Organic Chemistry Complete Study Guide Test.
Alkane - CORRECT ANSWER a hydrocarbon containing only single covalent bonds
Alkene - CORRECT ANSWER Alkyne - CORRECT ANSWER Alcohol - CORRECT ANSWER Ether - CORRECT ANSWER Ester - CORRECT ANSWER Amine - CORRECT ANSWER Aldehyde - CORRECT ANSWER Ketone - CORRECT ANSWER An organic compound with a carbonyl group of which the carbon atom is bonded to two other carbons.
Alkoxy - CORRECT ANSWER is an -OR group, an alkyl (or aryl) groupatttached to an oxygen atom.
Alkyl group - CORRECT ANSWER Carbonyl - CORRECT ANSWER carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom Hydroxyl - CORRECT ANSWER A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols.
Acetyl - CORRECT ANSWER In organic chemistry, acetyl is a functional group, the acyl with chemical formula CH3CO. It is sometimes represented by the symbol Ac (not to be confused with the element actinium). The acetyl group contains a methyl group single-bonded to a carbonyl.
Gem-/Vic- - CORRECT ANSWER Vicinal on 2 different adjacent carbons
Geminal- on same carbon
Tosyl - CORRECT ANSWER a compound containing the functional group -SO3C6H4CH3, derived from toluenesulfonic acid.
Mesyl - CORRECT ANSWER a compound containing the functional group -SO3CH3, derived from methanesulfonic acid.
Carboxylic Acid - CORRECT ANSWER Amide (think of amino acid strucutre) - CORRECT ANSWER Anhydride - CORRECT ANSWER A functional group containing two carbonyls separated by an oxygen atom (RCOOCOR); often the condensation dimer of a carboxylic acid.
Aryl - CORRECT ANSWER organic halide in which the halogen atom is attached to an aromatic ring, such as a benzene ring
Halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine) are nonmetal elements that are highly electronegative and reactive. Benzyl - CORRECT ANSWER benzyl is the substituent or molecular fragment possessing the structure C6H5CH2-. Benzyl features a benzene ring attached to a CH2 group.
Hydrazine - CORRECT ANSWER Vinyl - CORRECT ANSWER vinyl or ethenyl is the functional group −CH=CH2, namely the ethylene (IUPAC ethene) molecule (H2C=CH2) minus one hydrogen atom. The name is also used for any compound containing that group, namely R−CH=CH2 where R is any other group of atoms.
Allyl - CORRECT ANSWER An allyl group is a substituent with the structural formula H2C=CH-CH2R, where R is the rest of the molecule
Nitrile - CORRECT ANSWER A nitrile is an organic chemical that contains a cyano functional group (subunit), CN-, in which the carbon and nitrogen atoms have a triple bond i.e. C≡N-. The general chemical formula of a nitrile is RCN, where R is the organic group.
Epoxide - CORRECT ANSWER `
Enamine/Imine - CORRECT ANSWER An enamine is an unsaturated compound derived by the condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with a secondary amine. Enamines are considered to be nitrogen
analogs of enols. If one of the nitrogen substituents is a hydrogen atom, H, it is the tautomeric form of an imine.
Acyl - CORRECT ANSWER a functional group derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid,[1] including inorganic acids. It contains a double bonded oxygen atom and an alkyl group.
Aromatic - CORRECT ANSWER Aliphatic - CORRECT ANSWER In organic chemistry, hydrocarbons (compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen) are divided into two classes: aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds also known as non-aromatic compounds. Aliphatics can be cyclic, but only aromatic compounds contain an especially stable ring of atoms, such as
benzene.
Aliphatic compounds can be saturated, like Hexane, or unsaturated, like Hexene and Hexyne. Open-
chain compounds (whether straight or branched) contain no rings of any type, and are thus aliphatic.
Sulphone - CORRECT ANSWER an organic compound containing a sulfonyl group linking two organic groups.
Nitro - CORRECT ANSWER Nitro compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more nitro functional groups (−NO2). The nitro group is one of the most common explosophores (functional group that makes a compound explosive) used globally. The nitro group is also strongly electron-withdrawing
Acetal - CORRECT ANSWER An acetal is a functional group with the following connectivity R2C(OR')2, where both R' groups are organic fragments.
Ketal - CORRECT ANSWER term ketal is sometimes used to identify structures associated with ketones rather than aldehydes and, historically, the term acetal was used specifically for the aldehyde cases.
Hemiacetal - CORRECT ANSWER A functional group that contains a carbon atom bonded to one -OR group, one -OH group, an alkyl chain, and a hydrogen atom.
