm/kg
-Urine |Na+: |>20 |mMol/L
-Urine |Osmolality: |>100 |mOsm/L
Hallmark |signs |of |SIADH
Hyponatremia |and |hypo-osmolality |in |presence |is |inappropriately |concentrated |urine
Clinical |Manifestations |of |SIADH
, Early |S/S
-Headache
-Weakness
-Anorexia
-Muscle |wasting
-Weight |gain |w/out |edema
Sodium |Decrease |S/S
-Personality |changes
-Hostility
-Sluggish |deep |tendon |reflexes
-N/V/D
-Oliguria
Excess |Fluid |S/S
-Tachycardia
-Hypertension
-Crackles |in |lungs
-JVD
-Taut |skin
-Intake |greater |than |output
Impending |crisis |signs |in |SIADH
-Confusion
-Lethargy
-Seizures
-Cheyne-stokes |respirations
-Coma
-Death
Medications |used |to |treat |SIADH
