NURS 5334 Advanced Pharmacology FINAL
EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS BANK AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. Define Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER ✓ The impact of the body on drugs.
How much of an administered dose gets to its sites of action.
2. Four major pharmokinetic processes - ANSWER ✓ Drug absorption, drug
distribution, drug metabolism, and drug excretion.
3. Define Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER ✓ The impact of drugs on the body.
The nature and intensity of the response to the drug.
4. Two major areas in which you can apply pharmacologic knowledge. -
ANSWER ✓ Patient care and patient education.
5. Seven aspects of drug therapy. - ANSWER ✓ Pre administration assessment,
dosage and administration, evaluating and promoting therapeutic effects,
minimizing adverse effects, minimizing adverse reactions, making "as
needed" (PRN) decisions, and managing toxicity.
6. Pre administration assessment - ANSWER ✓ Three basic goals: collecting
baseline data needed to evaluate therapeutic and adverse responses,
identifying high -risk patients, and assessing the patient's capacity for self-
care.
7. To help reduce adverse effects, you must know - ANSWER ✓ The major
adverse effects the drug can produce, when these reactions are likely to
, occur, early signs that an adverse reaction is developing, and interventions
that can minimize discomfort and harm.
8. PRN - ANSWER ✓ pro re nata, a Latin phrase meaning as needed
9. Nursing process - ANSWER ✓ ADPIE - Assessment, analysis (diagnosis),
planning, implementation, and evaluation.
10.Complete nursing diagnosis - ANSWER ✓ A statement of the pt's actual or
potential health problem, a statement of the problem's probable cause or risk
factors, and the signs, symptoms, or other evidence of the problem.
Statements are separated by the phrases related to and as evidenced by
11.Objective of drug therapy - ANSWER ✓ Produce maximum benefit with
minimum harm
12.Pre administration assessment - ANSWER ✓ Establish the baseline data
needed to tailor drug therapy to the individual.
13.Pre administration assessment goals - ANSWER ✓ Collection of baseline
data needed to evaluate therapeutic effects, collection of baseline data
needed to evaluate adverse effects, identification of high-risk patients, and
assessment of the pt's capacity for self-care.
14.CCB undergoes significant first-pass metabolism
What will occur if pt w cirrhosis gets a CCB? - ANSWER ✓ Drugs half-life
would be altered
15.What drugs have maximum oral bioavaliability? - ANSWER ✓ largely
hydrophobic, yet soluble in aqueous solutions
16.Volume dose = dose of medication / peak plasma concentration - ANSWER
✓ mg divided by mg/L= L
L divided by KG = L/kg
17.The margin of safety between the dose needed to produce benefits and the
dose needed to cause harmful or toxic effects is known as the - ANSWER ✓
Therapeutic index
,18.A drug reaches steady state in about __ half-lives - ANSWER ✓ 5
19.What are the 4 parameters of pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER ✓ absorption,
distribution, metabolism, excretion
20.Primary organ of drug metabolism is - ANSWER ✓ Liver
21.Naloxone is what type of agonist - ANSWER ✓ competative - needs
morphine to elicit full pain relief
Naloxone has no effect by itself
22.Pentazocine and morphine - ANSWER ✓ Morphine is a full agonist, and
Pentazocine is a partial agonist
23.What would up regulate postsynaptic B1 adrenergic receptors - ANSWER ✓
Daily use of propranolol, a B1 receptor antagonist
24.Up-regulation of receptors - ANSWER ✓ when receptor activation is lower
than normal
25.Down regulation - ANSWER ✓ receptor activation is greater than normal
because of continuous exposure to agonist
26.Prescriptive Authority - ANSWER ✓ legal route to prescribe independently
and without limitation
27.Parts of a prescription - ANSWER ✓ - prescriber name
- license number
- contact information
- DEA number (prescriber and supervising)
- patient name
- DOB
- allergies
- name of medication
- indication
- strength
- frequency
, - signature
28.SIG - ANSWER ✓ "let it be labeled"; instructions for the prescription
29.Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER ✓ the study of the drug movement throughout
the body
30.Ways for drugs to cross the cell membrane - ANSWER ✓ 1. Channels
2. Pore transport systems - P-glycoprotein system
3. Direct penetration
31.Absorption - ANSWER ✓ the drug's movement from the site of
administration into the blood
32.Factors that affect absorption: - ANSWER ✓ rate of dissolution, surface
area, blood flow, lipid solubility, pH partitioning
33.pH partitioning or ion trapping - ANSWER ✓ drug molecules tend to
accumulate on the side of the membrane where pH most favors ionization -
i.e. Acidic drugs accumulate on the alkaline side, and basic drugs
accumulate on the acidic side
34.Distribution - ANSWER ✓ the drug's movement from the blood into the
interstitial space of tissues and from there into the cells
35.Factors that affect distribution: - ANSWER ✓ circulation, membrane
permeability, protein binding
36.Metabolism (biotransformation) - ANSWER ✓ enzymatically mediated
alteration of drug structure
37.What is Bethanechol? - ANSWER ✓ cholinergic/muscarinic
agonist/parasympathomimetic agent
38.Bethanechol treats - ANSWER ✓ urinary retention
39.Bethanechol SFX - ANSWER ✓ Hypotension, diarrhea, exacerbation of
asthma, dysrhythmias in pts with hyperthyroidism
EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS BANK AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. Define Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER ✓ The impact of the body on drugs.
