FULL TEST BANK FOR
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL SEVENTH 7 EDITION
BY BRUCE ALBERTS (AUTHOR), REBECCA HEALD (AUTHOR), ALEXANDER JOHNSON (AUTHOR), & 6
MORE
ALL CHAPTERS 1-24| LATEST VERSION WITH DETAILED ANSWERS| VERIFIED| GRADE A+
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1: CELLS AND GENOMES .................................................................................................................................
CHAPTER 2: CELL CHEMISTRY AND BIOENERGETICS...............................................................................................
CHAPTER 3: PROTEINS ........................................................................................................................................................
CHAPTER 4: DNA, CHROMOSOMES, AND GENOMES ................................................................................................
CHAPTER 5: DNA REPLICATION, REPAIR, AND RECOMBINATION ........................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 6: HOW CELLS READ THE GENOME: FROM DNA TO PROTEIN ............................................................. 1
CHAPTER 7: CONTROL OF GENE EXPRESSION .......................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 8: ANALYZING CELLS, MOLECULES, AND SYSTEMS ........................................................................... 2
CHAPTER 9: VISUALIZING CELLS ..................................................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER 10 MEMBRANE STRUCTURE......................................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER 11 MEMBRANE TRANSPORT OF SMALL MOLECULES AND THE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF
MEMBRANES .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER 12 INTRACELLULAR COMPARTMENTS AND PROTEIN SORTING ......................................................... 3
CHAPTER 13 INTRACELLULAR MEMBRANE TRAFFIC ................................................................................................. 3
CHAPTER 14: ENERGY CONVERSION: MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLASTS .............................................. 3
CHAPTER 15: CELL SIGNALING ......................................................................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 16: THE CYTOSKELETON .............................................................................................................................. 4
CHAPTER 17: THE CELL CYCLE ...................................................................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER 18: CELL DEATH ................................................................................................................................................. 5
CHAPTER 19: CELL JUNCTIONS AND THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX .................................................................. 5
CHAPTER 20: CANCER.......................................................................................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER 21: DEVELOPMENT OF MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS............................................................................ 5
CHAPTER 22: STEM CELLS AND TISSUE RENEWAL ................................................................................................. 6
CHAPTER 23: PATHOGENS AND INFECTION ............................................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 24: THE INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEMS ............................................................................... 6
,MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL, SEVENTH EDITION
CHAPTER 1: CELLS AND GENOMES
1 SCIENTISTS DISCOVER MORE THAN TEN THOUSAND NEW SPECIES OF
LIVING ORGANISMS EVERY YEAR. WHAT IS SHARED BETWEEN ALL OF THESE
ORGANISMS?
A. THEY ARE MADE OF CELLS, WHOSE NUCLEI ENCLOSE THEIR DNA.
B. THEY OBTAIN THEIR ENERGY FROM SUNLIGHT.
C. THEY PRODUCE AND USE ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP).
D. THEIR GENOME CONTAINS AT LEAST 1000 GENES.
E. ALL OF THE ABOVE.
2 ALL CELLS …
A. HAVE MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS.
B. SYNTHESIZE PROTEINS ON THE RIBOSOME.
C. REPLICATE THEIR GENOME BY DNA POLYMERIZATION.
D. TRANSCRIBE THEIR GENETIC INFORMATION BY RNA POLYMERIZATION.
E. ALL OF THE ABOVE.
3 IMAGINE A SEGMENT OF DNA (WITHIN A GENE) ENCODING A CERTAIN
AMOUNT OF INFORMATION IN ITS NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE. WHEN THIS SEGMENT
IS FULLY TRANSCRIBED INTO MRNA AND THEN TRANSLATED INTO PROTEIN, IN
GENERAL, …
A. THE PROTEIN SEQUENCE WOULD CARRY MORE INFORMATION
COMPARED TO THE DNA AND MRNA SEQUENCES, BECAUSE ITS
ALPHABET HAS 20 LETTERS.
B. THE PROTEIN SEQUENCE WOULD CARRY LESS INFORMATION COMPARED
TO THE DNA AND MRNA SEQUENCES, BECAUSE SEVERAL CODONS CAN
CORRESPOND TO ONE AMINO ACID.
C. THE AMOUNT OF INFORMATION IN THE MRNA SEQUENCE IS LOWER,
BECAUSE THE MRNA HAS BEEN TRANSCRIBED USING ONLY ONE OF THE
DNA STRANDS AS THE TEMPLATE.
D. THE AMOUNT OF INFORMATION IN THE MRNA SEQUENCE IS HIGHER,
BECAUSE SEVERAL MRNA MOLECULES CAN BE TRANSCRIBED FROM
ONE DNA MOLECULE.
,4 WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PROCESSES THAT HAPPENS INSIDE A CELL
DOES NOT NORMALLY REQUIRE CONSUMPTION OF FREE ENERGY BY THE CELL?
