WSU BIO 106 EXAM 4 |2025-2026 LATEST UPDATED| 75 REAL EXAM
AND COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% RATED
CORRECT | 100% VERFIED | ALREADY GRADED A+
What is hemolymph - (answer)Fluid that acts as both blood and interstitial fluid in anthropods
and most mollusks.
Define interstitial fluid - (answer)fluid between cells
What are closed and open circulatory systems - (answer)Closed= Blood is confined to vessels,
heart has chambers. Found in Annelids, vertebrates, and some mollusks (cephalopods)
Open= Blood flows freely in cavities and is NOT confined to blood vessels. Present in
anthropods and most molluscks
Describe an open circulatory system - (answer)Dorsal heart + body movement circulate
hemolymph around
What are arteries? - (answer)Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart towards
capillaries. Have thick elastic walls
,What are capillaries? - (answer)Capillaries are the exchange vessels. They are microscopic and
have only one wall that allows substances to pass through quickly. O2 and CO2 move in and out
of circulatory system through their walls.
What are veins? - (answer)Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart. Thinner than arteries.
Why are arteries thicker than veins? - (answer)Because the thicker muscle layer in the artery wall
is able to resist great pressures pumped by the heart. Returning blood is lower pressure so the
veins don't need to withstand as much.
What is the purpose of a respiratory system? - (answer)Tissues need O2 for ATP production and
need to get rid of CO2 waste that's produced
What is the evolutionary advantage of having an open circulatory system? - (answer)Low
hydrostatic pressures allows them to use less energy.
What is the evolutionary advantage of having a closed circulatory system? - (answer)Well suited
to distribute blood to different organs. Pressure is high enough to effectively distribute oxygen in
larger species.
, Describe a single circulatory system - (answer)The blood only passes through the heart once for
each full circuit of the body
Heart - gills - body
Describe the relationship between the surface area-to-volume ratio and efficiency of exchange
across a surface. - (answer)As the volume of a cell increases, the ratio of surface area to volume
decreases, making these exchanges less efficient
Describe a two chamber heart - (answer)Have a single ventricle and a single atrium. Blood enters
the heart via the atrium and is then pumped to the ventricle. The ventricle pumps, and the blood
is sent to a respiratory structure to pick up oxygen. From here, the blood does not return to the
heart
Describe a four chambered heart - (answer)Have 2 ventricles and 2 atriums. The right atrium
receives oxygen-poor blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle. The right ventricle
pumps the oxygen-poor blood to the lungs. The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the
lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle.
What do concentration gradients across cell membranes or tissues and interstitial fluid allow for?
What way do they move? - (answer)Passive flow, higher concentrations move to lower
concentrations
AND COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% RATED
CORRECT | 100% VERFIED | ALREADY GRADED A+
What is hemolymph - (answer)Fluid that acts as both blood and interstitial fluid in anthropods
and most mollusks.
Define interstitial fluid - (answer)fluid between cells
What are closed and open circulatory systems - (answer)Closed= Blood is confined to vessels,
heart has chambers. Found in Annelids, vertebrates, and some mollusks (cephalopods)
Open= Blood flows freely in cavities and is NOT confined to blood vessels. Present in
anthropods and most molluscks
Describe an open circulatory system - (answer)Dorsal heart + body movement circulate
hemolymph around
What are arteries? - (answer)Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart towards
capillaries. Have thick elastic walls
,What are capillaries? - (answer)Capillaries are the exchange vessels. They are microscopic and
have only one wall that allows substances to pass through quickly. O2 and CO2 move in and out
of circulatory system through their walls.
What are veins? - (answer)Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart. Thinner than arteries.
Why are arteries thicker than veins? - (answer)Because the thicker muscle layer in the artery wall
is able to resist great pressures pumped by the heart. Returning blood is lower pressure so the
veins don't need to withstand as much.
What is the purpose of a respiratory system? - (answer)Tissues need O2 for ATP production and
need to get rid of CO2 waste that's produced
What is the evolutionary advantage of having an open circulatory system? - (answer)Low
hydrostatic pressures allows them to use less energy.
What is the evolutionary advantage of having a closed circulatory system? - (answer)Well suited
to distribute blood to different organs. Pressure is high enough to effectively distribute oxygen in
larger species.
, Describe a single circulatory system - (answer)The blood only passes through the heart once for
each full circuit of the body
Heart - gills - body
Describe the relationship between the surface area-to-volume ratio and efficiency of exchange
across a surface. - (answer)As the volume of a cell increases, the ratio of surface area to volume
decreases, making these exchanges less efficient
Describe a two chamber heart - (answer)Have a single ventricle and a single atrium. Blood enters
the heart via the atrium and is then pumped to the ventricle. The ventricle pumps, and the blood
is sent to a respiratory structure to pick up oxygen. From here, the blood does not return to the
heart
Describe a four chambered heart - (answer)Have 2 ventricles and 2 atriums. The right atrium
receives oxygen-poor blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle. The right ventricle
pumps the oxygen-poor blood to the lungs. The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the
lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle.
What do concentration gradients across cell membranes or tissues and interstitial fluid allow for?
What way do they move? - (answer)Passive flow, higher concentrations move to lower
concentrations
