porth essentials of pathophysiology
1. A client is managing his diabetes with exercise and diet. The health care
provider reviews the client's most recent lab results: fasting blood sugar level
at 80 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1C of 5%. Select the response that best
identifies the client.: The client is achieving normal glycemic control.
2. A patient is managing his type 2 diabetes with exercise and diet. He has
a fasting blood sugar level (FBS) of 80 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1C of 5%.
Based on these findings, which of the following can the nurse assume?: The
patient is achieving normal glycemic control.
3. When educating a patient about glargine (Lantus), the nurse should
explain that this medication:: Has a prolonged absorption rate and provides a
relatively constant concentration for 12-24 hours.
4. The nurse has just completed teaching a client newly diagnosed with
type 1 diabetes about rapid-acting insulin. The nurse determines that
teaching was effective when the client selects:: Lispro
5. The nurse is reviewing assessment data on four clients. Select the client
at highest risk for developing type 2 diabetes.: A 45-year-old obese female with
a sedentary lifestyle
6. The obstetrical nurse is caring for a client who has been treated for
gestational diabetes. When teaching the client about the causes of
gestational diabetes, the nurse should include which of these risk factors in
the teaching?: Woman with a family history of diabetes
7. The nurse and nursing student are caring for a client undergoing a
severe stressor with release of epinephrine into the bloodstream. Which of
these effects on blood glucose levels does the nurse teach the student
epinephrine will cause?: Blood glucose will elevate.
8. A patient with diabetes asks the nurse for advice in controlling between-
meal blood glucose levels. Which of the following might the nurse suggest
as a long-acting insulin to provide a consistent basal level?: Glargine (Lantus)
, porth essentials of pathophysiology
9. Which of the following clients would be considered to be exhibiting
manifestations of "prediabetes"?: A middle-aged overweight adult with a fasting
plasma glucose level of 122 with follow-up OGTT of 189 mg/dL.
10. Type 2 diabetes is caused by metabolic abnormalities in the presence of
insulin. What are these metabolic abnormalities? (Select all that apply.): •
Deranged secretion of insulin
• Insulin resistance
• Increased glucose production by the liver
11. The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes and the family about the
signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. The client asks what produces signs
and symptoms of headache, disturbed behavior, coma, and seizures. The
best response would be:: The brain relies on blood glucose as its main energy
source.
12. What are the hallmark signs of diabetes mellitus?: Polyuria, polydipsia,
and polyphagia
13. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus wishes to stop taking insulin
injections. What option is appropriate?: Using an insulin infusion pump
14. Select the most appropriate intervention for the nurse to teach a client
diagnosed with distal symmetric neuropathy related to diabetes.: Inspect the
feet for blisters daily
15. The critical care nurse has just admitted a client with diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA) whose blood glucose level is 877 mg/dL. The client's
breath has a fruity odor and the client is confused. Which of these does the
nurse set as the priority at this time?: Administration of intravenous fluids
16. A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has been instructed about
managing his condition with diet. The nurse determines further teaching is
necessary when the client states:: "I must avoid all candies and cookies, but
can eat unlimited amounts of pasta and breads."
1. A client is managing his diabetes with exercise and diet. The health care
provider reviews the client's most recent lab results: fasting blood sugar level
at 80 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1C of 5%. Select the response that best
identifies the client.: The client is achieving normal glycemic control.
2. A patient is managing his type 2 diabetes with exercise and diet. He has
a fasting blood sugar level (FBS) of 80 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1C of 5%.
Based on these findings, which of the following can the nurse assume?: The
patient is achieving normal glycemic control.
3. When educating a patient about glargine (Lantus), the nurse should
explain that this medication:: Has a prolonged absorption rate and provides a
relatively constant concentration for 12-24 hours.
4. The nurse has just completed teaching a client newly diagnosed with
type 1 diabetes about rapid-acting insulin. The nurse determines that
teaching was effective when the client selects:: Lispro
5. The nurse is reviewing assessment data on four clients. Select the client
at highest risk for developing type 2 diabetes.: A 45-year-old obese female with
a sedentary lifestyle
6. The obstetrical nurse is caring for a client who has been treated for
gestational diabetes. When teaching the client about the causes of
gestational diabetes, the nurse should include which of these risk factors in
the teaching?: Woman with a family history of diabetes
7. The nurse and nursing student are caring for a client undergoing a
severe stressor with release of epinephrine into the bloodstream. Which of
these effects on blood glucose levels does the nurse teach the student
epinephrine will cause?: Blood glucose will elevate.
8. A patient with diabetes asks the nurse for advice in controlling between-
meal blood glucose levels. Which of the following might the nurse suggest
as a long-acting insulin to provide a consistent basal level?: Glargine (Lantus)
, porth essentials of pathophysiology
9. Which of the following clients would be considered to be exhibiting
manifestations of "prediabetes"?: A middle-aged overweight adult with a fasting
plasma glucose level of 122 with follow-up OGTT of 189 mg/dL.
10. Type 2 diabetes is caused by metabolic abnormalities in the presence of
insulin. What are these metabolic abnormalities? (Select all that apply.): •
Deranged secretion of insulin
• Insulin resistance
• Increased glucose production by the liver
11. The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes and the family about the
signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. The client asks what produces signs
and symptoms of headache, disturbed behavior, coma, and seizures. The
best response would be:: The brain relies on blood glucose as its main energy
source.
12. What are the hallmark signs of diabetes mellitus?: Polyuria, polydipsia,
and polyphagia
13. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus wishes to stop taking insulin
injections. What option is appropriate?: Using an insulin infusion pump
14. Select the most appropriate intervention for the nurse to teach a client
diagnosed with distal symmetric neuropathy related to diabetes.: Inspect the
feet for blisters daily
15. The critical care nurse has just admitted a client with diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA) whose blood glucose level is 877 mg/dL. The client's
breath has a fruity odor and the client is confused. Which of these does the
nurse set as the priority at this time?: Administration of intravenous fluids
16. A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has been instructed about
managing his condition with diet. The nurse determines further teaching is
necessary when the client states:: "I must avoid all candies and cookies, but
can eat unlimited amounts of pasta and breads."