, A. REPLICATION OF THE GENETIC MATERIAL
B. IMPORT OF NUTRIENTS FROM THE ENVIRONMENT
C. DIFFUSION OF SMALL MOLECULES WITHIN THE CELL
D. REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION
E. SYNTHESIS OF ENZYMES THAT CATALYZE CELLULAR REACTIONS
5 WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD YOU NOT EXPECT TO FIND IN A BACTERIAL CELL
A. SWIMMING USING FLAGELLA
B. HAVING A CELL WALL AROUND THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
C. ATP PRODUCTION IN MITOCHONDRIA
D. PROTEIN PRODUCTION ON THE RIBOSOME
E. SEXUAL EXCHANGE OF DNA WITH OTHER BACTERIA
6 TO TRACE FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DISTANTLY RELATED
ORGANISMS SUCH AS HUMANS, ALGAE, BACTERIA, AND ARCHAEA, ONE SHOULD
COMPARE THEIR GENOMES IN REGIONS …
A. THAT EVOLVE RAPIDLY.
B. THAT HAVE A HIGHER MUTATION RATE.
C. THAT CODE FOR PROTEINS.
D. WHERE MUTATIONS ARE HARDLY TOLERATED.
E. WHERE MOST MUTATIONS ARE SELECTIVELY NEUTRAL.
7 LABORATORY STRAINS OF THE MODEL ORGANISM ESCHERICHIA COLI
THAT ARE RESISTANT TO ANTIBIOTICS ARE VERY OFTEN USED IN RESEARCH
LABORATORIES AS WELL AS IN THE BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY. IF CULTURES
OF SUCH BACTERIA WERE ALLOWED TO CONTAMINATE THE ENVIRONMENT
UNCONTROLLABLY, IT IS POSSIBLE THAT AT SOME POINT, PATHOGENIC
BACTERIA SUCH AS NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS (WHICH CAUSES MENINGITIS AND
CAN CAUSE DEATH, ESPECIALLY IN CHILDREN) COULD ACQUIRE THE SAME
ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE GENE, CAUSING A MENINGITIS OUTBREAK THAT IS
DIFFICULT TO TREAT. IN THIS SCENARIO, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING
MECHANISMS IS A MORE LIKELY SOURCE OF THE ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE GENE
IN N. MENINGITIDIS?
A. RANDOM NEW GENE GENERATION
B. INTRAGENIC MUTATION
C. GENE DUPLICATION
D. DNA SEGMENT SHUFFLING
E. HORIZONTAL GENE TRANSFER
, 8 A VIRUS …
A. IS A TYPE OF CELL.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL SEVENTH 7 EDITION
BY BRUCE ALBERTS (AUTHOR), REBECCA HEALD (AUTHOR), ALEXANDER JOHNSON (AUTHOR), & 6
MORE
ALL CHAPTERS 1-24| LATEST VERSION WITH DETAILED ANSWERS| VERIFIED| GRADE A+
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1: CELLS AND GENOMES .................................................................................................................................
CHAPTER 2: CELL CHEMISTRY AND BIOENERGETICS...............................................................................................
CHAPTER 3: PROTEINS ........................................................................................................................................................
CHAPTER 4: DNA, CHROMOSOMES, AND GENOMES ................................................................................................
CHAPTER 5: DNA REPLICATION, REPAIR, AND RECOMBINATION ........................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 6: HOW CELLS READ THE GENOME: FROM DNA TO PROTEIN ............................................................. 1
CHAPTER 7: CONTROL OF GENE EXPRESSION .......................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 8: ANALYZING CELLS, MOLECULES, AND SYSTEMS ........................................................................... 2
CHAPTER 9: VISUALIZING CELLS ..................................................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER 10 MEMBRANE STRUCTURE......................................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER 11 MEMBRANE TRANSPORT OF SMALL MOLECULES AND THE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF
MEMBRANES .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER 12 INTRACELLULAR COMPARTMENTS AND PROTEIN SORTING ......................................................... 3
CHAPTER 13 INTRACELLULAR MEMBRANE TRAFFIC ................................................................................................. 3
CHAPTER 14: ENERGY CONVERSION: MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLASTS .............................................. 3
CHAPTER 15: CELL SIGNALING ......................................................................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 16: THE CYTOSKELETON .............................................................................................................................. 4
CHAPTER 17: THE CELL CYCLE ...................................................................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER 18: CELL DEATH ................................................................................................................................................. 5
CHAPTER 19: CELL JUNCTIONS AND THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX .................................................................. 5
CHAPTER 20: CANCER.......................................................................................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER 21: DEVELOPMENT OF MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS............................................................................ 5
CHAPTER 22: STEM CELLS AND TISSUE RENEWAL ................................................................................................. 6
CHAPTER 23: PATHOGENS AND INFECTION ............................................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 24: THE INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEMS ............................................................................... 6
,MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL, SEVENTH EDITION
CHAPTER 1: CELLS AND GENOMES
1 SCIENTISTS DISCOVER MORE THAN TEN THOUSAND NEW SPECIES OF
LIVING ORGANISMS EVERY YEAR. WHAT IS SHARED BETWEEN ALL OF THESE
ORGANISMS?
