CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
Part 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion (5 items)
Item 1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Immunizations (Adult vaccination recommendations)
Question: A 68-year-old man with well-controlled type 2
diabetes presents for routine care. Which vaccination should be
prioritized now to reduce his risk of pneumococcal pneumonia
and invasive pneumococcal disease?
A. One dose of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) this
,season
B. A single dose of PCV20 (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 20-
valent) now
C. PPSV23 (pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine) only, at age
≥70
D. No pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for adults with
diabetes
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct: CMDT recommends pneumococcal
conjugate vaccines for older adults and those with chronic
conditions (like diabetes) to provide broad protection; PCV20
covers many serotypes and is appropriate for immediate
administration in eligible adults.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. LAIV is contraindicated in older adults and is not the
appropriate pneumococcal prevention.
C. PPSV23 alone is less optimal than conjugate vaccine
strategies and timing differs; conjugate vaccine (PCV20)
provides better immunogenicity for current recommendations.
D. Incorrect — adults with diabetes are included in
pneumococcal vaccination recommendations.
Teaching point: Adults ≥65 or with chronic disease should
receive appropriate pneumococcal conjugate vaccination.
Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1. AccessMedicine
,Item 2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Cancer screening (Colorectal cancer screening)
Question: A 55-year-old woman with no family history of
colorectal cancer asks about screening options. For shared
decision-making emphasizing sensitivity and patient preference,
which option is the most defensible first-line recommendation?
A. Annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT) as a noninvasive
option
B. No screening until age 60 unless symptoms develop
C. Colonoscopy every 10 years is mandatory without
alternatives
D. CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) blood test yearly
Correct answer: A
Rationale — Correct: CMDT endorses several acceptable
screening strategies; for average-risk adults aged 45–75,
noninvasive options such as annual FIT are acceptable and
encourage adherence while providing good sensitivity for
colorectal neoplasia.
Rationale — Incorrect:
B. Delaying screening to 60 is inconsistent with guideline-based
screening that begins earlier (typically 45–50).
C. Colonoscopy is an appropriate option but is not the only
acceptable choice; presenting alternatives supports shared
decision-making.
, D. CEA is not recommended as a primary screening test for
average-risk colorectal cancer.
Teaching point: Offer multiple validated screening options (FIT,
colonoscopy) and individualize by preference.
Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1. AccessMedicine
Item 3
Reference: Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Tobacco cessation interventions
Question: A 52-year-old man with COPD wants to quit smoking.
According to evidence-based primary care strategies, which
initial combination improves quit rates most effectively?
A. Brief physician advice alone at each visit
B. Nicotine replacement therapy (patch) combined with
counseling support
C. Advice to reduce cigarettes per day without
pharmacotherapy
D. Varenicline is contraindicated in all patients with COPD
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct: CMDT emphasizes that combining
pharmacotherapy (eg, nicotine replacement) with behavioral
counseling yields higher cessation rates than advice or
pharmacotherapy alone.
Rationale — Incorrect:
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
Part 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion (5 items)
Item 1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Immunizations (Adult vaccination recommendations)
Question: A 68-year-old man with well-controlled type 2
diabetes presents for routine care. Which vaccination should be
prioritized now to reduce his risk of pneumococcal pneumonia
and invasive pneumococcal disease?
A. One dose of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) this
,season
B. A single dose of PCV20 (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 20-
valent) now
C. PPSV23 (pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine) only, at age
≥70
D. No pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for adults with
diabetes
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct: CMDT recommends pneumococcal
conjugate vaccines for older adults and those with chronic
conditions (like diabetes) to provide broad protection; PCV20
covers many serotypes and is appropriate for immediate
administration in eligible adults.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. LAIV is contraindicated in older adults and is not the
appropriate pneumococcal prevention.
C. PPSV23 alone is less optimal than conjugate vaccine
strategies and timing differs; conjugate vaccine (PCV20)
provides better immunogenicity for current recommendations.
D. Incorrect — adults with diabetes are included in
pneumococcal vaccination recommendations.
Teaching point: Adults ≥65 or with chronic disease should
receive appropriate pneumococcal conjugate vaccination.
Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1. AccessMedicine
,Item 2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Cancer screening (Colorectal cancer screening)
Question: A 55-year-old woman with no family history of
colorectal cancer asks about screening options. For shared
decision-making emphasizing sensitivity and patient preference,
which option is the most defensible first-line recommendation?
A. Annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT) as a noninvasive
option
B. No screening until age 60 unless symptoms develop
C. Colonoscopy every 10 years is mandatory without
alternatives
D. CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) blood test yearly
Correct answer: A
Rationale — Correct: CMDT endorses several acceptable
screening strategies; for average-risk adults aged 45–75,
noninvasive options such as annual FIT are acceptable and
encourage adherence while providing good sensitivity for
colorectal neoplasia.
Rationale — Incorrect:
B. Delaying screening to 60 is inconsistent with guideline-based
screening that begins earlier (typically 45–50).
C. Colonoscopy is an appropriate option but is not the only
acceptable choice; presenting alternatives supports shared
decision-making.
, D. CEA is not recommended as a primary screening test for
average-risk colorectal cancer.
Teaching point: Offer multiple validated screening options (FIT,
colonoscopy) and individualize by preference.
Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1. AccessMedicine
Item 3
Reference: Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Tobacco cessation interventions
Question: A 52-year-old man with COPD wants to quit smoking.
According to evidence-based primary care strategies, which
initial combination improves quit rates most effectively?
A. Brief physician advice alone at each visit
B. Nicotine replacement therapy (patch) combined with
counseling support
C. Advice to reduce cigarettes per day without
pharmacotherapy
D. Varenicline is contraindicated in all patients with COPD
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct: CMDT emphasizes that combining
pharmacotherapy (eg, nicotine replacement) with behavioral
counseling yields higher cessation rates than advice or
pharmacotherapy alone.
Rationale — Incorrect:
