BIO230 UofT Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_be08hk
1. What domains are polar in multicellular organisims: Apical domain
basolateral domain
2. Polarized cells can...: have different functions at different cell regions
define inside v outside
transmit signals from one end to the other
3. Exocytosis: directly to the target domain
-out
4. endocytosis: process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of
the cell membrane
in
5. Trafficking routes: polarized
proteins are organized at sorting station
balanced by retrieval pathways
6. ER-> Golgi-> plasma membrane: some trafficking routes are polarized
7. Transmembrane ->Golgi network: proteins are organized at sorting stations
8. ER retrieval from Golgi: different routes are balanced by retrieval pathways
9. Most cargo moves through: Constitutive sectretion
10. What is not required for constitutive secretion: specific signals
11. returns membrane back to the golgi: clathrin-coated vesicles
12. Clathrin-coated vesicles: shrink vesicle
makes cargo more concentrated
13. Regualted secretion: releases material in response to a signal
do not fuse with the plasma membrane until signal is received
14. Cytokinesis: division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
15. Phagocytosis: A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or
whole cells
16. Plasma membrane repair: fixes a wound in the cell by exocytosis
17. Plasma membrane - early endosome- lysosome: polarized
18. endosomes: sorting stations
19. re-secretion to plasma membrane: retrieval pathways
20. 3 options for endocytosed proteins: recyclying, transcytosis, degradation
21. Vesicle trafficking types: donor membrane into cytoplasm
vesicle fusion
donor membrane away from the cytoplasm
22. what does LDL bind to?: LDL receptors coated with clathrin triskelion
23. COPII: ER to cis-Golgi
24. COPI: Golgi to ER
25. Clathrin: Trans Golgi-->Lysosomes; Plasma membrane-->Endosomes
26. Retromer: multiprotein coat that forms on an endosomal vesicle only
, BIO230 UofT Final Exam
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27. SNARE proteins: help mediate vesicle fusion
t-SNARES and v-SNARES required
-must be on opposite membranes
28. ESCRT proteins: can form vesicles away from the cytoplasm
into lumen or extracellular space
vesicle formation machinery in cytoplasm
29. ESCRT-0: binds PI(3)P and collects mono-ubiquitinated cargo proteins, provides
binding site for ESCRT-I
- initiation and cluster cargo selection step
30. ESCRT-1, 2, and 3: help push vesicle away from cytosol
31. How many of the following are examples of vesicle formation into the
cytoplasm?
COPII-mediated secretory vesicle formation at the ER
ESCRT-Mediated vesicle formation
clathrin-mediated endocytic vesicle formation
any process mediated by SNARE proteins: 2
32. Phosphoinositides: label different membrane domains
diff membrane domains and compartments contain diff lipids
diff PIPS are found at diff subcellular locations
Phosphorylation site positions are numbers in brackets
total number of phosphorylation sites subscript number
33. PI(3)P: phagocytosis
-endosomes
-can phosphorylate PI(3,4)P2 and PI(3,5)P2
-can dephosphorylate PI
34. PI(4)P: endocytosis
-golgi
-can dephosphorylate PI
-can phosphorylate PI(3,4)P2 and PI(4,5)P2
35. PI(4,5)P2: Golgi and PLasma membrane
can dephosphorylate Pi(5)P and PI(4)P
can phosphorylate PI(3,4,5)P3
bind to adaptor proteins for clathrin mediated enodocytosis
36. PI(3,5)P2: Endocytosis
-late endosomes
-can dephosphorylate PI(5)P
37. PI(3,4,5)P3: phagocytosis
-plasma membrane
-can dephosphorylate PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4)P2
, BIO230 UofT Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_be08hk
38. Structure of Phosphoinositides: inositol sugar-blue
phosphate group-yellow
glycerol-grey
lipids-orange
39. Rab GTPase: molecular switches that can direct vesicles
off when bound to GDP
on when bound GTP
GEF turns on this exchange from GDP to GTP
40. Rabs and PIPS combination in early endosome: Rab5-GTP recruits PI 3-Ki-
nase
PI(3)P can recruit Rab5-GEF
More Rab5-GEF makes more active Rab5-GDP
41. Rabs and SNARES: work together in vesicle targeting & fusion
interact with tethering protein
42. Polar cytoskeleton organization: Microtubules
actin
intermediate filaments
43. Microtubules: transport vesicles and proteins to diff ends of the cell
44. actin: defines cell shape and behaviour
45. Intermediate filaments: contribute to cell polarity
46. Interphase crawling/ migrating cell: microtubules radiate from cell centre
actin enriched at cell cortex
47. Mitosis: microtubules form the mitotic spindle
actin at cell cortex dissembles
48. cytokinesis: microtubules keep cell components separate
actin forms the contractile ring
49. Polar tublin dimers for polar microtubules: monomeric proteins
-alpha tubulin
-beta tubulin
-both form dimers
tubulins bind and hydrolyze GTP
tubulin heterodimers assemble head-to-tail to make polarized protofilaments
50. alpha tubulin: found at minus end
d-form heterodimer
-less stable
