Review | Galen College | 2026/2027 Updated |
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Foundations of Health Assessment & Clinical Reasoning Practice | 2026/2027
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Galen College of Nursing | NSG 3160 Health Assessment | Exam 1 Comprehensive
Review
PART 1 – ESSENTIAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT FOUNDATIONS (2026-2027)
I. THE NURSING HEALTH HISTORY (2026 ANA & AACN ESSENTIALS UPDATE)
• Biographic data: age, gender, pronouns, preferred language, insurance status.
• Chief complaint (CC): patient’s own words; avoid medical jargon.
• Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) 2027 screening: food security, housing,
transportation, caregiver support, digital access.
• Cultural & spiritual assessment: use LEARN or ETHNIC models; document dietary
restrictions & healing practices.
• Opioid risk (2026 ONS guideline): screen with ORT or SOAPP-R; document pain goal
3/10 or functional goal.
II. COMPREHENSIVE PHYSICAL-EXAM SEQUENCE
, • Inspection → Palpation → Percussion → Auscultation (except abdomen: inspect,
auscultate, percuss, palpate).
• Standard precautions + PPE per CDC 2026 transmission-based guidelines.
• POCUS basics: low-frequency curvilinear probe for lung sliding; document “A-line vs
B-line” pattern.
III. VITAL SIGNS & PAIN ASSESSMENT
• BP: use correct cuff size (bladder 80% arm circumference); 1st & 5th Korotkoff =
systolic & diastolic.
• Pulse ox: accuracy falls with sat < 80% or poor perfusion—verify waveform; forehead
sensors if nail polish.
• Pain scales: numeric 0-10, Wong-Baker FACES, or CPOT for intubated adults.
• Orthostatic vitals: ↓ SBP ≥ 20 mmHg or ↑ HR ≥ 30 bpm within 3 min of standing =
positive.
IV. DOCUMENTATION STANDARDS (2026 TJC UPDATE)
• SOAP: Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan; no blank lines.
• DAR: Data, Action, Response—used for focused charting.
• EHR “copy-forward” must be verified & attested; cloned notes are legal record.
V. SYSTEM-SPECIFIC HIGH-YIELDS FOR EXAM 1
A. INTEGUMENTARY
• ABCDE melanoma rule: Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter > 6 mm, Evolving.