BIO 143 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Chromatin during cell division - ✔✔very highly folded and become visible in the light
microscope as chromosomes
✔✔Chromatin when not divided - ✔✔loosely packed
✔✔Centromere - ✔✔point of attachment on chromosome
✔✔Sister Chromatids - ✔✔two identical copies of a Parent chromosome
✔✔Homologous Chromosomes - ✔✔matching pair of chromosomes
✔✔Diploid Cell - ✔✔2 sets of chromosomes (one set from each parent)
✔✔Haploid Cell - ✔✔one set of chromosomes
✔✔Human chromosome pairs - ✔✔Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes
✔✔Mitosis - ✔✔nuclear division
✔✔Cytokinesis - ✔✔division of the cytoplasm, one cell splits into 2 daughter cells
✔✔Meiosis - ✔✔a special type of nuclear division that halves the number of
chromosomes
✔✔Fertilization - ✔✔when egg and sperm fuse together to form a Zygote (fertilized egg)
✔✔Interphase - ✔✔the longest part of the cell cycle
✔✔Mitosis phases - ✔✔Includes Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
✔✔Animal cells during cytokinesis - ✔✔form Cleavage Furrow - an indentation that
begins the process of cytokinesis
✔✔Plant cells during cytokinesis - ✔✔form cell plate - the precursor of the cell wall,
formed at the beginning of cell division
✔✔Meiosis phases - ✔✔Includes Prophase 1, Metaphase 1, Anaphase 1, Telophase 1,
Prophase 2, Metaphase 2, Anaphase 2, Telophase 2
✔✔Structure of DNA - ✔✔Double stranded
, ✔✔Nucleotides - ✔✔composed of 5 carbon sugars (deoxyribose), a phosphate group,
and a nitrogenous base
✔✔Base pairing in DNA - ✔✔A=T / G=C
✔✔Location of DNA in prokaryotes - ✔✔Nucleoid region
✔✔Location of DNA in Eukaryotes - ✔✔Nucleus
✔✔ Epithelial Tissue - ✔✔Covers body surfaces and lines body cavities
✔✔Connective Tissue - ✔✔Binds and supports body parts
✔✔Muscular Tissue - ✔✔Allows for movement of materials within the organism and/or
the entire organism
✔✔Nervous Tissue - ✔✔Allows the organism to respond to stimuli and coordinates
body functions (communication)
✔✔Squamous - ✔✔Flat cell shape
✔✔Cuboidal - ✔✔Square like/cube cell shape
✔✔Columnar - ✔✔Rectangle/column like cell shape
✔✔Simple - ✔✔One layer of cells
✔✔Stratified - ✔✔Multiple layers of cells
✔✔Pseudostratified - ✔✔Appears to be layered but each cell touches the same
basement membrane
✔✔Simple Squamous Epithelium - ✔✔Function: Secretion; Location: Kidney
✔✔Simple Cuboidal Epithelium - ✔✔Function: Secretion; Location: Kidney
✔✔Simple Columnar Epithelium - ✔✔Identify goblet cell; Function: Secretion; Location:
Gallbladder
✔✔Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium - ✔✔Identify goblet cells, cilia; Function:
Secretion; Location: Trachea
✔✔Stratified Squamous Epithelium - ✔✔Function: Protection; Location: Skin
AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Chromatin during cell division - ✔✔very highly folded and become visible in the light
microscope as chromosomes
✔✔Chromatin when not divided - ✔✔loosely packed
✔✔Centromere - ✔✔point of attachment on chromosome
✔✔Sister Chromatids - ✔✔two identical copies of a Parent chromosome
✔✔Homologous Chromosomes - ✔✔matching pair of chromosomes
✔✔Diploid Cell - ✔✔2 sets of chromosomes (one set from each parent)
✔✔Haploid Cell - ✔✔one set of chromosomes
✔✔Human chromosome pairs - ✔✔Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes
✔✔Mitosis - ✔✔nuclear division
✔✔Cytokinesis - ✔✔division of the cytoplasm, one cell splits into 2 daughter cells
✔✔Meiosis - ✔✔a special type of nuclear division that halves the number of
chromosomes
✔✔Fertilization - ✔✔when egg and sperm fuse together to form a Zygote (fertilized egg)
✔✔Interphase - ✔✔the longest part of the cell cycle
✔✔Mitosis phases - ✔✔Includes Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
✔✔Animal cells during cytokinesis - ✔✔form Cleavage Furrow - an indentation that
begins the process of cytokinesis
✔✔Plant cells during cytokinesis - ✔✔form cell plate - the precursor of the cell wall,
formed at the beginning of cell division
✔✔Meiosis phases - ✔✔Includes Prophase 1, Metaphase 1, Anaphase 1, Telophase 1,
Prophase 2, Metaphase 2, Anaphase 2, Telophase 2
✔✔Structure of DNA - ✔✔Double stranded
, ✔✔Nucleotides - ✔✔composed of 5 carbon sugars (deoxyribose), a phosphate group,
and a nitrogenous base
✔✔Base pairing in DNA - ✔✔A=T / G=C
✔✔Location of DNA in prokaryotes - ✔✔Nucleoid region
✔✔Location of DNA in Eukaryotes - ✔✔Nucleus
✔✔ Epithelial Tissue - ✔✔Covers body surfaces and lines body cavities
✔✔Connective Tissue - ✔✔Binds and supports body parts
✔✔Muscular Tissue - ✔✔Allows for movement of materials within the organism and/or
the entire organism
✔✔Nervous Tissue - ✔✔Allows the organism to respond to stimuli and coordinates
body functions (communication)
✔✔Squamous - ✔✔Flat cell shape
✔✔Cuboidal - ✔✔Square like/cube cell shape
✔✔Columnar - ✔✔Rectangle/column like cell shape
✔✔Simple - ✔✔One layer of cells
✔✔Stratified - ✔✔Multiple layers of cells
✔✔Pseudostratified - ✔✔Appears to be layered but each cell touches the same
basement membrane
✔✔Simple Squamous Epithelium - ✔✔Function: Secretion; Location: Kidney
✔✔Simple Cuboidal Epithelium - ✔✔Function: Secretion; Location: Kidney
✔✔Simple Columnar Epithelium - ✔✔Identify goblet cell; Function: Secretion; Location:
Gallbladder
✔✔Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium - ✔✔Identify goblet cells, cilia; Function:
Secretion; Location: Trachea
✔✔Stratified Squamous Epithelium - ✔✔Function: Protection; Location: Skin
