BBH 440: Exam #4 Questions and
Answers 100% PASS
A researcher conducts a survey that is used to find the prevalence of HPV in the
United States. Based on this information alone, this is what type of research: -
CORRECT ANSWER-Descriptive
A researcher publishes a case series that describes 18 cases of a previously
unknown disease. Based on the information in the case series, the author
concludes that the disease is caused by excessive sun exposure. Disregarding any of
the potential details of the case series, is the researcher able to make this
conclusion? - CORRECT ANSWER-No
One important finding from the Doll and Hill Physician's Study was that as the
number of cigarettes smoked increased, there was greater risk for lung cancer
mortality. This is an example of which of Bradford Hill's criteria of causality? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Dose Response
A research group is interested in studying the relationship between episodes of
anger and heart attacks. They find a group of people who have had heart attacks
and ask them whether they experienced an episode of anger in the 2 hours before
their heart attack. They also ask them if they experienced an episode of anger in
another 2-hour period the week before having a heart attack. This is what type of
study? - CORRECT ANSWER-case-crossover study
,A research group conducts a study to examine the relationship between
unemployment and drug use. They get unemployment numbers from state
governments for 6 states and they obtain numbers regarding number of drug
arrests in those same 6 states. They find a positive correlation between
unemployment and drug arrests. They conclude that being unemployed makes it
more likely someone will use and/or be arrested for drug use. Is the logic they
used accurate? - CORRECT ANSWER-No
After analyzing some data from a study, a researcher finds that having grey hair is
positively correlated with the likelihood of having cardiovascular disease. The
researcher hypothesizes that grey hair causes cardiovascular disease. The real
explanation here is likely: - CORRECT ANSWER-There is a common causal
variable
A researcher is interested in studying the relationship between alcohol intake and
type 2 diabetes. Out of a sample of 500 people, she forms one group consisting of
people who have type 2 diabetes and another consisting of people who don't. Then
she gathers information about their alcohol intake. This is what type of study? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Case-control
Researchers are conducting a study to examine the potential relationship between
physical activity and obesity in adolescents. They conduct a survey asking college
students to report the number of minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, in a typical week and self-reported height and weight to compute BMI. What type
of bias is most likely to affect their results? - CORRECT ANSWER-Non-response
bias; OR recall bias
Which of the following is true about surveillance studies? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Sentinel surveillance can alert officials of a problem in a healthcare system
Descriptive studies can only be observational studies. - CORRECT ANSWER-
True
Which of the following would be the best study to use if you wanted to be able to
confidently say one variable causes another variable to change? - CORRECT
ANSWER-prospective cohort study
Which of the following is NOT a reason to conduct a triple-blind study? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Reduces the bias in selecting participants
A researcher wants to test the effectiveness of billboards in increasing HPV
vaccination rates. She chooses two cities and gets statistics on HPV vaccine rates
for a 3 month period. Then she puts pro-HPV vaccine billboards up in one city
(but not the other) for 3 months. Finally, she compares statistics on HPV vaccine
rates again after the intervention. This is what type of study? - CORRECT
ANSWER-community trial
To test the effects of exercise on memory, a group of participants are asked to do
yoga before a memory test one day and then to jog before a memory test the next
Answers 100% PASS
A researcher conducts a survey that is used to find the prevalence of HPV in the
United States. Based on this information alone, this is what type of research: -
CORRECT ANSWER-Descriptive
A researcher publishes a case series that describes 18 cases of a previously
unknown disease. Based on the information in the case series, the author
concludes that the disease is caused by excessive sun exposure. Disregarding any of
the potential details of the case series, is the researcher able to make this
conclusion? - CORRECT ANSWER-No
One important finding from the Doll and Hill Physician's Study was that as the
number of cigarettes smoked increased, there was greater risk for lung cancer
mortality. This is an example of which of Bradford Hill's criteria of causality? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Dose Response
A research group is interested in studying the relationship between episodes of
anger and heart attacks. They find a group of people who have had heart attacks
and ask them whether they experienced an episode of anger in the 2 hours before
their heart attack. They also ask them if they experienced an episode of anger in
another 2-hour period the week before having a heart attack. This is what type of
study? - CORRECT ANSWER-case-crossover study
,A research group conducts a study to examine the relationship between
unemployment and drug use. They get unemployment numbers from state
governments for 6 states and they obtain numbers regarding number of drug
arrests in those same 6 states. They find a positive correlation between
unemployment and drug arrests. They conclude that being unemployed makes it
more likely someone will use and/or be arrested for drug use. Is the logic they
used accurate? - CORRECT ANSWER-No
After analyzing some data from a study, a researcher finds that having grey hair is
positively correlated with the likelihood of having cardiovascular disease. The
researcher hypothesizes that grey hair causes cardiovascular disease. The real
explanation here is likely: - CORRECT ANSWER-There is a common causal
variable
A researcher is interested in studying the relationship between alcohol intake and
type 2 diabetes. Out of a sample of 500 people, she forms one group consisting of
people who have type 2 diabetes and another consisting of people who don't. Then
she gathers information about their alcohol intake. This is what type of study? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Case-control
Researchers are conducting a study to examine the potential relationship between
physical activity and obesity in adolescents. They conduct a survey asking college
students to report the number of minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, in a typical week and self-reported height and weight to compute BMI. What type
of bias is most likely to affect their results? - CORRECT ANSWER-Non-response
bias; OR recall bias
Which of the following is true about surveillance studies? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Sentinel surveillance can alert officials of a problem in a healthcare system
Descriptive studies can only be observational studies. - CORRECT ANSWER-
True
Which of the following would be the best study to use if you wanted to be able to
confidently say one variable causes another variable to change? - CORRECT
ANSWER-prospective cohort study
Which of the following is NOT a reason to conduct a triple-blind study? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Reduces the bias in selecting participants
A researcher wants to test the effectiveness of billboards in increasing HPV
vaccination rates. She chooses two cities and gets statistics on HPV vaccine rates
for a 3 month period. Then she puts pro-HPV vaccine billboards up in one city
(but not the other) for 3 months. Finally, she compares statistics on HPV vaccine
rates again after the intervention. This is what type of study? - CORRECT
ANSWER-community trial
To test the effects of exercise on memory, a group of participants are asked to do
yoga before a memory test one day and then to jog before a memory test the next
