EDF 3115 Exam 1 with 100% Correct
Answers 2026
The best predictors of a teacher's behavior? (PAJARES) - Correct Answer-Teacher
beliefs, which influences teachers' perceptions and judgements, which affect classroom
performance.
How can teachers become agents of social change? - Correct Answer-Teachers who
break out of the status quo and change their beliefs, judgements, and perceptions can
become agents of social change by instilling the same values in their students.
Name the three types of reinforcement from least to most intrusive (+examples of each)
- Correct Answer-1. Social (least intrusive): GOAL, use praise effectively, specific,
private, genuine
2. Activity (moderately intrusive): activity as a reward, finish this so we get more recess
time
3. Tangible (most intrusive):quick change, last resort, stuff, prizes, gifts, etc.
What guidelines should teachers follow in using reinforcers? - Correct Answer--try to
use the least intrusive. maybe start with most intrusive and slowly start taking away
tangible rewards and replacing them until get to least intrusive (social)
What are the characteristics of effective praise according to Duncan? (+example) -
Correct Answer-private, specific, focus on improvement, and genuine
-example: "I can tell that you tried really hard when reading that new word. I liked how
you took your time when sounding out the hard word."
What are the four steps for using reinforcement? - Correct Answer-1. Identify the
desired behavior
2. Decide how you want to reinforce the behavior (choose type of reinforcer)
3. Implement the reinforcer
4. Evaluate progress and phase out the reinforcer
Instead of using reinforcers to change students' undesirable behaviors, what did
Wolfgang recommend as a better way of changing their behavior? - Correct Answer-
Wolfgang advocates for the developmental theory and looks at how the child is
developing and seeks to figure out the students' needs and meet them
According to Ryan and Deci's self-determination theory, what are our 3 basic
psychological needs (define) - Correct Answer-1.Competence (Feeling capable)
2. Relatedness (feeling of belonging)
3. Autonomy (sense of control, personal choice)
, What is self-determination theory? - Correct Answer-"theory of human motivation
concerned with the development of personality in social contexts"
Describe the three types of autonomy that can be supported in the classroom. - Correct
Answer-1. Procedural (choosing media, means of expressing your learning)
2. Organizational (allowing children to set rules)
3. Cognitive (students evaluate themselves, higher level thinking)
Define intrinsic motivation. - Correct Answer-motivation from pure enjoyment and
interest (internal)
Characteristics of intrinsic motivation. - Correct Answer-stemmed from the inside, not
affected by an object or outside force, exciting, adventurous, eager to learn more, eager
to master
How might teachers use their understanding of intrinsic motivation characteristics to
increase students' intrinsic motivation? - Correct Answer-Find things that will interest
them personally and use those to motivate them.
According to Ryan and Deci, what is extrinsic motivation? - Correct Answer-motivation
due to external factors
What is the danger associated with tangible reinforcers? - Correct Answer-students will
rely too much on getting objects and it teaches extrinsic motivation and strays them
from intrinsic motivation and being motivated by pure joy and interest
According to Ryan and Deci, when should teachers use extrinsic motivation? - Correct
Answer-only when absolutely needed.
-should be combined with social reinforcement/things that will start to develop intrinsic
motivation so that the extrinsic motivation can be phased out soon
-How each level on the extrinsic motivation continuum developd + an example of how a
teacher might use them
1. External Regulation
2. Introjected Regulation
3. Identified Regulation
4. Integrated Regulation - Correct Answer-1. ER: action performed to gain reward or
avoid punishment
2. Introjected: action performed to increase pride or guilt
3. Identified Regulation: action performed due to identifying with role model
4. Integrated Regulation: action performed to maintain values and/or achieve goals
What kind of praise did Dweck discover in her research could be harmful to children's
motivation? - Correct Answer-Praise for intelligence because it doesn't link it to effort or
something the child actually did (child can view it as luck)
Answers 2026
The best predictors of a teacher's behavior? (PAJARES) - Correct Answer-Teacher
beliefs, which influences teachers' perceptions and judgements, which affect classroom
performance.
How can teachers become agents of social change? - Correct Answer-Teachers who
break out of the status quo and change their beliefs, judgements, and perceptions can
become agents of social change by instilling the same values in their students.
Name the three types of reinforcement from least to most intrusive (+examples of each)
- Correct Answer-1. Social (least intrusive): GOAL, use praise effectively, specific,
private, genuine
2. Activity (moderately intrusive): activity as a reward, finish this so we get more recess
time
3. Tangible (most intrusive):quick change, last resort, stuff, prizes, gifts, etc.
What guidelines should teachers follow in using reinforcers? - Correct Answer--try to
use the least intrusive. maybe start with most intrusive and slowly start taking away
tangible rewards and replacing them until get to least intrusive (social)
What are the characteristics of effective praise according to Duncan? (+example) -
Correct Answer-private, specific, focus on improvement, and genuine
-example: "I can tell that you tried really hard when reading that new word. I liked how
you took your time when sounding out the hard word."
What are the four steps for using reinforcement? - Correct Answer-1. Identify the
desired behavior
2. Decide how you want to reinforce the behavior (choose type of reinforcer)
3. Implement the reinforcer
4. Evaluate progress and phase out the reinforcer
Instead of using reinforcers to change students' undesirable behaviors, what did
Wolfgang recommend as a better way of changing their behavior? - Correct Answer-
Wolfgang advocates for the developmental theory and looks at how the child is
developing and seeks to figure out the students' needs and meet them
According to Ryan and Deci's self-determination theory, what are our 3 basic
psychological needs (define) - Correct Answer-1.Competence (Feeling capable)
2. Relatedness (feeling of belonging)
3. Autonomy (sense of control, personal choice)
, What is self-determination theory? - Correct Answer-"theory of human motivation
concerned with the development of personality in social contexts"
Describe the three types of autonomy that can be supported in the classroom. - Correct
Answer-1. Procedural (choosing media, means of expressing your learning)
2. Organizational (allowing children to set rules)
3. Cognitive (students evaluate themselves, higher level thinking)
Define intrinsic motivation. - Correct Answer-motivation from pure enjoyment and
interest (internal)
Characteristics of intrinsic motivation. - Correct Answer-stemmed from the inside, not
affected by an object or outside force, exciting, adventurous, eager to learn more, eager
to master
How might teachers use their understanding of intrinsic motivation characteristics to
increase students' intrinsic motivation? - Correct Answer-Find things that will interest
them personally and use those to motivate them.
According to Ryan and Deci, what is extrinsic motivation? - Correct Answer-motivation
due to external factors
What is the danger associated with tangible reinforcers? - Correct Answer-students will
rely too much on getting objects and it teaches extrinsic motivation and strays them
from intrinsic motivation and being motivated by pure joy and interest
According to Ryan and Deci, when should teachers use extrinsic motivation? - Correct
Answer-only when absolutely needed.
-should be combined with social reinforcement/things that will start to develop intrinsic
motivation so that the extrinsic motivation can be phased out soon
-How each level on the extrinsic motivation continuum developd + an example of how a
teacher might use them
1. External Regulation
2. Introjected Regulation
3. Identified Regulation
4. Integrated Regulation - Correct Answer-1. ER: action performed to gain reward or
avoid punishment
2. Introjected: action performed to increase pride or guilt
3. Identified Regulation: action performed due to identifying with role model
4. Integrated Regulation: action performed to maintain values and/or achieve goals
What kind of praise did Dweck discover in her research could be harmful to children's
motivation? - Correct Answer-Praise for intelligence because it doesn't link it to effort or
something the child actually did (child can view it as luck)
