PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
✔✔lexical and statistical - ✔✔When Cattell used factor analysis to reduce the number of
trait descriptive adjectives in his pool, he was combining the _____ approaches.
✔✔neuroticism - ✔✔A worrier would likely score high on the trait of
✔✔high neuroticism, low conscientious, and low agreeableness. - ✔✔A person who
engages in risky sexual behavior would have this combination of five factor traits:
✔✔nomination - ✔✔Roberto is interested in studying the trait of empathy using the act
frequency approach. He asks each of the participants in this phase of his study to write
down several behaviors highly empathetic people might perform. Roberto collects a
pool of 251 empathetic acts. This is called the act _____ procedure of the act frequency
approach.
✔✔Prototypicality judgments - ✔✔_____ used by the act frequency approach to figure
out which acts are most central to a trait category.
✔✔counting how often a behavior is performed. - ✔✔The "traits as causes" perspective
on personality characteristics is useful in all of the following areas EXCEPT
✔✔Interpersonal traits - ✔✔_____ are traits that describe how people act with other
people.
✔✔orthogonal. - ✔✔In Wiggins' circumplex, the traits of dominance and warmth-
agreeableness are
✔✔Eysenck - ✔✔Whose model of personality includes three main traits?
✔✔Faking - ✔✔_____ is most likely to be a measurement issue when important
decisions will be based on the outcome of the measure.
✔✔Faking Good - ✔✔Josh has been required to complete an anger management
course as part of his sentencing for his conviction in a road rage incident. He completes
a personality test and answers the questions in a way that he believes will reduce the
amount time he will spend in the course. In terms of psychological measurement issues
Josh is
✔✔=f(P x S) - ✔✔According to the person-situation interaction point of view, behavior
✔✔the extremely strong effects of the immediate situation. - ✔✔Vince is watching his
school's team play in the championship basketball game. He is wildly cheering his team
,on to victory, talking to everyone around him, even though they are strangers, and
shouting at the referees for making bad calls on his team. From psychologist Walter
Mischel's perspective, Vince is primarily behaving due to
✔✔Situational specificity - ✔✔_____ is the concept that refers to the idea that a person
may act in a certain way only in particular circumstances.
✔✔use a series of Barnum statements to assess personality. - ✔✔In order to select
personnel for a job, a psychologist would NOT
✔✔will be as friendly, outgoing, and sociable as she is now in the future. - ✔✔Vicki has
been your friend for several years. Generally she is a very friendly, outgoing, and
sociable person. Based on what you know about Vicki's personality you predict that she
✔✔shyness averaged over a month; shyness averaged over a different month - ✔✔The
correlation between _____ and ____ would likely be the highest.
✔✔ambiguity of the situation. - ✔✔You are in a traffic jam and are not able to discern
the cause of the delay. While waiting you observe the behavior of the individuals in the
cars around you. The angry woman is honking her horn. The narcissistic man is
carefully combing his hair. A patient girl is sitting back calmly listening to music. And
you're thinking your analytic skills are going to make you a great psychologist! The
variety of behaviors being exhibited by the drivers in this situation are most likely due to
the
✔✔human nature level of analysis. - ✔✔The ability to learn spoken language is an
example of the
✔✔any definition of personality needs to be sufficiently comprehensive to include a
multitude of concepts. - ✔✔Psychologists have found it difficult to define personality
because
✔✔trait-descriptive adjectives - ✔✔Features of personality that differentiate one person
from another usually take the form of _____ in language.
✔✔predictive - ✔✔Immanuel walks the same path every day at the same time. To state
that he will most likely take the same route at the same time next Wednesday is using
the _____ nature of personality traits.
✔✔adjustment - ✔✔Which domain focuses most on the relationships between
personality and health behaviors?
✔✔Subjective experience - ✔✔Which of the following does NOT fall within the biological
domain of knowledge?
, ✔✔our characteristics unintentionally cause other people to act a certain way. -
✔✔Evocations are demonstrated when
✔✔More than 20,000 - ✔✔How many trait-descriptive adjectives are there in the English
language?
✔✔two personality dispositions. - ✔✔Which trait theory best exemplifies the principle of
parsimony? A theory that proposes
✔✔Perceptions - ✔✔Responses to an ink-blot test can demonstrate which part of the
person-environment interaction?
✔✔Manipulation - ✔✔Which of the following is NOT important in evaluating a
personality measure?
✔✔S-data. - ✔✔What a person tells you about his or her attitudes would be considered
✔✔O-data - ✔✔data or information provided by knowledgeable observers such as
parents,friends or teachers
✔✔L-data - ✔✔record data our information concerning the person that can be obtained
from the person's life history or life record
✔✔T-Data - ✔✔data derived from personality tests that are resistant to faking; involvces
the use of what Cattel "objective" tests, in which a person responds without knowing
what aspect of behavior is being evaluated
✔✔theoretical constructs. - ✔✔All personality variables are
✔✔Intimate observers are useless if they do not understand personality psychology. -
✔✔Which of the following statements about O-data is FALSE?
✔✔the sum of a few individual ratings. - ✔✔Personality scales are usually made up of
✔✔test-retest reliability. - ✔✔If a person receives similar scores when taking a
personality test many times, that test has high
✔✔life-outcome data. - ✔✔I conduct a study of safe drivers for a major insurance
company and collect data from a sample of 1,000 drivers and examine their driving
records over a 10-year period. This study is using
✔✔triangulation. - ✔✔I measure dominance in male business executives in a variety of
ways. The executives complete a dominance questionnaire and their employees
complete observer reports of their boss' dominance. I examine the executives'
GRADED A+
✔✔lexical and statistical - ✔✔When Cattell used factor analysis to reduce the number of
trait descriptive adjectives in his pool, he was combining the _____ approaches.
