CURRENT MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND
TREATMENT 2026
65TH EDITION
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion.
AccessMedicine
Stem (physician level)
A 58-year-old man with a 30 pack-year smoking history,
currently smoking, asks whether he is a candidate for low-dose
CT lung-cancer screening. He has no respiratory symptoms and
,no prior cancer. His past medical history is notable for well-
controlled hypertension. Which criterion most strongly
determines eligibility for low-dose CT screening per CMDT 2026
recommendations?
A. Any current smoker >55 years of age.
B. Age 50–80 years with ≥20 pack-year history and current
smoker or quit within 15 years.
C. Age >60 years with any history of tobacco use.
D. Age 50–75 years with a 10–pack-year history.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B)
CMDT 2026 aligns with contemporary USPSTF-based criteria:
screening is recommended for adults aged approximately 50–80
years with a ≥20 pack-year history who currently smoke or quit
within the past 15 years. This optimizes benefit (mortality
reduction) while limiting harms from false positives and
overdiagnosis. Patient’s age and 30 pack-years meet the
threshold. AccessMedicine
Rationale — Incorrect
A: Too broad — not all smokers >55 meet pack-year threshold.
C: Age alone without pack-year threshold lacks specificity; not
CMDT-recommended.
D: 10 pack-years underestimates risk; lowers specificity and not
CMDT threshold.
,Teaching point:
LDCT screening is for high-risk adults (≈50–80 years) with ≥20
pack-years and recent smoking.
Citation (Simplified APA):
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
AccessMedicine
2
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion.
AccessMedicine
Stem
A 36-year-old woman (G0) with BMI 33 kg/m² asks for the most
appropriate first-line preventive weight-loss strategy. She has no
contraindications to exercise and wants a sustainable plan.
Which initial approach best matches CMDT 2026 guidance?
A. Prescribe a very-low-calorie diet (<800 kcal/day) immediately.
B. Begin structured lifestyle modification with calorie reduction,
increased physical activity, and scheduled follow-up.
C. Start pharmacotherapy for weight loss immediately without
lifestyle counseling.
D. Recommend bariatric surgery now because BMI >30 kg/m².
Correct answer: B
, Rationale — Correct (B)
CMDT emphasizes lifestyle modification (caloric reduction,
physical activity, behavioral strategies, structured follow-up) as
the first-line, evidence-based approach for most adults with
obesity before invasive or pharmacologic options, unless there
are severe comorbidities or prior failures. This balances
effectiveness and safety. AccessMedicine
Rationale — Incorrect
A: Very-low-calorie diets are not first-line and require close
supervision.
C: Pharmacotherapy is considered when lifestyle changes
insufficient or if BMI/comorbidities indicate, not as immediate
first step.
D: Bariatric surgery reserved for higher BMI thresholds with
failed conservative therapy or severe comorbidity; not
immediate.
Teaching point:
Begin obesity care with structured lifestyle modification and
regular follow-up.
Citation (Simplified APA):
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
AccessMedicine
3
TREATMENT 2026
65TH EDITION
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion.
AccessMedicine
Stem (physician level)
A 58-year-old man with a 30 pack-year smoking history,
currently smoking, asks whether he is a candidate for low-dose
CT lung-cancer screening. He has no respiratory symptoms and
,no prior cancer. His past medical history is notable for well-
controlled hypertension. Which criterion most strongly
determines eligibility for low-dose CT screening per CMDT 2026
recommendations?
A. Any current smoker >55 years of age.
B. Age 50–80 years with ≥20 pack-year history and current
smoker or quit within 15 years.
C. Age >60 years with any history of tobacco use.
D. Age 50–75 years with a 10–pack-year history.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B)
CMDT 2026 aligns with contemporary USPSTF-based criteria:
screening is recommended for adults aged approximately 50–80
years with a ≥20 pack-year history who currently smoke or quit
within the past 15 years. This optimizes benefit (mortality
reduction) while limiting harms from false positives and
overdiagnosis. Patient’s age and 30 pack-years meet the
threshold. AccessMedicine
Rationale — Incorrect
A: Too broad — not all smokers >55 meet pack-year threshold.
C: Age alone without pack-year threshold lacks specificity; not
CMDT-recommended.
D: 10 pack-years underestimates risk; lowers specificity and not
CMDT threshold.
,Teaching point:
LDCT screening is for high-risk adults (≈50–80 years) with ≥20
pack-years and recent smoking.
Citation (Simplified APA):
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
AccessMedicine
2
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion.
AccessMedicine
Stem
A 36-year-old woman (G0) with BMI 33 kg/m² asks for the most
appropriate first-line preventive weight-loss strategy. She has no
contraindications to exercise and wants a sustainable plan.
Which initial approach best matches CMDT 2026 guidance?
A. Prescribe a very-low-calorie diet (<800 kcal/day) immediately.
B. Begin structured lifestyle modification with calorie reduction,
increased physical activity, and scheduled follow-up.
C. Start pharmacotherapy for weight loss immediately without
lifestyle counseling.
D. Recommend bariatric surgery now because BMI >30 kg/m².
Correct answer: B
, Rationale — Correct (B)
CMDT emphasizes lifestyle modification (caloric reduction,
physical activity, behavioral strategies, structured follow-up) as
the first-line, evidence-based approach for most adults with
obesity before invasive or pharmacologic options, unless there
are severe comorbidities or prior failures. This balances
effectiveness and safety. AccessMedicine
Rationale — Incorrect
A: Very-low-calorie diets are not first-line and require close
supervision.
C: Pharmacotherapy is considered when lifestyle changes
insufficient or if BMI/comorbidities indicate, not as immediate
first step.
D: Bariatric surgery reserved for higher BMI thresholds with
failed conservative therapy or severe comorbidity; not
immediate.
Teaching point:
Begin obesity care with structured lifestyle modification and
regular follow-up.
Citation (Simplified APA):
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
AccessMedicine
3
