measure the size of the observed cell in
units with eyepieces graticule
calibrate the eyepieces graticule with a measurement of the size of
stage micrometer speciman
calculate the actual size of the cell
living organism that do not have a true
nucleus
circular DNA
70s ribosome cytoplasm
cell wall( made of peptidoglygan)
cell surface membrane
structure prokaryote cell
provide movement flagellum
slime layer for protection capsule
plasmid DNA
can observe large organelles, cell, tissue,
pili organ, organism
0.5- 5um live cell
light microscope stained
inner membrane
color image
outer membrane
visible light source red light 700nm/ violet light 4
thylakoid structure
transmission electron microscope
stroma
scanning electron microscope
grana chloroplast
radiation: electrons
microscope
site of photosynthesis
wavelength: 0.5nm- 10nm
electron microscope
10nm
in the magnetic field
made of cellulose
white and black image
maintain the cell shape
dead speciman
cell wall
freely permeable
can observe small organelles and virus
fungi cell wall: made of chitin plant cell Cell magnification M=I/A
variable in size
large permenant vesicle non-living
maintain the turgor pressure of a plant cell vacuole capsomere
store sugar, mineral salts and pigments capsid
tonoplast virus structure DNA
genetic material
plasmodesmata rRNA
25nm viral envelope: phospholipid
site of protein synthesis hijack nucleus to produce own viral DNA
ribosome
made of rRNA and ribosomal protein
free ribosome: synthesis cytoplasm protein
25nm
alpha tubulin+ beta tubulin> dimer
microtubule
involved in mitosis
transport of vesicle
no membrane bounded
located close to nucleus
centrosome
organize the formation of microtubule
consist of two centrioles perpendicular to
each other
contains hydrolytic enzyme
digest bacteria lysosome
digest damaged organelles
site of aerobic respiration: a chemical
reaction that break down nutrient molecules
and release energy inside of a cell
eukayotes cell structure
outer membrane animal cell
mitochondria
inner membrane
crista 10- 100um
matrix
flatten sacs of membrane
modifies protein
Golgi body
secretory pathway: DNA> ribosome( by add a carbohydrate to the protein>
mRNA)> rough ER( form polypeptide)> glycoprotein
Glogi body
packaging and transfer of proteins
no ribosome on the surface
smooth ER
production, processing, storage of lipids
membrane bounded
flattened sacs rough ER
involved in folding, modification and
transport of proteins
double membrane structure nucleus envelope
in: nucleotide, ATP, rRNA, ribosomal protein
nucleus pore
out: mRNA, ribosome, genetic material nucleus
synthesis ribosome nucleolus
chromatin
mitochondria and chloroplast originally are
prokaryotes, and they are taken/engulf in by
eukaryotes, forming a symbiontic relationship
endosymbiont therory
stroma: 70s ribosome/ circular DNA
matrix: 70s ribosome/ circular DNA
living organism that contains true nucleus
units with eyepieces graticule
calibrate the eyepieces graticule with a measurement of the size of
stage micrometer speciman
calculate the actual size of the cell
living organism that do not have a true
nucleus
circular DNA
70s ribosome cytoplasm
cell wall( made of peptidoglygan)
cell surface membrane
structure prokaryote cell
provide movement flagellum
slime layer for protection capsule
plasmid DNA
can observe large organelles, cell, tissue,
pili organ, organism
0.5- 5um live cell
light microscope stained
inner membrane
color image
outer membrane
visible light source red light 700nm/ violet light 4
thylakoid structure
transmission electron microscope
stroma
scanning electron microscope
grana chloroplast
radiation: electrons
microscope
site of photosynthesis
wavelength: 0.5nm- 10nm
electron microscope
10nm
in the magnetic field
made of cellulose
white and black image
maintain the cell shape
dead speciman
cell wall
freely permeable
can observe small organelles and virus
fungi cell wall: made of chitin plant cell Cell magnification M=I/A
variable in size
large permenant vesicle non-living
maintain the turgor pressure of a plant cell vacuole capsomere
store sugar, mineral salts and pigments capsid
tonoplast virus structure DNA
genetic material
plasmodesmata rRNA
25nm viral envelope: phospholipid
site of protein synthesis hijack nucleus to produce own viral DNA
ribosome
made of rRNA and ribosomal protein
free ribosome: synthesis cytoplasm protein
25nm
alpha tubulin+ beta tubulin> dimer
microtubule
involved in mitosis
transport of vesicle
no membrane bounded
located close to nucleus
centrosome
organize the formation of microtubule
consist of two centrioles perpendicular to
each other
contains hydrolytic enzyme
digest bacteria lysosome
digest damaged organelles
site of aerobic respiration: a chemical
reaction that break down nutrient molecules
and release energy inside of a cell
eukayotes cell structure
outer membrane animal cell
mitochondria
inner membrane
crista 10- 100um
matrix
flatten sacs of membrane
modifies protein
Golgi body
secretory pathway: DNA> ribosome( by add a carbohydrate to the protein>
mRNA)> rough ER( form polypeptide)> glycoprotein
Glogi body
packaging and transfer of proteins
no ribosome on the surface
smooth ER
production, processing, storage of lipids
membrane bounded
flattened sacs rough ER
involved in folding, modification and
transport of proteins
double membrane structure nucleus envelope
in: nucleotide, ATP, rRNA, ribosomal protein
nucleus pore
out: mRNA, ribosome, genetic material nucleus
synthesis ribosome nucleolus
chromatin
mitochondria and chloroplast originally are
prokaryotes, and they are taken/engulf in by
eukaryotes, forming a symbiontic relationship
endosymbiont therory
stroma: 70s ribosome/ circular DNA
matrix: 70s ribosome/ circular DNA
living organism that contains true nucleus
