SECTION 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF IV THERAPY
Exam Practice Questions with Detailed
Rationales latest 2026 Latest version Q&A
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1. Which of the following are common indications for starting IV
therapy?
A. Dehydration
B. Hypotension
C. Oral medication administration
D. Shock
Correct Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: IV therapy is indicated for rapid fluid replacement, correcting
hypotension, and managing shock. Oral medications do not require IV
access.
2. What are the primary components of an IV infusion system?
A. Catheter
B. Drip chamber
C. IV pole
D. Infusion pump
Correct Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: An IV system typically includes a catheter, drip chamber,
tubing, and an infusion pump. IV poles are used for support, not part of
the fluid delivery system.
3. Which veins are preferred for peripheral IV insertion?
A. Cephalic vein
B. Basilic vein
,C. Femoral vein
D. Dorsal hand veins
Correct Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Peripheral IVs are commonly placed in superficial veins of the
upper extremities. The femoral vein is a central access site.
4. What is the recommended angle of insertion for a peripheral IV
catheter?
A. 5–15°
B. 15–30°
C. 45–60°
D. 60–90°
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 15–30° angle is recommended to enter the vein smoothly
while minimizing vein trauma.
5. Which of the following are signs of infiltration at an IV site?
A. Swelling
B. Redness
C. Coolness
D. Pain
Correct Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: Infiltration occurs when IV fluid enters surrounding tissue,
causing swelling, coolness, and discomfort. Redness is more typical of
phlebitis.
6. Which complications are associated with IV therapy?
A. Phlebitis
B. Infiltration
C. Pneumonia
D. Air embolism
Correct Answer: A, B, D
, Rationale: Phlebitis, infiltration, and air embolism are potential IV
complications. Pneumonia is unrelated to IV therapy.
7. What is the purpose of a saline lock (heparin lock)?
A. Maintain venous access without continuous infusion
B. Administer large-volume fluids rapidly
C. Reduce infection risk
D. Monitor blood pressure
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale: A saline or heparin lock maintains IV access and reduces
infection risk when continuous infusion is not needed.
8. Which aseptic techniques are essential during IV insertion?
A. Hand hygiene
B. Wearing sterile gloves
C. Skin antisepsis
D. Using a tourniquet
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Hand hygiene, sterile gloves, and skin antisepsis prevent
infection. Tourniquets aid vein identification but are not an aseptic
measure.
9. What are the normal infusion rates for maintenance IV fluids in
adults?
A. 10–20 mL/hr
B. 75–125 mL/hr
C. 250–500 mL/hr
D. 1,000 mL/hr
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maintenance IV fluids are usually administered at 75–125
mL/hr for adults, adjusted per patient needs.
Exam Practice Questions with Detailed
Rationales latest 2026 Latest version Q&A
|INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which of the following are common indications for starting IV
therapy?
A. Dehydration
B. Hypotension
C. Oral medication administration
D. Shock
Correct Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: IV therapy is indicated for rapid fluid replacement, correcting
hypotension, and managing shock. Oral medications do not require IV
access.
2. What are the primary components of an IV infusion system?
A. Catheter
B. Drip chamber
C. IV pole
D. Infusion pump
Correct Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: An IV system typically includes a catheter, drip chamber,
tubing, and an infusion pump. IV poles are used for support, not part of
the fluid delivery system.
3. Which veins are preferred for peripheral IV insertion?
A. Cephalic vein
B. Basilic vein
,C. Femoral vein
D. Dorsal hand veins
Correct Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Peripheral IVs are commonly placed in superficial veins of the
upper extremities. The femoral vein is a central access site.
4. What is the recommended angle of insertion for a peripheral IV
catheter?
A. 5–15°
B. 15–30°
C. 45–60°
D. 60–90°
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 15–30° angle is recommended to enter the vein smoothly
while minimizing vein trauma.
5. Which of the following are signs of infiltration at an IV site?
A. Swelling
B. Redness
C. Coolness
D. Pain
Correct Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: Infiltration occurs when IV fluid enters surrounding tissue,
causing swelling, coolness, and discomfort. Redness is more typical of
phlebitis.
6. Which complications are associated with IV therapy?
A. Phlebitis
B. Infiltration
C. Pneumonia
D. Air embolism
Correct Answer: A, B, D
, Rationale: Phlebitis, infiltration, and air embolism are potential IV
complications. Pneumonia is unrelated to IV therapy.
7. What is the purpose of a saline lock (heparin lock)?
A. Maintain venous access without continuous infusion
B. Administer large-volume fluids rapidly
C. Reduce infection risk
D. Monitor blood pressure
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale: A saline or heparin lock maintains IV access and reduces
infection risk when continuous infusion is not needed.
8. Which aseptic techniques are essential during IV insertion?
A. Hand hygiene
B. Wearing sterile gloves
C. Skin antisepsis
D. Using a tourniquet
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Hand hygiene, sterile gloves, and skin antisepsis prevent
infection. Tourniquets aid vein identification but are not an aseptic
measure.
9. What are the normal infusion rates for maintenance IV fluids in
adults?
A. 10–20 mL/hr
B. 75–125 mL/hr
C. 250–500 mL/hr
D. 1,000 mL/hr
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maintenance IV fluids are usually administered at 75–125
mL/hr for adults, adjusted per patient needs.
