PPCT Use of Force questions with correct
answers
Explain the history of the Pressure Point Control Technique System. - Answer
PPCT stands for Pressure Point Control Tactics. PPCT was founded in 1979 by
Bruce Siddle. PPCT Management Systems is a corporation that specializes in
providing research based training for law enforcement, military, corrections, and
industrial security, designed to minimize the ever present risk of liability. The
PPCT Training System has been a great success and has been adopted by many
major agencies in this country and the world.
Identify the components of acceptability - Answer Tactically - From a Tactical
Standpoint
Medically
Legally
Tactically - From a Tactical Standpoint - Answer All of the techniques within the
PPCT System are designed around the "Three Minute Rule," which means if an
officer cannot learn the basic mechanics of a technique in three minutes or less, in
all probability, the officer will not be able to retain or use the technique in the
stress of an actual resistance. Hick's Law states that "less is best."
Stimulus-response training is direct or indirect training that may determine one's
actions under stress. Currently there are three methods of training when survival
skills are taught. They are: Static Training - Where gross muscle movement is
taught without any stimulus initiating action. Techniques are practiced in a slow
motion manner without any type of stimulated resistance allowed. No more than 25
repetitions should be needed. Fluid Training - Practicing a technique that is now
accompanied by stimulated but relaxed resistance. The resistor gives the officer the
most common type of resistance that is applicable to the control method being
practiced. This type of training shortens the officer's reaction time and prevents
mental stalls. Dynamic Training - This phase of training is designed to duplicate
actual resistance the officers may incur. Dynamic training must be practiced with
restraints and supervision to prevent injury, or keep injury to a minimum. One
,benefit is that this type of stimulation separates techniques into those that work and
"those that work only in the gym."
The techniques implemented are all gross motor skills. There are three categories
of motor skills: Gross Motor Skills - Large muscle movement; explosive or
strength events (ex. Squat, thrust); pushing and pulling muscles; working on
appendages (legs and arms); five or less repetitions needed. Fine Motor Skills -
Small muscle movement; dexterity skills and accuracy skills (fingers and hands);
typing and playing piano. Complex Motor Skills - Series of movements; hand/eye
coordination skills (ex. Shooting, hitting baseball, child walking, riding a bike).
Stress is a matter of perception, but it is known that competency based training
(skills used on street) which will usually be gross motor skills are those that will be
used the most in high stress situations.
Medically - Answer The PPCT System is the first of its kind to completely
explore the medical implications of each technique. The techniques are broken
down into two categories: Normal Use - Technique used at normal speed with no
resistance. Accelerated Use - Technique done at full speed and with full resistance.
In an officer's use of force, as it relates to the in-custody death of a subject, one or
more of the risks listed below was a contributing factor.
1. Heavy alcohol intoxication
2. Extraordinary physical strength
3. Poor color
4. Panic
5. Hyperthermia - red face and high body temperature
6. Sudden tranquility or lethargy
7. Paranoia
8. Cocaine intoxication
9. Obesity - large bellies
10. Aggressive or bizarre behavior
11. Apparent ineffectiveness of chemical spray
, The officer should also be aware of the possibility of a subject hyperventilating.
Continued rapid breathing or any breathing difficulty may result in the subject
losing consciousness. If the officer is unable to restore normal breathing, he/she
should summons medical assistance. In case of unconsciousness, subject should be
treated by EMS.
Custody related deaths
1. Positional Asphyxia - A lack of oxygen and increase in carbon dioxide in the
blood of the subject, brought about by a subject being in a position that restricts
breathing.
2. Cocaine Induced Excited Delirium - Also called cocaine psychosis.
3. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) - Characteristics are similar to cocaine
induced excited delirium but NMS usually occurs in psychiatric patients who are
taking anti-psychotic medication
4. Cocaine Abuse/Toxicity - Cocaine is an agent that stimulates both the central
nervous and cardiovascular systems. Cocaine constricts blood vessels, elevates
heart rate, raises blood pressure, and increases body temperature.
5. Excited Delirium - a state of extreme mental and physiological excitement,
characterized by extreme agitation, hyperthermia, hostility, exceptional strength,
and endurance without apparent fatigue.
Legally - Answer PPCT has developed a force continuum based upon existing
non-lethal force and lethal force case law. From this research, the PPCT Force
Continuum was designed to teach officers what methods of control are reasonable
for specific types of resistance.