✔✔neuroticism - ✔✔A worrier would likely score high on the trait of
✔✔high neuroticism, low conscientious, and low agreeableness. - ✔✔A person who
engages in risky sexual behavior would have this combination of five factor traits:
✔✔nomination - ✔✔Roberto is interested in studying the trait of empathy using the act
frequency approach. He asks each of the participants in this phase of his study to write
down several behaviors highly empathetic people might perform. Roberto collects a
pool of 251 empathetic acts. This is called the act _____ procedure of the act frequency
approach.
✔✔Prototypicality judgments - ✔✔_____ used by the act frequency approach to figure
out which acts are most central to a trait category.
✔✔counting how often a behavior is performed. - ✔✔The "traits as causes" perspective
on personality characteristics is useful in all of the following areas EXCEPT
✔✔Interpersonal traits - ✔✔_____ are traits that describe how people act with other
people.
✔✔orthogonal. - ✔✔In Wiggins' circumplex, the traits of dominance and warmth-
agreeableness are
✔✔Eysenck - ✔✔Whose model of personality includes three main traits?
✔✔Faking - ✔✔_____ is most likely to be a measurement issue when important
decisions will be based on the outcome of the measure.
✔✔Faking Good - ✔✔Josh has been required to complete an anger management
course as part of his sentencing for his conviction in a road rage incident. He completes
a personality test and answers the questions in a way that he believes will reduce the
amount time he will spend in the course. In terms of psychological measurement issues
Josh is
✔✔=f(P x S) - ✔✔According to the person-situation interaction point of view, behavior
✔✔the extremely strong effects of the immediate situation. - ✔✔Vince is watching his
school's team play in the championship basketball game. He is wildly cheering his team
,on to victory, talking to everyone around him, even though they are strangers, and
shouting at the referees for making bad calls on his team. From psychologist Walter
Mischel's perspective, Vince is primarily behaving due to
✔✔Situational specificity - ✔✔_____ is the concept that refers to the idea that a person
may act in a certain way only in particular circumstances.
✔✔use a series of Barnum statements to assess personality. - ✔✔In order to select
personnel for a job, a psychologist would NOT
✔✔will be as friendly, outgoing, and sociable as she is now in the future. - ✔✔Vicki has
been your friend for several years. Generally she is a very friendly, outgoing, and
sociable person. Based on what you know about Vicki's personality you predict that she
✔✔shyness averaged over a month; shyness averaged over a different month - ✔✔The
correlation between _____ and ____ would likely be the highest.
✔✔ambiguity of the situation. - ✔✔You are in a traffic jam and are not able to discern
the cause of the delay. While waiting you observe the behavior of the individuals in the
cars around you. The angry woman is honking her horn. The narcissistic man is
carefully combing his hair. A patient girl is sitting back calmly listening to music. And
you're thinking your analytic skills are going to make you a great psychologist! The
variety of behaviors being exhibited by the drivers in this situation are most likely due to
the
✔✔human nature level of analysis. - ✔✔The ability to learn spoken language is an
example of the
✔✔any definition of personality needs to be sufficiently comprehensive to include a
multitude of concepts. - ✔✔Psychologists have found it difficult to define personality
because
✔✔trait-descriptive adjectives - ✔✔Features of personality that differentiate one person
from another usually take the form of _____ in language.
✔✔predictive - ✔✔Immanuel walks the same path every day at the same time. To state
that he will most likely take the same route at the same time next Wednesday is using
the _____ nature of personality traits.
✔✔adjustment - ✔✔Which domain focuses most on the relationships between
personality and health behaviors?
✔✔Subjective experience - ✔✔Which of the following does NOT fall within the biological
domain of knowledge?
, ✔✔our characteristics unintentionally cause other people to act a certain way. -
✔✔Evocations are demonstrated when
✔✔More than 20,000 - ✔✔How many trait-descriptive adjectives are there in the English
language?
✔✔two personality dispositions. - ✔✔Which trait theory best exemplifies the principle of
parsimony? A theory that proposes
✔✔Perceptions - ✔✔Responses to an ink-blot test can demonstrate which part of the
person-environment interaction?
✔✔Manipulation - ✔✔Which of the following is NOT important in evaluating a
personality measure?
✔✔S-data. - ✔✔What a person tells you about his or her attitudes would be considered
✔✔O-data - ✔✔data or information provided by knowledgeable observers such as
parents,friends or teachers
✔✔L-data - ✔✔record data our information concerning the person that can be obtained
from the person's life history or life record
✔✔T-Data - ✔✔data derived from personality tests that are resistant to faking; involvces
the use of what Cattel "objective" tests, in which a person responds without knowing
what aspect of behavior is being evaluated
✔✔theoretical constructs. - ✔✔All personality variables are
✔✔Intimate observers are useless if they do not understand personality psychology. -
✔✔Which of the following statements about O-data is FALSE?
✔✔the sum of a few individual ratings. - ✔✔Personality scales are usually made up of
✔✔test-retest reliability. - ✔✔If a person receives similar scores when taking a
personality test many times, that test has high
✔✔life-outcome data. - ✔✔I conduct a study of safe drivers for a major insurance
company and collect data from a sample of 1,000 drivers and examine their driving
records over a 10-year period. This study is using
✔✔triangulation. - ✔✔I measure dominance in male business executives in a variety of
ways. The executives complete a dominance questionnaire and their employees
complete observer reports of their boss' dominance. I examine the executives'
