Newborn Assessment Part 2: Spring 2020
Answer after viewing Newborn Videos
1. Where/how to listen to apical pulse in NB? What is the name for that location?
The stethoscope is placed at the fourth intercoastal space at the left mid-clavicular
line. This is the point of maximal impulse.
2. What are you hearing when you hear a murmur? List a benign and pathologic murmur
in the NB and what each indicates.
A heart murmur has a blowing, whooshing sound during each heartbeat. The
sound is caused by blood rushing through the heart valves or around the heart.
3. Describe acrocyanosis compared vs central cyanosis. What else could you see/hear that
would indicate resp distress in the NB?
Acrocyanosis normal is blue tinting to the upper extremeties (arms) and lower
extremeies (legs). This is normal within the fist twenty-four hours. Central
cyanosis is abnormal blue tinting on the lips and trunk. This can signifies
hypoxemia and is a late sign of distress.
Other signs and symptoms that might indicate respiratory distress are nasal
flaring, chest retractions, tachypnea, or grunting.
4. Describe how to elicit red reflex. What does the presence or absence indicate?
The otoscope is put up to the eye to elicit the red reflex. Red reflex is a good sign.
An absent red reflex can be the result of cateracts, scars, or maybe a hemorrhage.
5. What are you looking for when initially assessing the umbilical cord? Describe normal
and abnormal findings and what an abnormal cord could indicate.
The umbilical cord should have two arteries and one vein. If the umbilical cord
only has one artieres that could mean there is a heart defeat or renal issues. An
abnormal umbilical cord usually indicates cord entrapment, nutritional or oxygen
insufficiency or a possible genetic abnormality.
6. What is hip dysplasia and what findings could indicate dysplasia?
Hip dysplasia is defined by the hip joint not developing properly caused by the
socket being shallow. This can allow the ball to slip partially or completely out of
the joint socket. Exam findings for hip dysplasia are limited hip abduction,
asymmetric ski creases, and a popping sensation.
7. What is hypospadias? What problems can it cause?
This is where the opening of the urthrea in the top of the penis instead it is located
on the bottom side. This can cause issues with urination and sometimes causes the
testicles not to fully descend.
8. Describe differences in stool between BF infants and formula fed infants. How would
you teach this to the infant’s parents? Why is it important for them to understand?
Answer after viewing Newborn Videos
1. Where/how to listen to apical pulse in NB? What is the name for that location?
The stethoscope is placed at the fourth intercoastal space at the left mid-clavicular
line. This is the point of maximal impulse.
2. What are you hearing when you hear a murmur? List a benign and pathologic murmur
in the NB and what each indicates.
A heart murmur has a blowing, whooshing sound during each heartbeat. The
sound is caused by blood rushing through the heart valves or around the heart.
3. Describe acrocyanosis compared vs central cyanosis. What else could you see/hear that
would indicate resp distress in the NB?
Acrocyanosis normal is blue tinting to the upper extremeties (arms) and lower
extremeies (legs). This is normal within the fist twenty-four hours. Central
cyanosis is abnormal blue tinting on the lips and trunk. This can signifies
hypoxemia and is a late sign of distress.
Other signs and symptoms that might indicate respiratory distress are nasal
flaring, chest retractions, tachypnea, or grunting.
4. Describe how to elicit red reflex. What does the presence or absence indicate?
The otoscope is put up to the eye to elicit the red reflex. Red reflex is a good sign.
An absent red reflex can be the result of cateracts, scars, or maybe a hemorrhage.
5. What are you looking for when initially assessing the umbilical cord? Describe normal
and abnormal findings and what an abnormal cord could indicate.
The umbilical cord should have two arteries and one vein. If the umbilical cord
only has one artieres that could mean there is a heart defeat or renal issues. An
abnormal umbilical cord usually indicates cord entrapment, nutritional or oxygen
insufficiency or a possible genetic abnormality.
6. What is hip dysplasia and what findings could indicate dysplasia?
Hip dysplasia is defined by the hip joint not developing properly caused by the
socket being shallow. This can allow the ball to slip partially or completely out of
the joint socket. Exam findings for hip dysplasia are limited hip abduction,
asymmetric ski creases, and a popping sensation.
7. What is hypospadias? What problems can it cause?
This is where the opening of the urthrea in the top of the penis instead it is located
on the bottom side. This can cause issues with urination and sometimes causes the
testicles not to fully descend.
8. Describe differences in stool between BF infants and formula fed infants. How would
you teach this to the infant’s parents? Why is it important for them to understand?
