DIRECT ACTION ANDERGENIC AGONIST DRUGS
NAME ACTIONS MET EFFECT USES AND EFFICACY
NON SELECTIVE
Adrenaline (alpha1/2 and Bronchospasm: used as a quick relief bronchodilator Vasoconstriction, reduction of insulin release, Anaphylactic reactions: for severe acute
beta 1/2/3) for acute and exacerbated symptoms od COPD. Only increase hearth rate, vasodilation and anaphylactic reactions including shock
when b2 antagonist are not active lipolysis/thermogenesis
CPR and cardiac arrythmias: for the alpha
andergenic stimulatory effects to increase blood
flow in ACLS during CPR
Noradrenaline (alpha 1/2 Increases the coronary blood flow. Increased systolic Vasoconstriction, relaxation GI smooth muscle, Acute hypotensive states: to produce
and beta 1) and diastolic pressure and constrict the blod vessels. salivary excretion, hepatic glycogenolysis, vasoconstriction and maintain BP
Causing increased peripheral resistance inhibition transm release, platelet aggregation,
vascular smooth muscle contraction, reduction Advanced cardiovasc. life support: in management
insulin release and increased cardiac rate of cardiac arrest and maintain adequate BP.
Isoprenaline (beta 1 and 2) Overall effect is cardiac stimulant. Causes vasodilation Increased heath rate and force, bronchodilation, Cardiac arrythmias and cardiac arrest: for
but strong increase of cardiac force. And causes vasodilation, relaxation of visceral sm.muscle. treatment of hearth block and Adam’s stroke attack
decrease in peripheral resistance hepatic glycogenolysis, muscle tremor
Shock: to produce cardiac stimulation and
vasodilation
dopamine In small doses – stimulates D1 receptors in renal, Vasoconstriction, relaxation GI smooth muscle, Shock: to correct hemodynamic imbalances
mesenteric and coronary vessels = vasodilation salivary excretion, hepatic glycogenolysis,
inhibition transm release, platelet aggregation, Advanced cardiovascular life support: for
In moderate doses – stimulates B1 receptors = vascular smooth muscle contraction, reduction symptomatic bradycardia in adults, associated to
+ionotropic actions insulin release hypotension.
In high doses – stimulated alpha 1 = vasoconstriction
and devreased renal blood flow
, DIRECT ACTION ANDERGENIC AGONIST DRUGS
NAME USES AND EFFECTS
SELECTIVE
Dobutamine (beta 1) Cardiac decompensation, shock and CHF (cardiac hearth failure): to increase cardiac output in short time treatment of cardiac decompensation caused by
organic disease. May be ineffective and harmful in mechanical obstruction.
CPR: potent ionotropic agent
Phenylephrine (alpha 1) Hypotension during anesthesia: parenterally to increase BP in patients w/clinically imp hypotension resulting from vasodilation during anesthesia
Prolongation of local anesthesia: to decrease rate of vascular absorption and prolong duration of spinal anesthesia
Septic shock: to restore BP and tissue perfusion in patients with important hypotension in setting of septic shock
Nasal congestion: self medication of temporary relief associated with upper respiratory allergy. Avoid in hypertension!!
Clonidine (alpha 2) Hypertension: management of hypertension
Hypertensive crises: effective in rapidly reducing BP in patients with severe hypertension when reduction was urgent
Pain: epidurally in conjunction with opioids helps in management of severe cancer pain that it is not relieved by analgesics
Opiate dependence: safely and effective for rapid detoxification in management of opiate withdrawal
Alcohol dependence: used with benzos to help with management of alcohol withdrawal
Smoking cessation: used in management of nicotine dependence
B2 antagonists
,OTHER ANDERGENIC AGONISTS DRUGS
NAME METAB ACTION USES AND EFFECTS
Nasal congestion, sinus congestion and other respiratory conditions:
used as self medication for relieve of nasal congestion in upper
respiratory allergy or for otitic barotrauma associated with air travel or
Pseudoephedrine Selective agonist alpha 1 receptor
underwater diving
WARNING: allow 2weeks to elapse between MAO inhibitors and
pseudoephedrine // concomitant disease is hypertension
Allergic rhinitis: symptom relief caused by histamine release. Avoid in
hypertension
Phenylpropanolamine Selective agonist alpha 1 receptor
WARNING: allow at least 2 weeks to elapse between MAO inhibitors and
initiation of phenylpropanolamine
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: in addition to physiological,
Inhibit the negative feedback mechanisms. CS stimulant action causes
Amphetamine educational, social and other measures to treat ADHD
alertness, euphoria, talkactivenes… (drug!!)
