Test Bank for Advanced Assessment: Interpreting Findings
s s s s s s s
and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition, Mary JoG
s s s s s s s s
oolsby, Laurie GrubbsChapter 1 - 22 | Complete
s s s s s s s s
,Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
s s s s s s
MultiplesChoice
Identifystheschoicesthatsbestscompletessthesstatementsorsanswerssthesquestion.
s 1. Whichstypesofsclinicalsdecision-makingsissmostsreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
s 2. Whichsofsthesfollowingsissfalse?sTosobtainsadequateshistory,shealth-caresproviderssmustsbe:
A. Methodicalsandssystematic
B. Attentivestosthespatient’ssverbalsandsnonverbalslanguage
C. Ablestosaccuratelysinterpretsthespatient’ssresponses
D. Adeptsatsreadingsintosthespatient’ssstatements
Essentialspartssofsashealthshistorysincludesallsofsthesfollowingsexcept:
s 3. A. Chiefscomplaint
B. Historysofsthespresentsillness
C. Currentsvitalssigns
D. Allsofsthesabovesaresessentialshistoryscomponents
Whichsofsthesfollowingsissfalse?sWhilesperformingsthesphysicalsexamination,sthesexaminersmustsbesa
s 4. blesto:
A. Differentiatesbetweensnormalsandsabnormalsfindings
B. Recallsknowledgesofsasrangesofsconditionssandstheirsassociatedssignssandssymptoms
C. Recognizeshowscertainsconditionssaffectsthesresponsestosothersconditions
D. Foreseesunpredictablesfindings
Thesfollowingsissthesleastsreliablessourcesofsinformationsforsdiagnosticsstatistics:
s 5. A. Evidence-basedsinvestigations
B. Primarysreportssofsresearch
C. Estimationsbasedsonsasprovider’ssexperience
D. Publishedsmeta-analyses
Thesfollowingscansbesusedstosassistsinssoundsclinicalsdecision-making:
s 6. A. Algorithmspublishedsinsaspeer-reviewedsjournalsarticle
B. Clinicalspracticesguidelines
C. Evidence-basedsresearch
D. Allsofsthesabove
Ifsasdiagnosticsstudyshasshighssensitivity,sthissindicatessa:
A. Highspercentagesofspersonsswithsthesgivensconditionswillshavesansabnormalsresult
s 7. B. Lowspercentagesofspersonsswithsthesgivensconditionswillshavesansabnormalsresult
C. Lowslikelihoodsofsnormalsresultsinspersonsswithoutsasgivenscondition
D. Nonesofsthesabove
,s 8. Ifsasdiagnosticsstudyshasshighsspecificity,sthissindicatessa:
A. Lowspercentagesofshealthysindividualsswillsshowsasnormalsresult
B. Highspercentagesofshealthysindividualsswillsshowsasnormalsresult
C. Highspercentagesofsindividualsswithsasdisorderswillsshowsasnormalsresult
D. Lowspercentagesofsindividualsswithsasdisorderswillsshowsansabnormalsresult
s 9. Aslikelihoodsratiosaboves1sindicatessthatsasdiagnosticstestsshowingsa:
A. Positivesresultsissstronglysassociatedswithsthesdisease
B. Negativesresultsissstronglysassociatedswithsabsencesofsthesdisease
C. Positivesresultsissweaklysassociatedswithsthesdisease
D. Negativesresultsissweaklysassociatedswithsabsencesofsthesdisease
s sss 10.sWhichsofsthesfollowingsclinicalsreasoningstoolssissdefinedsassevidence-
basedsresourcesbasedsonsmathematicalsmodelingstosexpressstheslikelihoodsofsasconditionsinsselectssi
tuations,ssettings,sand/orspatients?
A. Clinicalspracticesguidelines
B. ClinicalsdecisionsrulesClin
C. icals algorithmsClinicalsrec
D. ommendation
, Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
s s s s s s
Answer Section
s
MULTIPLEsCHOICE
1. ANS:s B
Croskerrys(2009)sdescribesstwosmajorstypessofsclinicalsdiagnosticsdecision-
making:sintuitivesandsanalytical.sIntuitivesdecision-makings(similarstosAugenblinksdecision-
making)sissbasedsonsthesexperiencesandsintuitionsofsthescliniciansandsisslesssreliablesandspairedswiths
fairlyscommonserrors.sInscontrast,sanalyticalsdecision-
makingsissbasedsonscarefulsconsiderationsandshassgreatersreliabilityswithsrareserrors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS:s D
Tosobtainsadequateshistory,sproviderssmustsbeswellsorganized,sattentivestosthespatient’ssverbalsandsn
onverbalslanguage,sandsablestosaccuratelysinterpretsthespatient’ssresponsesstosquestions.sRathersth
ansreadingsintosthespatient’ssstatements,stheysclarifysanysareassofsuncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS:s C
Vitalssignssarespartsofsthesphysicalsexaminationsportionsofspatientsassessment,snotspartsofstheshealthshisto
ry.
