BIOS 242 Exam 2 - Refined

A recently discovered new species of microorganism which does not use oxygen in its metabolism was discovered growing in pH 10, in hot springs, green in color and uses CO2 as source of carbon nutrient rich soil. Describe in detail the nutritional and physical requirements for this organism to grow, listing and explaining at least five characteristics. - CORRECT ANSWER - Does not use O2 - anaerobepH 10/lives in hot springs - alkalinophileLives in hot springs - thermophileGreen in color - photoautotroph/photoheterotrophuses CO2 (inorganic) form of carbon - autotroph/phototroph Compare and contrast the aerobic respiration and fermentation in terms of pathways found in each, substrates, products, ATP amount and their cellular location in microorganisms. - CORRECT ANSWER - Aerobic Respiration1) Glycolysis-Yields 2 ATP-1 glucose molecule yields 2 pyruvates (carbon source)-2 H2Os are produced2)Krebs Cylce- yields 2 ATPs/1 pyruvate - there were 2 pyruvates so 4 ATPs yielded-6 CO2s are yielded (3 CO2/1 pyruvate)-2 H2Os consumed3)Electron Transport SystemOxygen is the electron acceptor- yields 34 ATPs- yields 6 CO2- yields 6 H2O molecules- 6 O2 molecules consumedTotal: 36-38 ATPs yielded- yields 6 CO2- yields 6 H2O molecules- 6 O2 molecules consumedFermentation:Is the incomplete oxidation of glucose or other carbohydrates without oxygen. Uses organic compounds like carbon and hydrogen as the terminal electron acceptor that results in a product of alchohol/acid. Yields only a small amount of ATP. Still goes through glycolysis.