HESI PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
PRACTICE EXAM
What info should the nurse include in a teaching plan about the onset
of menopause? - ANSWERS-a. Smoking
b. Oophorectomy w/ hysterectomy
c. Early menarche
d. Genetic influence
e. Chemotherapy exposure
A client is brought to the ER after a snow skiing accident. Which
intervention is most important for the nurse to implement? -
ANSWERS-Review the ECG tracing
Airway, Breathing, and Circulation are priorities in client assessment
and tx. Continuous cardiac monitoring is indicated because
hypothermic clients have an increased risk for dysrhythmias
Which client is at highest risk for CKD secondary to DM? -
ANSWERS-Type 1 DM and retinopathy and mild vision loss
Diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy are r/t prolonged
hhyperglycemia and HTN which damage the microvasculature of the
eyes and kidneys , so a client w/ DM1 and retinopathy is most likely
to dvp nephropathy and CDK
,A male client who has never smoked but has had COPD for the past 5
yrs is now being assessed for CA of the lung. The nurse knows that he
is most likely to dvp which type of lung CA? - ANSWERS-
Adenocarcinoma
this is the only lung CA not r/t cigarette smoking. It has been found to
be directly r/t to lung scarring and fibrosis from preexisting and
pulmonary disease such as TB or COPD
The nurse reviews the CBC findings of an adolescent w/ acute
myelogenous leukemia. the Hgb is 13.8, Hct is 36.7, WBC is 8,200,
and platelet count is 115,000. Based on these findings, what is the
priority nsg dx for this client's POC? - ANSWERS-Risk for injury
a client w/ AML is at risk for anemia, neutropenia, and
thrombocytopenia. These CBC findings indicate that the platelet
count is low, which places him at an increased risk for injury
The parents of a child w/ hemophillia A ask the nurse about their
probability of having another child w/ it. Which info is the basis for
the nurse's response? - ANSWERS-a. Sons of female carriers have a
50% chance of inheriting hemophillia
b. Hemophillia is an X-linked recessive disorder
Hemophillia is an inherited disease that manifests in male children
whose mom is a carrier. With each pregnancy there is a 50% chance
, that a male child will inherit the defective gene and manifest
hemophillia A
The nurse is caring for a client who had an excision of malignant
pituitary tumor. Which findings should the nurse document that
indicate the client is dvp'g Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic
Hormone (SIADH) ? - ANSWERS-Wt gain w/ low serum sodium
SIADH most frequently occurs when cancer cells manufacture and
release ADH, which is manifested by water retention causing wt gain
and hyponatremia
A man who was recently dx'd w/ Huntington's disease asks the nurse
if his adolescent son should be tested for the disease. What response is
best for the nurse to provide? - ANSWERS-Genetic counseling should
be obtained prior to undertaking any genetic testing procedure
A mom is crying as she holds and rocks her child w/ tetanus who is
having muscular spasms and crying. After administering diazepam to
the child, what action should the nurse implement? - ANSWERS-Lay
the child down and ask the mom to stay near the child in the crib
Controlling environmental stimulation such as noise, light, or tactile
stimuli helps reduce CNS irritability r/t acute tetanus. The mom
shoujld be instructed to minimize handling of the child during
episodes of muscle spasticity and to stay calmly near the child. Her
presence w/ the child provides security and support
PRACTICE EXAM
What info should the nurse include in a teaching plan about the onset
of menopause? - ANSWERS-a. Smoking
b. Oophorectomy w/ hysterectomy
c. Early menarche
d. Genetic influence
e. Chemotherapy exposure
A client is brought to the ER after a snow skiing accident. Which
intervention is most important for the nurse to implement? -
ANSWERS-Review the ECG tracing
Airway, Breathing, and Circulation are priorities in client assessment
and tx. Continuous cardiac monitoring is indicated because
hypothermic clients have an increased risk for dysrhythmias
Which client is at highest risk for CKD secondary to DM? -
ANSWERS-Type 1 DM and retinopathy and mild vision loss
Diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy are r/t prolonged
hhyperglycemia and HTN which damage the microvasculature of the
eyes and kidneys , so a client w/ DM1 and retinopathy is most likely
to dvp nephropathy and CDK
,A male client who has never smoked but has had COPD for the past 5
yrs is now being assessed for CA of the lung. The nurse knows that he
is most likely to dvp which type of lung CA? - ANSWERS-
Adenocarcinoma
this is the only lung CA not r/t cigarette smoking. It has been found to
be directly r/t to lung scarring and fibrosis from preexisting and
pulmonary disease such as TB or COPD
The nurse reviews the CBC findings of an adolescent w/ acute
myelogenous leukemia. the Hgb is 13.8, Hct is 36.7, WBC is 8,200,
and platelet count is 115,000. Based on these findings, what is the
priority nsg dx for this client's POC? - ANSWERS-Risk for injury
a client w/ AML is at risk for anemia, neutropenia, and
thrombocytopenia. These CBC findings indicate that the platelet
count is low, which places him at an increased risk for injury
The parents of a child w/ hemophillia A ask the nurse about their
probability of having another child w/ it. Which info is the basis for
the nurse's response? - ANSWERS-a. Sons of female carriers have a
50% chance of inheriting hemophillia
b. Hemophillia is an X-linked recessive disorder
Hemophillia is an inherited disease that manifests in male children
whose mom is a carrier. With each pregnancy there is a 50% chance
, that a male child will inherit the defective gene and manifest
hemophillia A
The nurse is caring for a client who had an excision of malignant
pituitary tumor. Which findings should the nurse document that
indicate the client is dvp'g Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic
Hormone (SIADH) ? - ANSWERS-Wt gain w/ low serum sodium
SIADH most frequently occurs when cancer cells manufacture and
release ADH, which is manifested by water retention causing wt gain
and hyponatremia
A man who was recently dx'd w/ Huntington's disease asks the nurse
if his adolescent son should be tested for the disease. What response is
best for the nurse to provide? - ANSWERS-Genetic counseling should
be obtained prior to undertaking any genetic testing procedure
A mom is crying as she holds and rocks her child w/ tetanus who is
having muscular spasms and crying. After administering diazepam to
the child, what action should the nurse implement? - ANSWERS-Lay
the child down and ask the mom to stay near the child in the crib
Controlling environmental stimulation such as noise, light, or tactile
stimuli helps reduce CNS irritability r/t acute tetanus. The mom
shoujld be instructed to minimize handling of the child during
episodes of muscle spasticity and to stay calmly near the child. Her
presence w/ the child provides security and support
