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Risk factors for anorexia nervosa include:
Answer: Genetic predisposition; female gender; cognitive behavioral factors; cultural
influence
These factors contribute to vulnerability through biological, psychological, and sociocultural
pressures related to body image and control.
A nurse wants to teach alternative coping strategies to a client experiencing severe anxiety.
Which action should the nurse perform first?
a. Verify the client's learning style
b. Lower the client's current anxiety
c. Create outcomes and a teaching plan
d. Assess how the client uses defense mechanisms
Answer: Lower the client's current anxiety
Learning cannot occur effectively until anxiety is reduced to a manageable level.
A client checks and rechecks electrical cords related to an obsessive thought that the house
may burn down. The nurse and client explore the likelihood of an actual fire, and the client
states the event is not likely. This counseling demonstrates what principle of therapy?
a. Flooding
b. Desensitization
c. Relaxation technique
d. Cognitive restructuring
Answer: Cognitive restructuring
This technique helps the client identify and challenge irrational thoughts with logical evaluation.
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A client undergoing diagnostic tests says, “Nothing is wrong with me except a stubborn
chest cold.” The spouse reports the client smokes, coughs daily, lost 15 pounds, and is easily
fatigued. Which defense mechanism is the client using?
a. Displacement
b. Regression
c. Projection
d. Denial
Answer: Denial
The client refuses to acknowledge the seriousness of symptoms despite clear evidence.
A client with an abdominal mass is scheduled for a biopsy. The client has difficulty
understanding the nurse's comments and asks, “What do you mean? What are they going
to do?” Assessment findings include tremulous voice, respirations 28, and pulse 110. What
is the client's level of anxiety?
a. Mild
b. Moderate
c. Severe
d. Panic
Answer: Moderate
Moderate anxiety narrows perceptual field and reduces the ability to process information fully.
A person has minor physical injuries after an auto accident and says, “I feel like something
awful is going to happen.” The person has nausea, dizziness, tachycardia, and
hyperventilation. What is the person's level of anxiety?
a. Mild
b. Moderate
c. Severe
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d. Panic
Answer: Severe
Severe anxiety significantly limits perception and is accompanied by pronounced physical
symptoms.
Two staff nurses applied for a charge nurse position. After the promotion was announced,
the nurse who was not promoted said, “The nurse manager had a headache the day I was
interviewed.” Which defense mechanism is evident?
a. Introjection
b. Conversion
c. Projection
d. Splitting
Answer: Projection
The nurse attributes personal disappointment to an external factor, placing blame outside of
oneself.
Two staff nurses applied for promotion to nurse manager. The nurse not promoted initially
had feelings of loss but then became supportive of the new manager by helping with the
transition and encouraging others. Which term best describes the nurse’s response?
a. Altruism
b. Suppression
c. Intellectualization
d. Universality
Answer: Altruism
The nurse manages emotional distress by focusing on helping others and supporting the group.
A person who feels unattractive repeatedly says, “Although I’m not beautiful, I am smart.”
This is an example of what defense mechanism?
a. Repression
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Risk factors for anorexia nervosa include:
Answer: Genetic predisposition; female gender; cognitive behavioral factors; cultural
influence
These factors contribute to vulnerability through biological, psychological, and sociocultural
pressures related to body image and control.
A nurse wants to teach alternative coping strategies to a client experiencing severe anxiety.
Which action should the nurse perform first?
a. Verify the client's learning style
b. Lower the client's current anxiety
c. Create outcomes and a teaching plan
d. Assess how the client uses defense mechanisms
Answer: Lower the client's current anxiety
Learning cannot occur effectively until anxiety is reduced to a manageable level.
A client checks and rechecks electrical cords related to an obsessive thought that the house
may burn down. The nurse and client explore the likelihood of an actual fire, and the client
states the event is not likely. This counseling demonstrates what principle of therapy?
a. Flooding
b. Desensitization
c. Relaxation technique
d. Cognitive restructuring
Answer: Cognitive restructuring
This technique helps the client identify and challenge irrational thoughts with logical evaluation.
,3 | Page
A client undergoing diagnostic tests says, “Nothing is wrong with me except a stubborn
chest cold.” The spouse reports the client smokes, coughs daily, lost 15 pounds, and is easily
fatigued. Which defense mechanism is the client using?
a. Displacement
b. Regression
c. Projection
d. Denial
Answer: Denial
The client refuses to acknowledge the seriousness of symptoms despite clear evidence.
A client with an abdominal mass is scheduled for a biopsy. The client has difficulty
understanding the nurse's comments and asks, “What do you mean? What are they going
to do?” Assessment findings include tremulous voice, respirations 28, and pulse 110. What
is the client's level of anxiety?
a. Mild
b. Moderate
c. Severe
d. Panic
Answer: Moderate
Moderate anxiety narrows perceptual field and reduces the ability to process information fully.
A person has minor physical injuries after an auto accident and says, “I feel like something
awful is going to happen.” The person has nausea, dizziness, tachycardia, and
hyperventilation. What is the person's level of anxiety?
a. Mild
b. Moderate
c. Severe
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d. Panic
Answer: Severe
Severe anxiety significantly limits perception and is accompanied by pronounced physical
symptoms.
Two staff nurses applied for a charge nurse position. After the promotion was announced,
the nurse who was not promoted said, “The nurse manager had a headache the day I was
interviewed.” Which defense mechanism is evident?
a. Introjection
b. Conversion
c. Projection
d. Splitting
Answer: Projection
The nurse attributes personal disappointment to an external factor, placing blame outside of
oneself.
Two staff nurses applied for promotion to nurse manager. The nurse not promoted initially
had feelings of loss but then became supportive of the new manager by helping with the
transition and encouraging others. Which term best describes the nurse’s response?
a. Altruism
b. Suppression
c. Intellectualization
d. Universality
Answer: Altruism
The nurse manages emotional distress by focusing on helping others and supporting the group.
A person who feels unattractive repeatedly says, “Although I’m not beautiful, I am smart.”
This is an example of what defense mechanism?
a. Repression