PTS: 1
4. ANS:s D
Whilesperformingsthesphysicalsexamination,sthesexaminersmustsbesablestosdifferentiatesbetweensno
rmalsandsabnormalsfindings,srecallsknowledgesofsasrangesofsconditions,sincludingstheirsassociatedssi
gnssandssymptoms,srecognizeshowscertainsconditionssaffectsthesresponsestosothersconditions,sands
distinguishsthesrelevancesofsvariedsabnormalsfindings.
PTS: 1
5. ANS:s C
Sourcessforsdiagnosticsstatisticssincludestextbooks,sprimarysreportssofsresearch,sandspublishedsme
ta-
analyses.sAnotherssourcesofsstatistics,sthesonesthatshassbeensmostswidelysusedsandsavailablesforsap
plicationstosthesreasoningsprocess,sissthesestimationsbasedsonsasprovider’ssexperience,salthoughsth
esesaresrarelysaccurate.sOversthespastsdecade,sthesavailabilitysofsevidencesonswhichstosbasesclinicals
reasoningsissimproving,sandstheresissansincreasingsexpectationsthatsclinicalsreasoningsbesbasedsonss
cientificsevidence.sEvidence-
basedsstatisticssaresalsosincreasinglysbeingsusedstosdevelopsresourcesstosfacilitatesclinicalsdecision-
making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS:s D
Tosassistsinsclinicalsdecision-making,sasnumbersofsevidence-
basedsresourcesshavesbeensdevelopedstosassiststhesclinician.sResources,ssuchsassalgorithmssandsclini
calspracticesguidelines,sassistsinsclinicalsreasoningswhensproperlysapplied.
Downloadedsby:sStuviaaas|
Distributionsofsthissdocumentsissillegal
s s s s s s s
and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition, Mary JoG
s s s s s s s s
oolsby, Laurie GrubbsChapter 1 - 22 | Complete
s s s s s s s s
,Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
s s s s s s
MultiplesChoice
Identifystheschoicesthatsbestscompletessthesstatementsorsanswerssthesquestion.
s 1. Whichstypesofsclinicalsdecision-makingsissmostsreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
s 2. Whichsofsthesfollowingsissfalse?sTosobtainsadequateshistory,shealth-caresproviderssmustsbe:
A. Methodicalsandssystematic
B. Attentivestosthespatient’ssverbalsandsnonverbalslanguage
C. Ablestosaccuratelysinterpretsthespatient’ssresponses
D. Adeptsatsreadingsintosthespatient’ssstatements
Essentialspartssofsashealthshistorysincludesallsofsthesfollowingsexcept:
s 3. A. Chiefscomplaint
B. Historysofsthespresentsillness
C. Currentsvitalssigns
D. Allsofsthesabovesaresessentialshistoryscomponents
Whichsofsthesfollowingsissfalse?sWhilesperformingsthesphysicalsexamination,sthesexaminersmustsbesa
s 4. blesto:
A. Differentiatesbetweensnormalsandsabnormalsfindings
B. Recallsknowledgesofsasrangesofsconditionssandstheirsassociatedssignssandssymptoms
C. Recognizeshowscertainsconditionssaffectsthesresponsestosothersconditions
D. Foreseesunpredictablesfindings
Thesfollowingsissthesleastsreliablessourcesofsinformationsforsdiagnosticsstatistics:
s 5. A. Evidence-basedsinvestigations
B. Primarysreportssofsresearch
C. Estimationsbasedsonsasprovider’ssexperience
D. Publishedsmeta-analyses
Thesfollowingscansbesusedstosassistsinssoundsclinicalsdecision-making:
s 6. A. Algorithmspublishedsinsaspeer-reviewedsjournalsarticle
B. Clinicalspracticesguidelines
C. Evidence-basedsresearch
D. Allsofsthesabove
Ifsasdiagnosticsstudyshasshighssensitivity,sthissindicatessa:
A. Highspercentagesofspersonsswithsthesgivensconditionswillshavesansabnormalsresult
s 7. B. Lowspercentagesofspersonsswithsthesgivensconditionswillshavesansabnormalsresult
C. Lowslikelihoodsofsnormalsresultsinspersonsswithoutsasgivenscondition
D. Nonesofsthesabove