Narcolepsy: stimulant to reduce daytime sleepiness
Bronchospasm in asthma: management or prevention in patients with
reversible, obstructive airway disease
Salbutamol (SABA) Short acting beta 2 agonist Exercise-induced bronchospasm
COPD: management of reversible COPD in patients with symptoms after
the use or regularly bronchodilators
Bronchospasm in asthma: only used in long term asthma controller
therapy for patient with symptoms of airway obstruction and nocturnal
asthma
Salmetrol (LABA) Long acting B2 agonist
Exercise- induced bronchospasm prevention
Bronchospasm in COPD: long symptomatic treatment
Uterine relaxant to stop labor: start with 0.1mg/minute and then
augmented to 0.5mg/minute every 10 mins until labor. Once labor
Ritodrine B2 agonist
inhibited we reduce dose by 0.5mg/min every 30 minutes. Duration of
infusion is usually 10-24 hours
, ADRENERGIC ATAGONISTS
ANDREGENIC RECEPTORS TYPE DRUG USE INFO
Pheochromocytoma (adrenal
medulla tumor). Prevention or
treatment of paroxysmal
hypertension and sweating in
patients with disease. It has a longer duration of action
NON SELECTIVE Phenoxybenzamine
Drug of choice until surgery. than Phentolamine
Used in conjunction with
propranolol to control symptoms in
metastatic or inoperable patients
to control tachycardia f.e
ALPHA- ANDRENERGIC
Most effective when used with
ANTAGOISTS
Management of hypertension. diuretics. Beneficial effects on
Useful in management of resistant blood glucose and lipid
ALPHA 1 SELECTIVE Prazosin, doxazosin, terazosin
hypertension as a component of concentration. Best ones are
therapy. doxazosin and terazosin bc longer
duration of action.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Reduction of urinary obstruction
Should NOT be used for
SELECTIVE ALPHA 1a Tamulosin and Alfuzosin and relieves the symptoms in
hypertension treatment
hypertensive or normotensive
patients with the disease.
NON SELECTIVE BETWEEN B1 AND Angina, hypertension, cardiac
Propranolol, aloprenolol, dysrhythmias, anxiety, tremor,
B2
oxprenolol Glaucoma, hypertension, chronic Side effects: cold extremities,
stable angina, heart failure, post- depression, fatigue, hypoglycemia
BETA-BLOCKERS myocardial infarction, and Some show rapid first pass
Atenolol, metoprolol, decreased left ventricular function metabolism à poor bioavailability
B1 SELECTIVE after a recent myocardial
bisoprolol,
nebivolol infarction.
xdcfkvfgm
Hypertension in pregnancy and
Labetalol (alpha/beta antagonis) hearth failure (mild to severe of
MIXED ANTAGONISTS
ischemic origin)
Hypertension and heath failure
Cardvedilol (alfa 1 non selective)
(mild to severe of ischemic origin)
NAME ACTIONS MET EFFECT USES AND EFFICACY
NON SELECTIVE
Adrenaline (alpha1/2 and Bronchospasm: used as a quick relief bronchodilator Vasoconstriction, reduction of insulin release, Anaphylactic reactions: for severe acute
beta 1/2/3) for acute and exacerbated symptoms od COPD. Only increase hearth rate, vasodilation and anaphylactic reactions including shock
when b2 antagonist are not active lipolysis/thermogenesis
CPR and cardiac arrythmias: for the alpha
andergenic stimulatory effects to increase blood
flow in ACLS during CPR
Noradrenaline (alpha 1/2 Increases the coronary blood flow. Increased systolic Vasoconstriction, relaxation GI smooth muscle, Acute hypotensive states: to produce
and beta 1) and diastolic pressure and constrict the blod vessels. salivary excretion, hepatic glycogenolysis, vasoconstriction and maintain BP
Causing increased peripheral resistance inhibition transm release, platelet aggregation,
vascular smooth muscle contraction, reduction Advanced cardiovasc. life support: in management
insulin release and increased cardiac rate of cardiac arrest and maintain adequate BP.
Isoprenaline (beta 1 and 2) Overall effect is cardiac stimulant. Causes vasodilation Increased heath rate and force, bronchodilation, Cardiac arrythmias and cardiac arrest: for
but strong increase of cardiac force. And causes vasodilation, relaxation of visceral sm.muscle. treatment of hearth block and Adam’s stroke attack
decrease in peripheral resistance hepatic glycogenolysis, muscle tremor
Shock: to produce cardiac stimulation and
vasodilation
dopamine In small doses – stimulates D1 receptors in renal, Vasoconstriction, relaxation GI smooth muscle, Shock: to correct hemodynamic imbalances
mesenteric and coronary vessels = vasodilation salivary excretion, hepatic glycogenolysis,
inhibition transm release, platelet aggregation, Advanced cardiovascular life support: for
In moderate doses – stimulates B1 receptors = vascular smooth muscle contraction, reduction symptomatic bradycardia in adults, associated to
+ionotropic actions insulin release hypotension.
In high doses – stimulated alpha 1 = vasoconstriction
and devreased renal blood flow
, DIRECT ACTION ANDERGENIC AGONIST DRUGS
NAME USES AND EFFECTS
SELECTIVE
Dobutamine (beta 1) Cardiac decompensation, shock and CHF (cardiac hearth failure): to increase cardiac output in short time treatment of cardiac decompensation caused by
organic disease. May be ineffective and harmful in mechanical obstruction.
CPR: potent ionotropic agent
Phenylephrine (alpha 1) Hypotension during anesthesia: parenterally to increase BP in patients w/clinically imp hypotension resulting from vasodilation during anesthesia
Prolongation of local anesthesia: to decrease rate of vascular absorption and prolong duration of spinal anesthesia
Septic shock: to restore BP and tissue perfusion in patients with important hypotension in setting of septic shock
Nasal congestion: self medication of temporary relief associated with upper respiratory allergy. Avoid in hypertension!!
Clonidine (alpha 2) Hypertension: management of hypertension
Hypertensive crises: effective in rapidly reducing BP in patients with severe hypertension when reduction was urgent
Pain: epidurally in conjunction with opioids helps in management of severe cancer pain that it is not relieved by analgesics
Opiate dependence: safely and effective for rapid detoxification in management of opiate withdrawal
Alcohol dependence: used with benzos to help with management of alcohol withdrawal
Smoking cessation: used in management of nicotine dependence
B2 antagonists
,OTHER ANDERGENIC AGONISTS DRUGS
NAME METAB ACTION USES AND EFFECTS
Nasal congestion, sinus congestion and other respiratory conditions:
used as self medication for relieve of nasal congestion in upper
respiratory allergy or for otitic barotrauma associated with air travel or
Pseudoephedrine Selective agonist alpha 1 receptor
underwater diving
WARNING: allow 2weeks to elapse between MAO inhibitors and
pseudoephedrine // concomitant disease is hypertension
Allergic rhinitis: symptom relief caused by histamine release. Avoid in
hypertension
Phenylpropanolamine Selective agonist alpha 1 receptor
WARNING: allow at least 2 weeks to elapse between MAO inhibitors and
initiation of phenylpropanolamine
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: in addition to physiological,
Inhibit the negative feedback mechanisms. CS stimulant action causes
Amphetamine educational, social and other measures to treat ADHD
alertness, euphoria, talkactivenes… (drug!!)
Narcolepsy: stimulant to reduce daytime sleepiness
Bronchospasm in asthma: management or prevention in patients with
reversible, obstructive airway disease
Salbutamol (SABA) Short acting beta 2 agonist Exercise-induced bronchospasm
COPD: management of reversible COPD in patients with symptoms after
the use or regularly bronchodilators
Bronchospasm in asthma: only used in long term asthma controller
therapy for patient with symptoms of airway obstruction and nocturnal
asthma
Salmetrol (LABA) Long acting B2 agonist
Exercise- induced bronchospasm prevention
Bronchospasm in COPD: long symptomatic treatment
Uterine relaxant to stop labor: start with 0.1mg/minute and then
augmented to 0.5mg/minute every 10 mins until labor. Once labor
Ritodrine B2 agonist
inhibited we reduce dose by 0.5mg/min every 30 minutes. Duration of
infusion is usually 10-24 hours
, ADRENERGIC ATAGONISTS
ANDREGENIC RECEPTORS TYPE DRUG USE INFO
Pheochromocytoma (adrenal
medulla tumor). Prevention or
treatment of paroxysmal
hypertension and sweating in
patients with disease. It has a longer duration of action
NON SELECTIVE Phenoxybenzamine
Drug of choice until surgery. than Phentolamine
Used in conjunction with
propranolol to control symptoms in
metastatic or inoperable patients
to control tachycardia f.e
ALPHA- ANDRENERGIC
Most effective when used with
ANTAGOISTS
Management of hypertension. diuretics. Beneficial effects on
Useful in management of resistant blood glucose and lipid
ALPHA 1 SELECTIVE Prazosin, doxazosin, terazosin
hypertension as a component of concentration. Best ones are
therapy. doxazosin and terazosin bc longer
duration of action.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Reduction of urinary obstruction
Should NOT be used for
SELECTIVE ALPHA 1a Tamulosin and Alfuzosin and relieves the symptoms in
hypertension treatment
hypertensive or normotensive
patients with the disease.
NON SELECTIVE BETWEEN B1 AND Angina, hypertension, cardiac
Propranolol, aloprenolol, dysrhythmias, anxiety, tremor,
B2
oxprenolol Glaucoma, hypertension, chronic Side effects: cold extremities,
stable angina, heart failure, post- depression, fatigue, hypoglycemia
BETA-BLOCKERS myocardial infarction, and Some show rapid first pass
Atenolol, metoprolol, decreased left ventricular function metabolism à poor bioavailability
B1 SELECTIVE after a recent myocardial
bisoprolol,
nebivolol infarction.
xdcfkvfgm
Hypertension in pregnancy and
Labetalol (alpha/beta antagonis) hearth failure (mild to severe of
MIXED ANTAGONISTS
ischemic origin)
Hypertension and heath failure
Cardvedilol (alfa 1 non selective)
(mild to severe of ischemic origin)