How much of an administered dose gets to its sites of action.
2. Four major pharmokinetic processes - ANSWER ✓ Drug absorption, drug
distribution, drug metabolism, and drug excretion.
3. Define Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER ✓ The impact of drugs on the body.
The nature and intensity of the response to the drug.
4. Two major areas in which you can apply pharmacologic knowledge. -
ANSWER ✓ Patient care and patient education.
5. Seven aspects of drug therapy. - ANSWER ✓ Pre administration assessment,
dosage and administration, evaluating and promoting therapeutic effects,
minimizing adverse effects, minimizing adverse reactions, making "as
needed" (PRN) decisions, and managing toxicity.
6. Pre administration assessment - ANSWER ✓ Three basic goals: collecting
baseline data needed to evaluate therapeutic and adverse responses,
identifying high -risk patients, and assessing the patient's capacity for self-
care.
7. To help reduce adverse effects, you must know - ANSWER ✓ The major
adverse effects the drug can produce, when these reactions are likely to
, occur, early signs that an adverse reaction is developing, and interventions
that can minimize discomfort and harm.
8. PRN - ANSWER ✓ pro re nata, a Latin phrase meaning as needed
9. Nursing process - ANSWER ✓ ADPIE - Assessment, analysis (diagnosis),
planning, implementation, and evaluation.
10.Complete nursing diagnosis - ANSWER ✓ A statement of the pt's actual or
potential health problem, a statement of the problem's probable cause or risk
factors, and the signs, symptoms, or other evidence of the problem.
Statements are separated by the phrases related to and as evidenced by
11.Objective of drug therapy - ANSWER ✓ Produce maximum benefit with
minimum harm
12.Pre administration assessment - ANSWER ✓ Establish the baseline data
needed to tailor drug therapy to the individual.
13.Pre administration assessment goals - ANSWER ✓ Collection of baseline
data needed to evaluate therapeutic effects, collection of baseline data
needed to evaluate adverse effects, identification of high-risk patients, and
assessment of the pt's capacity for self-care.
14.CCB undergoes significant first-pass metabolism
What will occur if pt w cirrhosis gets a CCB? - ANSWER ✓ Drugs half-life
would be altered
15.What drugs have maximum oral bioavaliability? - ANSWER ✓ largely
hydrophobic, yet soluble in aqueous solutions
16.Volume dose = dose of medication / peak plasma concentration - ANSWER
✓ mg divided by mg/L= L
L divided by KG = L/kg
17.The margin of safety between the dose needed to produce benefits and the
dose needed to cause harmful or toxic effects is known as the - ANSWER ✓
Therapeutic index
,18.A drug reaches steady state in about __ half-lives - ANSWER ✓ 5
19.What are the 4 parameters of pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER ✓ absorption,
distribution, metabolism, excretion
20.Primary organ of drug metabolism is - ANSWER ✓ Liver
21.Naloxone is what type of agonist - ANSWER ✓ competative - needs
morphine to elicit full pain relief
Naloxone has no effect by itself
22.Pentazocine and morphine - ANSWER ✓ Morphine is a full agonist, and
Pentazocine is a partial agonist
23.What would up regulate postsynaptic B1 adrenergic receptors - ANSWER ✓
Daily use of propranolol, a B1 receptor antagonist
24.Up-regulation of receptors - ANSWER ✓ when receptor activation is lower
than normal
25.Down regulation - ANSWER ✓ receptor activation is greater than normal
because of continuous exposure to agonist
26.Prescriptive Authority - ANSWER ✓ legal route to prescribe independently
and without limitation
27.Parts of a prescription - ANSWER ✓ - prescriber name
- license number
- contact information
- DEA number (prescriber and supervising)
- patient name
- DOB
- allergies
- name of medication
- indication
- strength
- frequency
, - signature
28.SIG - ANSWER ✓ "let it be labeled"; instructions for the prescription
29.Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER ✓ the study of the drug movement throughout
the body
30.Ways for drugs to cross the cell membrane - ANSWER ✓ 1. Channels
2. Pore transport systems - P-glycoprotein system
3. Direct penetration
31.Absorption - ANSWER ✓ the drug's movement from the site of
administration into the blood
32.Factors that affect absorption: - ANSWER ✓ rate of dissolution, surface
area, blood flow, lipid solubility, pH partitioning
33.pH partitioning or ion trapping - ANSWER ✓ drug molecules tend to
accumulate on the side of the membrane where pH most favors ionization -
i.e. Acidic drugs accumulate on the alkaline side, and basic drugs
accumulate on the acidic side
34.Distribution - ANSWER ✓ the drug's movement from the blood into the
interstitial space of tissues and from there into the cells
35.Factors that affect distribution: - ANSWER ✓ circulation, membrane
permeability, protein binding
36.Metabolism (biotransformation) - ANSWER ✓ enzymatically mediated
alteration of drug structure
37.What is Bethanechol? - ANSWER ✓ cholinergic/muscarinic
agonist/parasympathomimetic agent
38.Bethanechol treats - ANSWER ✓ urinary retention
39.Bethanechol SFX - ANSWER ✓ Hypotension, diarrhea, exacerbation of
asthma, dysrhythmias in pts with hyperthyroidism