,s 8. Ifsasdiagnosticsstudyshasshighsspecificity,sthissindicatessa:
A. Lowspercentagesofshealthysindividualsswillsshowsasnormalsresult
B. Highspercentagesofshealthysindividualsswillsshowsasnormalsresult
C. Highspercentagesofsindividualsswithsasdisorderswillsshowsasnormalsresult
D. Lowspercentagesofsindividualsswithsasdisorderswillsshowsansabnormalsresult
s 9. Aslikelihoodsratiosaboves1sindicatessthatsasdiagnosticstestsshowingsa:
A. Positivesresultsissstronglysassociatedswithsthesdisease
B. Negativesresultsissstronglysassociatedswithsabsencesofsthesdisease
C. Positivesresultsissweaklysassociatedswithsthesdisease
D. Negativesresultsissweaklysassociatedswithsabsencesofsthesdisease
s sss 10.sWhichsofsthesfollowingsclinicalsreasoningstoolssissdefinedsassevidence-
basedsresourcesbasedsonsmathematicalsmodelingstosexpressstheslikelihoodsofsasconditionsinsselectssi
tuations,ssettings,sand/orspatients?
A. Clinicalspracticesguidelines
B. ClinicalsdecisionsrulesClin
C. icals algorithmsClinicalsrec
D. ommendation
, Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
s s s s s s
Answer Section
s
MULTIPLEsCHOICE
1. ANS:s B
Croskerrys(2009)sdescribesstwosmajorstypessofsclinicalsdiagnosticsdecision-
making:sintuitivesandsanalytical.sIntuitivesdecision-makings(similarstosAugenblinksdecision-
making)sissbasedsonsthesexperiencesandsintuitionsofsthescliniciansandsisslesssreliablesandspairedswiths
fairlyscommonserrors.sInscontrast,sanalyticalsdecision-
makingsissbasedsonscarefulsconsiderationsandshassgreatersreliabilityswithsrareserrors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS:s D
Tosobtainsadequateshistory,sproviderssmustsbeswellsorganized,sattentivestosthespatient’ssverbalsandsn
onverbalslanguage,sandsablestosaccuratelysinterpretsthespatient’ssresponsesstosquestions.sRathersth
ansreadingsintosthespatient’ssstatements,stheysclarifysanysareassofsuncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS:s C
Vitalssignssarespartsofsthesphysicalsexaminationsportionsofspatientsassessment,snotspartsofstheshealthshisto
ry.
PTS: 1
4. ANS:s D
Whilesperformingsthesphysicalsexamination,sthesexaminersmustsbesablestosdifferentiatesbetweensno
rmalsandsabnormalsfindings,srecallsknowledgesofsasrangesofsconditions,sincludingstheirsassociatedssi
gnssandssymptoms,srecognizeshowscertainsconditionssaffectsthesresponsestosothersconditions,sands
distinguishsthesrelevancesofsvariedsabnormalsfindings.
PTS: 1
5. ANS:s C
Sourcessforsdiagnosticsstatisticssincludestextbooks,sprimarysreportssofsresearch,sandspublishedsme
ta-
analyses.sAnotherssourcesofsstatistics,sthesonesthatshassbeensmostswidelysusedsandsavailablesforsap
plicationstosthesreasoningsprocess,sissthesestimationsbasedsonsasprovider’ssexperience,salthoughsth
esesaresrarelysaccurate.sOversthespastsdecade,sthesavailabilitysofsevidencesonswhichstosbasesclinicals
reasoningsissimproving,sandstheresissansincreasingsexpectationsthatsclinicalsreasoningsbesbasedsonss
cientificsevidence.sEvidence-
basedsstatisticssaresalsosincreasinglysbeingsusedstosdevelopsresourcesstosfacilitatesclinicalsdecision-
making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS:s D
Tosassistsinsclinicalsdecision-making,sasnumbersofsevidence-
basedsresourcesshavesbeensdevelopedstosassiststhesclinician.sResources,ssuchsassalgorithmssandsclini
calspracticesguidelines,sassistsinsclinicalsreasoningswhensproperlysapplied.
Downloadedsby:sStuviaaas|
Distributionsofsthissdocumentsissillegal