Hemiketal - CORRECT ANSWER A carbon atom bonded to two alkyl groups, an -OR group, and an -OH group
Meth - CORRECT ANSWER 1
eth - CORRECT ANSWER 2
prop - CORRECT ANSWER 3
but- - CORRECT ANSWER 4
Alkane - CORRECT ANSWER a hydrocarbon containing only single covalent bonds
Alkene - CORRECT ANSWER Alkyne - CORRECT ANSWER Alcohol - CORRECT ANSWER Ether - CORRECT ANSWER Ester - CORRECT ANSWER Amine - CORRECT ANSWER Aldehyde - CORRECT ANSWER Ketone - CORRECT ANSWER An organic compound with a carbonyl group of which the carbon atom is bonded to two other carbons.
Alkoxy - CORRECT ANSWER is an -OR group, an alkyl (or aryl) groupatttached to an oxygen atom.
Alkyl group - CORRECT ANSWER Carbonyl - CORRECT ANSWER carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom Hydroxyl - CORRECT ANSWER A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols.
Acetyl - CORRECT ANSWER In organic chemistry, acetyl is a functional group, the acyl with chemical formula CH3CO. It is sometimes represented by the symbol Ac (not to be confused with the element actinium). The acetyl group contains a methyl group single-bonded to a carbonyl.
Gem-/Vic- - CORRECT ANSWER Vicinal on 2 different adjacent carbons
Geminal- on same carbon
Tosyl - CORRECT ANSWER a compound containing the functional group -SO3C6H4CH3, derived from toluenesulfonic acid.
Mesyl - CORRECT ANSWER a compound containing the functional group -SO3CH3, derived from methanesulfonic acid.
Carboxylic Acid - CORRECT ANSWER Amide (think of amino acid strucutre) - CORRECT ANSWER Anhydride - CORRECT ANSWER A functional group containing two carbonyls separated by an oxygen atom (RCOOCOR); often the condensation dimer of a carboxylic acid.
Aryl - CORRECT ANSWER organic halide in which the halogen atom is attached to an aromatic ring, such as a benzene ring
Halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine) are nonmetal elements that are highly electronegative and reactive. Benzyl - CORRECT ANSWER benzyl is the substituent or molecular fragment possessing the structure C6H5CH2-. Benzyl features a benzene ring attached to a CH2 group.
Hydrazine - CORRECT ANSWER Vinyl - CORRECT ANSWER vinyl or ethenyl is the functional group −CH=CH2, namely the ethylene (IUPAC ethene) molecule (H2C=CH2) minus one hydrogen atom. The name is also used for any compound containing that group, namely R−CH=CH2 where R is any other group of atoms.
Allyl - CORRECT ANSWER An allyl group is a substituent with the structural formula H2C=CH-CH2R, where R is the rest of the molecule
Nitrile - CORRECT ANSWER A nitrile is an organic chemical that contains a cyano functional group (subunit), CN-, in which the carbon and nitrogen atoms have a triple bond i.e. C≡N-. The general chemical formula of a nitrile is RCN, where R is the organic group.
Epoxide - CORRECT ANSWER `
Enamine/Imine - CORRECT ANSWER An enamine is an unsaturated compound derived by the condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with a secondary amine. Enamines are considered to be nitrogen
analogs of enols. If one of the nitrogen substituents is a hydrogen atom, H, it is the tautomeric form of an imine.
Acyl - CORRECT ANSWER a functional group derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid,[1] including inorganic acids. It contains a double bonded oxygen atom and an alkyl group.
Aromatic - CORRECT ANSWER Aliphatic - CORRECT ANSWER In organic chemistry, hydrocarbons (compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen) are divided into two classes: aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds also known as non-aromatic compounds. Aliphatics can be cyclic, but only aromatic compounds contain an especially stable ring of atoms, such as
benzene.
Aliphatic compounds can be saturated, like Hexane, or unsaturated, like Hexene and Hexyne. Open-
chain compounds (whether straight or branched) contain no rings of any type, and are thus aliphatic.
Sulphone - CORRECT ANSWER an organic compound containing a sulfonyl group linking two organic groups.
Nitro - CORRECT ANSWER Nitro compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more nitro functional groups (−NO2). The nitro group is one of the most common explosophores (functional group that makes a compound explosive) used globally. The nitro group is also strongly electron-withdrawing
Acetal - CORRECT ANSWER An acetal is a functional group with the following connectivity R2C(OR')2, where both R' groups are organic fragments.
Ketal - CORRECT ANSWER term ketal is sometimes used to identify structures associated with ketones rather than aldehydes and, historically, the term acetal was used specifically for the aldehyde cases.
Hemiacetal - CORRECT ANSWER A functional group that contains a carbon atom bonded to one -OR group, one -OH group, an alkyl chain, and a hydrogen atom.
Hemiketal - CORRECT ANSWER A carbon atom bonded to two alkyl groups, an -OR group, and an -OH group
Meth - CORRECT ANSWER 1
eth - CORRECT ANSWER 2
prop - CORRECT ANSWER 3
but- - CORRECT ANSWER 4
