Internet and Web Technologies

The following notes discuss routing. Routing is the process of finding the best path to send data from source to destination. It explains in detail what an autonomous system is. In addition, it discusses the similarities and differences between interior routing protocols and exterior routing protocols. Moreover, it discusses routing tables and how they work and operate to do their required tasks. Furthermore, it discusses topics in discrete structures such as Dijkstra's algorithm, a dynamic gra...

The following notes discuss the transport layer. The transport layer is the fourth layer of the OSI model and is responsible for providing logical communication between the processes of apps that operate on different hosts. The notes begin by discussing the transport layer in detail. In addition, it analyzes major transport layer protocols such as UDP, TCP, and NAT. It talks about port forwarding, a socket, the three-way handshake, and the four-way handshake.

The following notes discuss the network layer. It begins by discussing topics that will be covered later in the notes such as packet forwarding, end-to-end communication, the architecture of the Internet, and various routing protocols. In addition, it analyzes what a local area network is in detail. Moreover, it discusses the Internet Protocol which laid the foundation for communication across the network. Furthermore, it discusses classful addressing, classless interdomain routing (CIDR), the s...

The following notes discuss scopes and closures. It will analyze the three different types of scopes including lexical scope, global scope, and function scope. In addition, it discusses how data is represented in most programming languages. It will talk about other important things in JavaScript functions, the concept of memoization, and namespacing private functions. Moreover, it covers redundant concepts discussed in previous notes such as different types of variables and the difference betwee...

The following notes discuss the data link layer, the second layer of the OSI model. It describes the functions of the data link layer. In addition, it compares and contrasts two sublayers of the OSI model, which are the logical link control layer and the media access control layer. Moreover, it analyzes VLANs, MAC addresses, Ethertype, frame types, switches, duration, etc.

The following notes discuss the OSI and TCP conceptual model. It will focus on the history of protocols and how they laid the foundation for modern computing. In addition, it describes each layer of abstraction which allow devices across the web to communicate with each other. Moreover, it will discuss the similarities and differences between both models.

The following notes will discuss the basics of the JavaScript programming language, different types of evaluation methods, and general categories of languages. It will teach students how to print to console, write comments, declare variables, and create other functions. In addition, it will discuss the difference between lazy and eager evaluation as well as the difference between a compiled language and an interpreted language.

The following notes discuss the observer pattern. According to them, the observer pattern is a design pattern where an object can keep a list of its dependent variables and functions. It discusses what an observer pattern is in detail. In addition, it discusses what a subject class is as well as what node patterns are.

The notes discuss the physical layer. It discusses the functions of the physical layer, the mediums used such as cables, and devices that operate on it such as hubs. Furthermore, it discusses protocols that operate on the physical layer such as CSMA/CA and CSMA/CD. It discusses about its history and how it evolved to make better devices.

The notes discuss asynchronous programming in JavaScript. It begins by discussing the "lib uv" library, a set of words in C that support asynchronous I/O based operations by the usage of the event loop. In addition, it analyzes a protocol called DNS, a protocol that converts human-readable domain names into IP addresses. Moreover, it lists important information about an event loop.