BIOL252: Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab 2026
| Module 8 Actual Exam | 70+ Questions & Verified
Answers | Portage Learning | Endocrine &
Cardiovascular Systems
Q001: A 2026 Portage A&P II student is tracing a drop of blood from the left coronary
artery to the coronary sinus. Which sequence correctly lists the vessels encountered?
Options:
A. Left coronary artery → anterior interventricular vein → great cardiac vein → coronary
sinus
B. Left coronary artery → great cardiac vein → anterior interventricular artery →
coronary sinus
C. Left coronary artery → great cardiac vein → coronary sinus
D. Left coronary artery → coronary sinus → great cardiac vein
(Correct Answer: C)
Q002: During a 2026 physiology lab, an ECG trace shows a P-R interval of 0.28 s. Which
statement best describes the underlying electrical event?
Options:
A. Rapid depolarization of the ventricles
B. Delayed conduction through the AV node
C. Repolarization of the atria
D. Spontaneous firing from the Purkinje fibers
(Correct Answer: B)
Q003: A student measures serum TSH in a simulated patient receiving high-dose
dexamethasone. Which result is expected for 2026 feedback mechanisms?
Options:
A. TSH markedly elevated due to TRH suppression
B. TSH suppressed due to increased CRH
C. TSH suppressed due to negative feedback on the hypothalamus
D. TSH unchanged because cortisol does not affect thyrotropes
(Correct Answer: C)
,Q004: In a 2026 A&P II wet-lab heart, the instructor points to a thin, transparent layer
covering the myocardium. Which layer is it?
Options:
A. Parietal pericardium
B. Visceral pericardium (epicardium)
C. Endocardium
D. Myocardium
(Correct Answer: B)
Q005: A 2026 virtual lab demonstrates the Frank-Starling mechanism. Which factor
increases stroke volume according to this principle?
Options:
A. Decreased ventricular filling (preload)
B. Increased ventricular filling (preload)
C. Increased afterload
D. Decreased contractility
(Correct Answer: B)
Q006: A student analyzes a 2026 ECG strip: regular R-R, normal P waves, QRS 0.06 s,
rate 98 bpm. What is the rhythm?
Options:
A. Sinus bradycardia
B. Normal sinus rhythm
C. Sinus tachycardia
D. First-degree AV block
(Correct Answer: C)
Q007: During a 2026 physiology experiment, acetylcholine is applied to an isolated frog
heart. What immediate change is expected?
Options:
A. Increased heart rate
B. Decreased heart rate
C. Increased ventricular contractility
D. Prolonged QRS duration
(Correct Answer: B)
Q008: A 2026 histology image shows long, branched, striated cells with one central
nucleus. Which best describes these cells?
, Options:
A. Skeletal muscle fibers
B. Cardiac muscle fibers
C. Smooth muscle fibers
D. Purkinje fibers
(Correct Answer: B)
Q009: In a 2026 endocrine simulation, TRH is injected into a hypophysectomized rat
with an intact thyroid. What happens to plasma T₃/T₄?
Options:
A. Sharp increase
B. No change
C. Gradual decrease
D. Immediate decrease
(Correct Answer: B)
Q010: A student calculates cardiac output using Fick equation: VO₂ 250 mL/min, Hb 15
g/dL, SaO₂ 98%, SvO₂ 73%. Which value is closest to cardiac output (assume standard
constants)?
Options:
A. 3.5 L/min
B. 5.0 L/min
C. 6.5 L/min
D. 8.0 L/min
(Correct Answer: B)
Q011: A 2026 ECG shows absent P waves, irregular baseline, and variable R-R intervals.
Ventricular response ~110 bpm. What is the rhythm?
Options:
A. Atrial flutter
B. Atrial fibrillation
C. Ventricular tachycardia
D. Third-degree AV block
(Correct Answer: B)
Q012: During a 2026 lab on cardiac cycle phases, which event marks the beginning of
ventricular systole?
Options:
| Module 8 Actual Exam | 70+ Questions & Verified
Answers | Portage Learning | Endocrine &
Cardiovascular Systems
Q001: A 2026 Portage A&P II student is tracing a drop of blood from the left coronary
artery to the coronary sinus. Which sequence correctly lists the vessels encountered?
Options:
A. Left coronary artery → anterior interventricular vein → great cardiac vein → coronary
sinus
B. Left coronary artery → great cardiac vein → anterior interventricular artery →
coronary sinus
C. Left coronary artery → great cardiac vein → coronary sinus
D. Left coronary artery → coronary sinus → great cardiac vein
(Correct Answer: C)
Q002: During a 2026 physiology lab, an ECG trace shows a P-R interval of 0.28 s. Which
statement best describes the underlying electrical event?
Options:
A. Rapid depolarization of the ventricles
B. Delayed conduction through the AV node
C. Repolarization of the atria
D. Spontaneous firing from the Purkinje fibers
(Correct Answer: B)
Q003: A student measures serum TSH in a simulated patient receiving high-dose
dexamethasone. Which result is expected for 2026 feedback mechanisms?
Options:
A. TSH markedly elevated due to TRH suppression
B. TSH suppressed due to increased CRH
C. TSH suppressed due to negative feedback on the hypothalamus
D. TSH unchanged because cortisol does not affect thyrotropes
(Correct Answer: C)
,Q004: In a 2026 A&P II wet-lab heart, the instructor points to a thin, transparent layer
covering the myocardium. Which layer is it?
Options:
A. Parietal pericardium
B. Visceral pericardium (epicardium)
C. Endocardium
D. Myocardium
(Correct Answer: B)
Q005: A 2026 virtual lab demonstrates the Frank-Starling mechanism. Which factor
increases stroke volume according to this principle?
Options:
A. Decreased ventricular filling (preload)
B. Increased ventricular filling (preload)
C. Increased afterload
D. Decreased contractility
(Correct Answer: B)
Q006: A student analyzes a 2026 ECG strip: regular R-R, normal P waves, QRS 0.06 s,
rate 98 bpm. What is the rhythm?
Options:
A. Sinus bradycardia
B. Normal sinus rhythm
C. Sinus tachycardia
D. First-degree AV block
(Correct Answer: C)
Q007: During a 2026 physiology experiment, acetylcholine is applied to an isolated frog
heart. What immediate change is expected?
Options:
A. Increased heart rate
B. Decreased heart rate
C. Increased ventricular contractility
D. Prolonged QRS duration
(Correct Answer: B)
Q008: A 2026 histology image shows long, branched, striated cells with one central
nucleus. Which best describes these cells?
, Options:
A. Skeletal muscle fibers
B. Cardiac muscle fibers
C. Smooth muscle fibers
D. Purkinje fibers
(Correct Answer: B)
Q009: In a 2026 endocrine simulation, TRH is injected into a hypophysectomized rat
with an intact thyroid. What happens to plasma T₃/T₄?
Options:
A. Sharp increase
B. No change
C. Gradual decrease
D. Immediate decrease
(Correct Answer: B)
Q010: A student calculates cardiac output using Fick equation: VO₂ 250 mL/min, Hb 15
g/dL, SaO₂ 98%, SvO₂ 73%. Which value is closest to cardiac output (assume standard
constants)?
Options:
A. 3.5 L/min
B. 5.0 L/min
C. 6.5 L/min
D. 8.0 L/min
(Correct Answer: B)
Q011: A 2026 ECG shows absent P waves, irregular baseline, and variable R-R intervals.
Ventricular response ~110 bpm. What is the rhythm?
Options:
A. Atrial flutter
B. Atrial fibrillation
C. Ventricular tachycardia
D. Third-degree AV block
(Correct Answer: B)
Q012: During a 2026 lab on cardiac cycle phases, which event marks the beginning of
ventricular systole?
Options:
