BIOL252: Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab 2026
| Module 8 Exam Review | 70+ Questions & Verified
Answers | Portage Learning | Endocrine &
Cardiovascular Systems
Q001: A 28-year-old female presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and a serum osmolality of
320 mOsm/kg. Her ADH level is below normal. Which endocrine organ dysfunction is
primarily responsible?
Options:
A. Anterior pituitary
B. Posterior pituitary
C. Adrenal cortex
D. Thyroid gland
(Correct Answer: B)
Q002: During the cardiac cycle, which valve closes immediately after the QRS complex
is observed on an ECG?
Options:
A. Aortic valve
B. Pulmonary valve
C. Tricuspid valve
D. Mitral valve
(Correct Answer: D)
Q003: A patient’s ECG shows a PR interval of 0.28 seconds. Which physiological region
is experiencing delayed conduction?
Options:
A. SA node
B. AV node
C. Bundle of His
D. Purkinje fibers
(Correct Answer: B)
Q004: Which hormone is released by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex?
,Options:
A. Aldosterone
B. Cortisol
C. Epinephrine
D. ADH
(Correct Answer: B)
Q005: A 45-year-old male has a resting heart rate of 45 bpm. Which endocrine hormone,
when elevated, is most likely contributing to this bradycardia?
Options:
A. Thyroxine (T₄)
B. Calcitonin
C. Triiodothyronine (T₃)
D. Thyroxine (T₄) deficiency
(Correct Answer: D)
Q006: Which of the following vessels delivers oxygenated blood directly to the
myocardium?
Options:
A. Coronary sinus
B. Left coronary artery
C. Superior vena cava
D. Pulmonary artery
(Correct Answer: B)
Q007: A patient’s blood test reveals elevated T₃, T₄, and undetectable TSH. Which
feedback mechanism is disrupted?
Options:
A. Positive feedback on the hypothalamus
B. Negative feedback on the anterior pituitary
C. Positive feedback on the thyroid
D. Negative feedback on the posterior pituitary
(Correct Answer: B)
Q008: Which phase of the cardiac cycle corresponds to ventricular relaxation and
dropping pressure?
Options:
A. Isovolumetric contraction
, B. Ventricular ejection
C. Isovolumetric relaxation
D. Atrial systole
(Correct Answer: C)
Q009: Which ECG wave represents ventricular repolarization?
Options:
A. P wave
B. QRS complex
C. T wave
D. U wave
(Correct Answer: C)
Q010: A patient with Addison’s disease will exhibit which serum electrolyte pattern?
Options:
A. Hypernatremia, hyperkalemia
B. Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia
C. Hyponatremia, hypokalemia
D. Hypernatremia, hypokalemia
(Correct Answer: B)
Q011: Which heart chamber has the thickest wall and why?
Options:
A. Right atrium, because it pumps to the lungs
B. Left atrium, because it receives systemic blood
C. Right ventricle, because it overcomes high pulmonary resistance
D. Left ventricle, because it overcomes high systemic resistance
(Correct Answer: D)
Q012: Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the distal nephron?
Options:
A. Cortisol
B. Aldosterone
C. ADH
D. ANP
(Correct Answer: C)
| Module 8 Exam Review | 70+ Questions & Verified
Answers | Portage Learning | Endocrine &
Cardiovascular Systems
Q001: A 28-year-old female presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and a serum osmolality of
320 mOsm/kg. Her ADH level is below normal. Which endocrine organ dysfunction is
primarily responsible?
Options:
A. Anterior pituitary
B. Posterior pituitary
C. Adrenal cortex
D. Thyroid gland
(Correct Answer: B)
Q002: During the cardiac cycle, which valve closes immediately after the QRS complex
is observed on an ECG?
Options:
A. Aortic valve
B. Pulmonary valve
C. Tricuspid valve
D. Mitral valve
(Correct Answer: D)
Q003: A patient’s ECG shows a PR interval of 0.28 seconds. Which physiological region
is experiencing delayed conduction?
Options:
A. SA node
B. AV node
C. Bundle of His
D. Purkinje fibers
(Correct Answer: B)
Q004: Which hormone is released by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex?
,Options:
A. Aldosterone
B. Cortisol
C. Epinephrine
D. ADH
(Correct Answer: B)
Q005: A 45-year-old male has a resting heart rate of 45 bpm. Which endocrine hormone,
when elevated, is most likely contributing to this bradycardia?
Options:
A. Thyroxine (T₄)
B. Calcitonin
C. Triiodothyronine (T₃)
D. Thyroxine (T₄) deficiency
(Correct Answer: D)
Q006: Which of the following vessels delivers oxygenated blood directly to the
myocardium?
Options:
A. Coronary sinus
B. Left coronary artery
C. Superior vena cava
D. Pulmonary artery
(Correct Answer: B)
Q007: A patient’s blood test reveals elevated T₃, T₄, and undetectable TSH. Which
feedback mechanism is disrupted?
Options:
A. Positive feedback on the hypothalamus
B. Negative feedback on the anterior pituitary
C. Positive feedback on the thyroid
D. Negative feedback on the posterior pituitary
(Correct Answer: B)
Q008: Which phase of the cardiac cycle corresponds to ventricular relaxation and
dropping pressure?
Options:
A. Isovolumetric contraction
, B. Ventricular ejection
C. Isovolumetric relaxation
D. Atrial systole
(Correct Answer: C)
Q009: Which ECG wave represents ventricular repolarization?
Options:
A. P wave
B. QRS complex
C. T wave
D. U wave
(Correct Answer: C)
Q010: A patient with Addison’s disease will exhibit which serum electrolyte pattern?
Options:
A. Hypernatremia, hyperkalemia
B. Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia
C. Hyponatremia, hypokalemia
D. Hypernatremia, hypokalemia
(Correct Answer: B)
Q011: Which heart chamber has the thickest wall and why?
Options:
A. Right atrium, because it pumps to the lungs
B. Left atrium, because it receives systemic blood
C. Right ventricle, because it overcomes high pulmonary resistance
D. Left ventricle, because it overcomes high systemic resistance
(Correct Answer: D)
Q012: Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the distal nephron?
Options:
A. Cortisol
B. Aldosterone
C. ADH
D. ANP
(Correct Answer: C)
