Test Bank For Pathophysiology 7th Edition

JacquelynL.Banasik-ISBN:9780323761550

,Chapter01:IntroductiontoPathophysiology
Banasik:Pathophysiology,7thEdition


MULTIPLECHOICE

1. C.Q.wasrecentlyexposedtogroupAhemolyticStreptococcusandsubsequentlydevelopeda
pharyngealinfection.Hisclinicexaminationrevealsanoraltemperatureof102.3F, skinrash,dysphagia,and
X




reddenedthroatmucosawithmultiplepustules.Hecomplainsofsorethroat,malaise,andjointstiffness.
X




AthroatcultureispositiveforStreptococcus,andantibioticshavebeenprescribed.
X




TheetiologyofC.Q.’sdisease is X




a. asorethroat.

b. streptococcalinfection.

c. geneticsusceptibility.

d. pharyngitis.

ANS:B
X




Etiologyreferstotheproposedcauseorcausesofaparticulardiseaseprocess.Asorethroatisthe
manifestationofthediseaseprocess.Geneticsusceptibilityreferstoinheritedtendencytodevelopadisease.
X




Pharyngitisreferstoinflammationofthethroatandisalsoaclinicalmanifestationofthediseaseprocess.
X




2. Anobesebutotherwisehealthyteenisgivenaprescriptionforalow-caloriedietandexercise
program.Thisisanexampleof
X




a. primaryprevention.

b. secondaryprevention.

c. tertiaryprevention.

d. diseasetreatment.

X ANS:B

Secondarypreventionistheearlydetection,screening,andmanagementofthediseasesuchasprescribingdiet
andexerciseforanindividualwhohasalreadydevelopedobesity.
X




Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyalteringsusceptibilityorreducingexposureforsusceptible
individuals.Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeandsupportivecareandattemptstoalleviatedisability
X




andrestoreeffectivefunctioning.Diseasetreatmentinvolvesmanagementofthediseaseonceithas
X




Xdeveloped.

,3. A17-year-oldcollege-boundstudentreceivesavaccineagainstanorganismthatcauses
X




meningitis.Thisisanexampleof
X




a. primaryprevention.

b. secondaryprevention.



c. tertiaryprevention.

d. diseasetreatment.

ANS:A
X




Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyalteringsusceptibilityorreducingexposureforsusceptible
individualsbyprovidingvaccination.Secondarypreventionistheearlydetection,screening,and
X




managementofthedisease.Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeandsupportivecareand
X




attemptstoalleviatedisabilityandrestoreeffectivefunctioning.Diseasetreatmentinvolvesmanagementof
thediseaseonceithasdeveloped.
X




4. Apatientwithhighbloodpressurewhoisotherwisehealthyiscounseledtorestrictsodium
intake.Thisisanexampleof
X




a. primaryprevention.

b. secondaryprevention.

c. tertiaryprevention.

d. diseasetreatment.

ANS:B
X




Secondarypreventionistheearlydetection,screening,andmanagementofthedisease,suchasbyprescribing
sodiumrestrictionforhighbloodpressure.Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyalteringsusceptibilityor
X




reducingexposureforsusceptibleindividuals.Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeandsupportivecareand
X




attemptstoalleviatedisabilityandrestoreeffectivefunctioning.Diseasetreatmentinvolvesmanagementofthe
X




diseaseonceithasdeveloped.
X

, 5. Aftersuffering aheartattack,amiddle-agedmaniscounseledtotakeacholesterol-lowering
b




medication.Thisisanexampleof
X




a. primaryprevention.

b. secondaryprevention.

c. tertiaryprevention.

d. diseasetreatment.

ANS:C
X




Tertiarypreventionincludesrehabilitativeandsupportivecareandattemptstoalleviatedisabilityand
restoreeffectivefunctioningsuchasprescribingacholesterol-lowering
X




medicationfollowingaheartattack.Primarypreventionispreventionofdiseasebyalteringsusceptibility
orreducingexpUosuSrefNorsTusceptibOleindividuals.Secondarypreventionisthe
X




earlydetection,screening,andmanagementofthedisease.Diseasetreatmentinvolvesmanagementofthe
diseaseonceithasdeveloped.
X




6. Apatienthasbeenexposedtomeningococcalmeningitis,butisnotyetdemonstratingsignsofthis
disease.Thisstageofillnessiscalledthe
X stage.

a. prodromal

b. latent

c. sequela

d. convalescence

X ANS:B

Incubationreferstotheintervalbetweenexposureofatissuetoaninjuriousagentandthefirstappearanceof
Xsignsandsymptoms.Ininfectiousdiseases,thisperiodisoftencalledtheincubation(latent)period.Prodromal
Xreferstotheappearanceofthefirstsignsandsymptomsindicatingtheonsetofadisease.Theseareoften
X nonspecific,suchasheadache,malaise,anorexia,andnausea,whichareassociatedwithanumberofdifferent
Xdiseases.

Sequelareferstosubsequentpathologicconditionresultingfromadisease.Convalescenceisthestageof
recoveryafteradisease,injury,orsurgicaloperation.
X




7. Adiseasethatisnativetoaparticularregioniscalled
X




a. epidemic.

b. endemic.