1
CALT EXAM (2025) comprehensive questions and
verified answers ( detailed & elaborated) ACTUAL
EXAM 2025 TEST!!
Components of Effective Literacy Instruction - (ANSWER)phonological and
phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension
The Big Five - (ANSWER)Nickname for the five essential components of effective
literacy instruction
National Reading Panel - (ANSWER)outlined the give essential components of
effective literacy instruction in report (year 2000)
What is the importance of the sound/symbol system? - (ANSWER)understanding
sounds/symbols enables students to sound out unfamiliar words, enables
students to build orthographic patterns, enables students to perceive larger
chunks of words, and enables students to use the context more efficiently
Sound/symbol foundation - (ANSWER)phonemic awareness and instant letter
recognition
Alphabetic Principle - (ANSWER)a phoneme is represented by a grapheme
phoneme - (ANSWER)smallest unit of sound in a word which effects meaning
grapheme - (ANSWER)letter or group of letters used to represent one sound
, 2
Reading and Written Expressive Language - (ANSWER)the two components of
Literacy Instruction
Decoding and Comprehension - (ANSWER)the two components of reading
Mechanics and Composition/Creativity - (ANSWER)the two components of
Written Expressive Language
Opportunities and Direct Instruction - (ANSWER)the two components of
instruction
Decoding - (ANSWER)instant word recognition, phonemic awareness,
sound/symbol association (instant letter recognition), structural analysis, context
Listening Comprehension - (ANSWER)oral language (most important!), world
knowledge, strategic thinking, inference making
Fluency - (ANSWER)bridge between decoding and comprehension
Comprehension - (ANSWER)the ultimate goal of reading
Instant Word Recognition - (ANSWER)acquired through repeated exposure to the
word and from over learning the patterns of language
, 3
Mechanics - (ANSWER)sentence structure, paragraph structure, spelling,
handwriting (writer should be comfortable with spelling and handwriting)
composition/creativity - (ANSWER)oral language, world knowledge, strategic
thinking, inference making
Direct instruction components - (ANSWER)Multisensory teaching and discovery
teaching
Domains of language - (ANSWER)phonology, pragmatics, orthography, semantics,
syntax, morphology
Interactive components of language - (ANSWER)Form, content (great ideas), use
(spelling, grammar, etc.)
Which domains fall into form component of language? - (ANSWER)Phonology,
Morphology, Syntax, orthography
Which domain falls into the content component of language? -
(ANSWER)semantics
Which domain falls into the use component of language? - (ANSWER)pragmatics
, 4
Orthography is the only domain - (ANSWER)not developed orally first-starts at
the written level with spelling
phonology - (ANSWER)refers to the SOUND STRUCTURE of a langauge; how
sounds operate. It is the unconscious set of rules that govern speech.
Euphony - (ANSWER)pleasant sound; when words are formed or combined to
please the ear
phonological awareness - (ANSWER)knowledge of and sensitivity to the BROAD
SOUND STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE
Examples of phonological awareness activities - (ANSWER)rhyming, alliteration,
counting words in sentences, counting syllables in words, omitting syllables,
phonemic awareness
Examples of phonemic awareness activities - (ANSWER)identifying sounds in a
word, segmenting, blending, changing sounds in words, omitting sounds in words
morpheme - (ANSWER)smallest unit of language that carries meaning
morphology - (ANSWER)the study of meaningful units of language, refers to the
way words are formed and related to one another
CALT EXAM (2025) comprehensive questions and
verified answers ( detailed & elaborated) ACTUAL
EXAM 2025 TEST!!
Components of Effective Literacy Instruction - (ANSWER)phonological and
phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension
The Big Five - (ANSWER)Nickname for the five essential components of effective
literacy instruction
National Reading Panel - (ANSWER)outlined the give essential components of
effective literacy instruction in report (year 2000)
What is the importance of the sound/symbol system? - (ANSWER)understanding
sounds/symbols enables students to sound out unfamiliar words, enables
students to build orthographic patterns, enables students to perceive larger
chunks of words, and enables students to use the context more efficiently
Sound/symbol foundation - (ANSWER)phonemic awareness and instant letter
recognition
Alphabetic Principle - (ANSWER)a phoneme is represented by a grapheme
phoneme - (ANSWER)smallest unit of sound in a word which effects meaning
grapheme - (ANSWER)letter or group of letters used to represent one sound
, 2
Reading and Written Expressive Language - (ANSWER)the two components of
Literacy Instruction
Decoding and Comprehension - (ANSWER)the two components of reading
Mechanics and Composition/Creativity - (ANSWER)the two components of
Written Expressive Language
Opportunities and Direct Instruction - (ANSWER)the two components of
instruction
Decoding - (ANSWER)instant word recognition, phonemic awareness,
sound/symbol association (instant letter recognition), structural analysis, context
Listening Comprehension - (ANSWER)oral language (most important!), world
knowledge, strategic thinking, inference making
Fluency - (ANSWER)bridge between decoding and comprehension
Comprehension - (ANSWER)the ultimate goal of reading
Instant Word Recognition - (ANSWER)acquired through repeated exposure to the
word and from over learning the patterns of language
, 3
Mechanics - (ANSWER)sentence structure, paragraph structure, spelling,
handwriting (writer should be comfortable with spelling and handwriting)
composition/creativity - (ANSWER)oral language, world knowledge, strategic
thinking, inference making
Direct instruction components - (ANSWER)Multisensory teaching and discovery
teaching
Domains of language - (ANSWER)phonology, pragmatics, orthography, semantics,
syntax, morphology
Interactive components of language - (ANSWER)Form, content (great ideas), use
(spelling, grammar, etc.)
Which domains fall into form component of language? - (ANSWER)Phonology,
Morphology, Syntax, orthography
Which domain falls into the content component of language? -
(ANSWER)semantics
Which domain falls into the use component of language? - (ANSWER)pragmatics
, 4
Orthography is the only domain - (ANSWER)not developed orally first-starts at
the written level with spelling
phonology - (ANSWER)refers to the SOUND STRUCTURE of a langauge; how
sounds operate. It is the unconscious set of rules that govern speech.
Euphony - (ANSWER)pleasant sound; when words are formed or combined to
please the ear
phonological awareness - (ANSWER)knowledge of and sensitivity to the BROAD
SOUND STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE
Examples of phonological awareness activities - (ANSWER)rhyming, alliteration,
counting words in sentences, counting syllables in words, omitting syllables,
phonemic awareness
Examples of phonemic awareness activities - (ANSWER)identifying sounds in a
word, segmenting, blending, changing sounds in words, omitting sounds in words
morpheme - (ANSWER)smallest unit of language that carries meaning
morphology - (ANSWER)the study of meaningful units of language, refers to the
way words are formed and related to one another
