CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1
Reference: Ch. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Preventive Screening and Risk Assessment
Question Stem: A 56-year-old man with a 30–pack-year
smoking history and well-controlled hypertension asks which
screening test would most likely reduce mortality from the
disease he’s at greatest risk for. Which screening strategy is
most appropriate?
,A. Annual low-dose chest CT for lung cancer screening
B. Chest x-ray every 3 years for lung cancer screening
C. Sputum cytology annually
D. No screening is effective for smokers
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
Correct (A): Low-dose chest CT screening for high-risk smokers
reduces lung-cancer mortality by detecting early-stage lesions
amenable to curative treatment; it is the recommended
modality for asymptomatic high-risk individuals.
Incorrect (B): Chest x-ray lacks sensitivity for early lung cancer
and has not been shown to reduce mortality; it is not
recommended for screening.
Incorrect (C): Sputum cytology has low sensitivity for early
disease and has not reliably reduced lung cancer mortality
when used for population screening.
Incorrect (D): This is incorrect because targeted screening (low-
dose CT) for defined high-risk smokers does reduce mortality.
Teaching Point: Low-dose chest CT reduces lung-cancer
mortality in defined high-risk smokers.
Citation: Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. Disease Prevention & Health
Promotion.
2
,Reference: Ch. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Immunizations and Adult Vaccination
Question Stem: A 68-year-old woman with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) asks which immunizations will most
reduce her risk of serious respiratory infection this season.
Which immunizations should be prioritized?
A. Annual influenza vaccine and pneumococcal vaccination per
age/comorbidity guidance
B. Tetanus–diphtheria booster only
C. Live attenuated intranasal influenza vaccine only
D. Varicella vaccine only
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
Correct (A): Annual influenza vaccination and age-/risk-
appropriate pneumococcal vaccination reduce severe
respiratory infections in older adults and those with chronic
pulmonary disease.
Incorrect (B): Tetanus-diphtheria boosters protect against
tetanus/diphtheria but do not reduce respiratory infection risk.
Incorrect (C): Live intranasal influenza vaccine is generally not
recommended for older adults or those with COPD; inactivated
influenza vaccine is preferred.
Incorrect (D): Varicella vaccine protects against
chickenpox/shingles risk in selected adults, but it is not the
priority for preventing acute respiratory infections in older
adults with COPD.
, Teaching Point: Prioritize inactivated influenza and
pneumococcal vaccines for older adults with chronic lung
disease.
Citation: Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. Disease Prevention & Health
Promotion.
3
Reference: Ch. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Counseling and Behavior Change
Question Stem: A 45-year-old woman with BMI 34 kg/m²
expresses readiness to lose weight after being counseled.
Which initial counseling approach most effectively uses
behavior change principles to promote sustained weight loss?
A. Set a SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant,
Time-bound) goal and arrange follow-up and referrals
B. Provide a single handout listing all diet plans and advise to
choose one
C. Tell the patient to “just exercise more” without specific
targets
D. Prescribe a restrictive caloric plan and ask patient to return in
6 months
Correct Answer: A
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1
Reference: Ch. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Preventive Screening and Risk Assessment
Question Stem: A 56-year-old man with a 30–pack-year
smoking history and well-controlled hypertension asks which
screening test would most likely reduce mortality from the
disease he’s at greatest risk for. Which screening strategy is
most appropriate?
,A. Annual low-dose chest CT for lung cancer screening
B. Chest x-ray every 3 years for lung cancer screening
C. Sputum cytology annually
D. No screening is effective for smokers
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
Correct (A): Low-dose chest CT screening for high-risk smokers
reduces lung-cancer mortality by detecting early-stage lesions
amenable to curative treatment; it is the recommended
modality for asymptomatic high-risk individuals.
Incorrect (B): Chest x-ray lacks sensitivity for early lung cancer
and has not been shown to reduce mortality; it is not
recommended for screening.
Incorrect (C): Sputum cytology has low sensitivity for early
disease and has not reliably reduced lung cancer mortality
when used for population screening.
Incorrect (D): This is incorrect because targeted screening (low-
dose CT) for defined high-risk smokers does reduce mortality.
Teaching Point: Low-dose chest CT reduces lung-cancer
mortality in defined high-risk smokers.
Citation: Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. Disease Prevention & Health
Promotion.
2
,Reference: Ch. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Immunizations and Adult Vaccination
Question Stem: A 68-year-old woman with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) asks which immunizations will most
reduce her risk of serious respiratory infection this season.
Which immunizations should be prioritized?
A. Annual influenza vaccine and pneumococcal vaccination per
age/comorbidity guidance
B. Tetanus–diphtheria booster only
C. Live attenuated intranasal influenza vaccine only
D. Varicella vaccine only
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
Correct (A): Annual influenza vaccination and age-/risk-
appropriate pneumococcal vaccination reduce severe
respiratory infections in older adults and those with chronic
pulmonary disease.
Incorrect (B): Tetanus-diphtheria boosters protect against
tetanus/diphtheria but do not reduce respiratory infection risk.
Incorrect (C): Live intranasal influenza vaccine is generally not
recommended for older adults or those with COPD; inactivated
influenza vaccine is preferred.
Incorrect (D): Varicella vaccine protects against
chickenpox/shingles risk in selected adults, but it is not the
priority for preventing acute respiratory infections in older
adults with COPD.
, Teaching Point: Prioritize inactivated influenza and
pneumococcal vaccines for older adults with chronic lung
disease.
Citation: Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. Disease Prevention & Health
Promotion.
3
Reference: Ch. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Counseling and Behavior Change
Question Stem: A 45-year-old woman with BMI 34 kg/m²
expresses readiness to lose weight after being counseled.
Which initial counseling approach most effectively uses
behavior change principles to promote sustained weight loss?
A. Set a SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant,
Time-bound) goal and arrange follow-up and referrals
B. Provide a single handout listing all diet plans and advise to
choose one
C. Tell the patient to “just exercise more” without specific
targets
D. Prescribe a restrictive caloric plan and ask patient to return in
6 months
Correct Answer: A