-GDP-bound
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_be08hk
1. What domains are polar in multicellular organisims: Apical domain
basolateral domain
2. Polarized cells can...: have different functions at different cell regions
define inside v outside
transmit signals from one end to the other
3. Exocytosis: directly to the target domain
-out
4. endocytosis: process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of
the cell membrane
in
5. Trafficking routes: polarized
proteins are organized at sorting station
balanced by retrieval pathways
6. ER-> Golgi-> plasma membrane: some trafficking routes are polarized
7. Transmembrane ->Golgi network: proteins are organized at sorting stations
8. ER retrieval from Golgi: different routes are balanced by retrieval pathways
9. Most cargo moves through: Constitutive sectretion
10. What is not required for constitutive secretion: specific signals
11. returns membrane back to the golgi: clathrin-coated vesicles
12. Clathrin-coated vesicles: shrink vesicle
makes cargo more concentrated
13. Regualted secretion: releases material in response to a signal
do not fuse with the plasma membrane until signal is received
14. Cytokinesis: division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
15. Phagocytosis: A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or
whole cells
16. Plasma membrane repair: fixes a wound in the cell by exocytosis
17. Plasma membrane - early endosome- lysosome: polarized
18. endosomes: sorting stations
19. re-secretion to plasma membrane: retrieval pathways
20. 3 options for endocytosed proteins: recyclying, transcytosis, degradation
21. Vesicle trafficking types: donor membrane into cytoplasm
vesicle fusion
donor membrane away from the cytoplasm
22. what does LDL bind to?: LDL receptors coated with clathrin triskelion
23. COPII: ER to cis-Golgi
24. COPI: Golgi to ER
25. Clathrin: Trans Golgi-->Lysosomes; Plasma membrane-->Endosomes
26. Retromer: multiprotein coat that forms on an endosomal vesicle only
, BIO230 UofT Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_be08hk
27. SNARE proteins: help mediate vesicle fusion
t-SNARES and v-SNARES required
-must be on opposite membranes
28. ESCRT proteins: can form vesicles away from the cytoplasm
into lumen or extracellular space
vesicle formation machinery in cytoplasm
29. ESCRT-0: binds PI(3)P and collects mono-ubiquitinated cargo proteins, provides
binding site for ESCRT-I
- initiation and cluster cargo selection step
30. ESCRT-1, 2, and 3: help push vesicle away from cytosol
31. How many of the following are examples of vesicle formation into the
cytoplasm?
COPII-mediated secretory vesicle formation at the ER
ESCRT-Mediated vesicle formation
clathrin-mediated endocytic vesicle formation
any process mediated by SNARE proteins: 2
32. Phosphoinositides: label different membrane domains
diff membrane domains and compartments contain diff lipids
diff PIPS are found at diff subcellular locations
Phosphorylation site positions are numbers in brackets
total number of phosphorylation sites subscript number
33. PI(3)P: phagocytosis
-endosomes
-can phosphorylate PI(3,4)P2 and PI(3,5)P2
-can dephosphorylate PI
34. PI(4)P: endocytosis
-golgi
-can dephosphorylate PI
-can phosphorylate PI(3,4)P2 and PI(4,5)P2
35. PI(4,5)P2: Golgi and PLasma membrane
can dephosphorylate Pi(5)P and PI(4)P
can phosphorylate PI(3,4,5)P3
bind to adaptor proteins for clathrin mediated enodocytosis
36. PI(3,5)P2: Endocytosis
-late endosomes
-can dephosphorylate PI(5)P
37. PI(3,4,5)P3: phagocytosis
-plasma membrane
-can dephosphorylate PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4)P2
, BIO230 UofT Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_be08hk
38. Structure of Phosphoinositides: inositol sugar-blue
phosphate group-yellow
glycerol-grey
lipids-orange
39. Rab GTPase: molecular switches that can direct vesicles
off when bound to GDP
on when bound GTP
GEF turns on this exchange from GDP to GTP
40. Rabs and PIPS combination in early endosome: Rab5-GTP recruits PI 3-Ki-
nase
PI(3)P can recruit Rab5-GEF
More Rab5-GEF makes more active Rab5-GDP
41. Rabs and SNARES: work together in vesicle targeting & fusion
interact with tethering protein
42. Polar cytoskeleton organization: Microtubules
actin
intermediate filaments
43. Microtubules: transport vesicles and proteins to diff ends of the cell
44. actin: defines cell shape and behaviour
45. Intermediate filaments: contribute to cell polarity
46. Interphase crawling/ migrating cell: microtubules radiate from cell centre
actin enriched at cell cortex
47. Mitosis: microtubules form the mitotic spindle
actin at cell cortex dissembles
48. cytokinesis: microtubules keep cell components separate
actin forms the contractile ring
49. Polar tublin dimers for polar microtubules: monomeric proteins
-alpha tubulin
-beta tubulin
-both form dimers
tubulins bind and hydrolyze GTP
tubulin heterodimers assemble head-to-tail to make polarized protofilaments
50. alpha tubulin: found at minus end
d-form heterodimer
-less stable
-GDP-bound