Identify the four most common types of resistance. - Answer The following
categories represent the most common types of resistance that an officer will
encounter:
i. Resistance from the escort position.
ii. Resistance while applying handcuffs.
iii. Passive resistance.
answers
Explain the history of the Pressure Point Control Technique System. - Answer
PPCT stands for Pressure Point Control Tactics. PPCT was founded in 1979 by
Bruce Siddle. PPCT Management Systems is a corporation that specializes in
providing research based training for law enforcement, military, corrections, and
industrial security, designed to minimize the ever present risk of liability. The
PPCT Training System has been a great success and has been adopted by many
major agencies in this country and the world.
Identify the components of acceptability - Answer Tactically - From a Tactical
Standpoint
Medically
Legally
Tactically - From a Tactical Standpoint - Answer All of the techniques within the
PPCT System are designed around the "Three Minute Rule," which means if an
officer cannot learn the basic mechanics of a technique in three minutes or less, in
all probability, the officer will not be able to retain or use the technique in the
stress of an actual resistance. Hick's Law states that "less is best."
Stimulus-response training is direct or indirect training that may determine one's
actions under stress. Currently there are three methods of training when survival
skills are taught. They are: Static Training - Where gross muscle movement is
taught without any stimulus initiating action. Techniques are practiced in a slow
motion manner without any type of stimulated resistance allowed. No more than 25
repetitions should be needed. Fluid Training - Practicing a technique that is now
accompanied by stimulated but relaxed resistance. The resistor gives the officer the
most common type of resistance that is applicable to the control method being
practiced. This type of training shortens the officer's reaction time and prevents
mental stalls. Dynamic Training - This phase of training is designed to duplicate
actual resistance the officers may incur. Dynamic training must be practiced with
restraints and supervision to prevent injury, or keep injury to a minimum. One
,benefit is that this type of stimulation separates techniques into those that work and
"those that work only in the gym."
The techniques implemented are all gross motor skills. There are three categories
of motor skills: Gross Motor Skills - Large muscle movement; explosive or
strength events (ex. Squat, thrust); pushing and pulling muscles; working on
appendages (legs and arms); five or less repetitions needed. Fine Motor Skills -
Small muscle movement; dexterity skills and accuracy skills (fingers and hands);
typing and playing piano. Complex Motor Skills - Series of movements; hand/eye
coordination skills (ex. Shooting, hitting baseball, child walking, riding a bike).
Stress is a matter of perception, but it is known that competency based training
(skills used on street) which will usually be gross motor skills are those that will be
used the most in high stress situations.
Medically - Answer The PPCT System is the first of its kind to completely
explore the medical implications of each technique. The techniques are broken
down into two categories: Normal Use - Technique used at normal speed with no
resistance. Accelerated Use - Technique done at full speed and with full resistance.
In an officer's use of force, as it relates to the in-custody death of a subject, one or
more of the risks listed below was a contributing factor.
1. Heavy alcohol intoxication
2. Extraordinary physical strength
3. Poor color
4. Panic
5. Hyperthermia - red face and high body temperature
6. Sudden tranquility or lethargy
7. Paranoia
8. Cocaine intoxication
9. Obesity - large bellies
10. Aggressive or bizarre behavior
11. Apparent ineffectiveness of chemical spray
, The officer should also be aware of the possibility of a subject hyperventilating.
Continued rapid breathing or any breathing difficulty may result in the subject
losing consciousness. If the officer is unable to restore normal breathing, he/she
should summons medical assistance. In case of unconsciousness, subject should be
treated by EMS.
Custody related deaths
1. Positional Asphyxia - A lack of oxygen and increase in carbon dioxide in the
blood of the subject, brought about by a subject being in a position that restricts
breathing.
2. Cocaine Induced Excited Delirium - Also called cocaine psychosis.
3. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) - Characteristics are similar to cocaine
induced excited delirium but NMS usually occurs in psychiatric patients who are
taking anti-psychotic medication
4. Cocaine Abuse/Toxicity - Cocaine is an agent that stimulates both the central
nervous and cardiovascular systems. Cocaine constricts blood vessels, elevates
heart rate, raises blood pressure, and increases body temperature.
5. Excited Delirium - a state of extreme mental and physiological excitement,
characterized by extreme agitation, hyperthermia, hostility, exceptional strength,
and endurance without apparent fatigue.
Legally - Answer PPCT has developed a force continuum based upon existing
non-lethal force and lethal force case law. From this research, the PPCT Force
Continuum was designed to teach officers what methods of control are reasonable
for specific types of resistance.
Identify the four most common types of resistance. - Answer The following
categories represent the most common types of resistance that an officer will
encounter:
i. Resistance from the escort position.
ii. Resistance while applying handcuffs.
iii. Passive resistance.
