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1.
What are the 4 main functions of hormones?
Respuesta: 1. Reproduction 2. Growth and development 3. Maintenance of internal environment (homeostasis) 4. Regulation of energy availability
2.
What is endocrinology?
Respuesta: Study of cellular communication that is carried out by endocrine hormones
3.
What are the functions of endocrine glands?
Respuesta: Secrete hormones that are carried by blood to the target cells that contain specific receptor proteins
4.
What are some characteristics of hormones?
Respuesta: 1. Synthesized and secreted by specialized cells or neurons in response to stimuli 2. Effective at low concentrations 3. Interacts with receptor proteins that bind with hormones in target cells 4. Elicits a physiological response
5.
What are the four chemical classifications of hormones?
Respuesta: 1. Amines 2. Steroids 3. Polypeptides Proteins 4. Glycoproteins
6.
Which of the four chemical classifications of hormones is non-polar?
Respuesta: Steroids
7.
What are amine hormones?
Respuesta: Hormones derived from the amino acids tyrosine and tryptophan Ex. Epinephrine, thyroxine, and melatonin
8.
What are steroid hormones?
Respuesta: Hormones derived from cholesterol after an enzyme cleaves off the side chain attached to the 5 carbon D-ring Ex: Testosterone, progesterone, estrogen, cortisol
9.
What are polypeptide and protein hormones and what is the difference?
Respuesta: Hormones that are made from chains of amino acids. Polypeptides that are more than 100 amino acids are considered proteins
10.
What are glycoprotein hormones?
Respuesta: Hormones that are protein bound to a carbohydrate group Ex: FSH and LH (follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone)
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