TEST BANK Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach 2nd Edition by Tagher Knapp Chapters 1 - 34 | All Chapters

Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach
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,Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach
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, Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach 2p 2p 2p 2p




Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis 2p 2 p




1. Which intervention is appropriate for the infant hospitalized with bronchiolitis?
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a. Position on the side with neck slightly flexed. 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p




b. Administer antibiotics as ordered. 2p 2p 2p



c. Restrict oral and parenteral fluids if tachypneic.
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d. Give cool, humidified oxygen. 2p 2p 2p



ANSWER: D
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Cool, humidified oxygen is given to relieve dyspnea, hypoxemia, and insensible fluid loss fro
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m tachypnea. The infant should be positioned with the head and chest elevated at a 30- to 40-
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degree angle and the neck slightly extended to maintain an open airway and decrease pressur
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e on the diaphragm. The etiology of bronchiolitis is viral. Antibiotics are given only if there i
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s a secondary bacterial infection. Tachypnea increases insensible fluid loss. If the infant is tac
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hypneic, fluids are given parenterally to prevent dehydration.
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2. An infant with bronchiolitis is hospitalized. The causative organism is respiratory syncytia
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l virus (RSV). The nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires what type of
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pisolation?
a. Reverse isolation 2p



b. Airborne isolation 2p




c. Contact Precautions 2p



d. Standard Precautions 2p 2



ANSWER: C
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RSV is transmitted through droplets. In addition to Standard Precautions and hand washing,
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Contact Precautions are required. Caregivers must use gloves and gowns when entering the ro
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om. Care is taken not to touch their own eyes or mucous membranes with a contaminated glo
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ved hand. Children are placed in a private room or in a room with other children with RSV i
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nfections. Reverse isolation focuses on keeping bacteria away from the infant. With RSV, other
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children need to be protected from exposure to the virus. The virus is not airborne.
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3. A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiratio
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n. This suggests what condition?
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a. Asthma
b. Pneumonia
c. Bronchiolitis
d. Foreign body in trachea 2p 2p 2p


ANSWER: A
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Asthma may have these chronic signs and symptoms. Pneumonia appears with an acute onset, f
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ever, and general malaise. Bronchiolitis is an acute condition caused by respiratory syncytial
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, Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach 2p 2p 2p 2p




virus. Foreign body in the trachea occurs with acute respiratory distress or failure and maybe str
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idor.

4. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for an infant with acute bronchiolitis due t
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o respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
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a. Activity Intolerance 2p


b. Decreased Cardiac Output 2p 2p



c. Pain, Acute 2p



d. Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective (peripheral
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) ANS. A
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Rationale 1: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
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y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
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n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
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ed by this respiratory-disease process.
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Rationale 2: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
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y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
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n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
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ed by this respiratory-disease process.
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Rationale 3: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
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y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
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n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
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ed by this respiratory-disease process.
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Rationale 4: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen suppl
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y and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pai
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n is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affect
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ed by this respiratory-disease process.
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Global Rationale: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen
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supply and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis.
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Pain is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not aff
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ected by this respiratory-disease process.
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Chapter 2: Asthma 2p 2p




1. The nurse is caring for a child hospitalized for status asthmaticus. Which assessment findin
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g suggests that the childs condition is worsening?
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a. Hypoventilation
b. Thirst
c. Bradycardia