A. THEY ARE MADE OF CELLS, WHOSE NUCLEI ENCLOSE THEIR DNA.
B. THEY OBTAIN THEIR ENERGY FROM SUNLIGHT.
C. THEY PRODUCE AND USE ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP).
D. THEIR GENOME CONTAINS AT LEAST 1000 GENES.
E. ALL OF THE ABOVE.
2 ALL CELLS …
A. HAVE MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS.
B. SYNTHESIZE PROTEINS ON THE RIBOSOME.
C. REPLICATE THEIR GENOME BY DNA POLYMERIZATION.
D. TRANSCRIBE THEIR GENETIC INFORMATION BY RNA POLYMERIZATION.
E. ALL OF THE ABOVE.
3 IMAGINE A SEGMENT OF DNA (WITHIN A GENE) ENCODING A CERTAIN
AMOUNT OF INFORMATION IN ITS NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE. WHEN THIS SEGMENT
IS FULLY TRANSCRIBED INTO MRNA AND THEN TRANSLATED INTO PROTEIN, IN
GENERAL, …
A. THE PROTEIN SEQUENCE WOULD CARRY MORE INFORMATION
COMPARED TO THE DNA AND MRNA SEQUENCES, BECAUSE ITS
ALPHABET HAS 20 LETTERS.
B. THE PROTEIN SEQUENCE WOULD CARRY LESS INFORMATION COMPARED
TO THE DNA AND MRNA SEQUENCES, BECAUSE SEVERAL CODONS CAN
CORRESPOND TO ONE AMINO ACID.
C. THE AMOUNT OF INFORMATION IN THE MRNA SEQUENCE IS LOWER,
BECAUSE THE MRNA HAS BEEN TRANSCRIBED USING ONLY ONE OF THE
DNA STRANDS AS THE TEMPLATE.
D. THE AMOUNT OF INFORMATION IN THE MRNA SEQUENCE IS HIGHER,
BECAUSE SEVERAL MRNA MOLECULES CAN BE TRANSCRIBED FROM
ONE DNA MOLECULE.
,4 WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PROCESSES THAT HAPPENS INSIDE A CELL
DOES NOT NORMALLY REQUIRE CONSUMPTION OF FREE ENERGY BY THE CELL?
, A. REPLICATION OF THE GENETIC MATERIAL
B. IMPORT OF NUTRIENTS FROM THE ENVIRONMENT
C. DIFFUSION OF SMALL MOLECULES WITHIN THE CELL
D. REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION
E. SYNTHESIS OF ENZYMES THAT CATALYZE CELLULAR REACTIONS
5 WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD YOU NOT EXPECT TO FIND IN A BACTERIAL CELL
A. SWIMMING USING FLAGELLA
B. HAVING A CELL WALL AROUND THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
C. ATP PRODUCTION IN MITOCHONDRIA
D. PROTEIN PRODUCTION ON THE RIBOSOME
E. SEXUAL EXCHANGE OF DNA WITH OTHER BACTERIA
6 TO TRACE FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DISTANTLY RELATED
ORGANISMS SUCH AS HUMANS, ALGAE, BACTERIA, AND ARCHAEA, ONE SHOULD
COMPARE THEIR GENOMES IN REGIONS …
A. THAT EVOLVE RAPIDLY.
B. THAT HAVE A HIGHER MUTATION RATE.
C. THAT CODE FOR PROTEINS.
D. WHERE MUTATIONS ARE HARDLY TOLERATED.
E. WHERE MOST MUTATIONS ARE SELECTIVELY NEUTRAL.
7 LABORATORY STRAINS OF THE MODEL ORGANISM ESCHERICHIA COLI
THAT ARE RESISTANT TO ANTIBIOTICS ARE VERY OFTEN USED IN RESEARCH
LABORATORIES AS WELL AS IN THE BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY. IF CULTURES
OF SUCH BACTERIA WERE ALLOWED TO CONTAMINATE THE ENVIRONMENT
UNCONTROLLABLY, IT IS POSSIBLE THAT AT SOME POINT, PATHOGENIC
BACTERIA SUCH AS NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS (WHICH CAUSES MENINGITIS AND
CAN CAUSE DEATH, ESPECIALLY IN CHILDREN) COULD ACQUIRE THE SAME
ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE GENE, CAUSING A MENINGITIS OUTBREAK THAT IS
DIFFICULT TO TREAT. IN THIS SCENARIO, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING
MECHANISMS IS A MORE LIKELY SOURCE OF THE ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE GENE
IN N. MENINGITIDIS?
A. RANDOM NEW GENE GENERATION
B. INTRAGENIC MUTATION
C. GENE DUPLICATION
D. DNA SEGMENT SHUFFLING
E. HORIZONTAL GENE TRANSFER
, 8 A VIRUS …
A. IS A TYPE OF CELL.
