TRL2602
MAY/JUNE EXAM
Year: 2023 (SEMESTER 1)
PREVIEW:
1.1The specialization of labor and product differentiation played significant roles in creating economic
demand for transport. Here's a brief explanation of how these factors contributed to the need for
transportation:
Specialization of Labor: Specialization refers to the division of labor, where individuals or regions focus
on producing specific goods or services more efficiently. As societies evolved, people started specializing
in different occupations or industries based on their skills and comparative advantage. This
specialization led to the growth of industries concentrated in specific geographic regions. For example,
LOLA JACOBS ASSIGNMENTS 0618151315
,certain areas became known for manufacturing textiles, while others focused on producing steel or
agricultural goods.
However, the specialization of labor created a need for transportation because goods and resources
were concentrated in specific locations. For efficient production and trade, these goods needed to be
transported to reach consumers or be used as inputs in other industries. Without transportation, the
benefits of specialization would have been limited to local markets, hindering economic growth and
efficiency.
Product Differentiation: Product differentiation refers to the process of creating unique features or
characteristics in goods or services to make them distinct from competitors. This strategy allows
businesses to target specific market segments and attract customers based on their preferences and
needs. Product differentiation can include factors like quality, design, branding, or customization.
As businesses sought to differentiate their products and reach larger consumer bases, they needed to
distribute their goods across wider geographical areas. This required efficient and reliable transportation
systems to move goods from production centers to various markets. Without transportation, it would
have been difficult for businesses to deliver their unique products to consumers in distant locations,
limiting the potential demand and growth of differentiated goods.
In summary, the specialization of labor led to the concentration of industries and resources in specific
regions, creating a need for transportation to move goods efficiently. Additionally, product
differentiation increased the demand for transportation as businesses sought to distribute their unique
products across wider markets. The development of transportation networks allowed for the expansion
of trade and economic growth by facilitating the movement of goods over long distances.
Briefly explain how the specialisation of labour and product differentiation led to the economic demand
for transport: (10) Ref. Par. 3.1.2.1
LOLA JACOBS ASSIGNMENTS 0618151315
, Specialisation of •More efficient - allowing people to concentrate on best tasks
Labour: allocation •Concentrating on individual tasks, they increase & expand expertise & skills
of diff. tasks to diff. •Enabled communities to provide for most needs by way of voluntary barter at
people specific places/markets.
•Origin of money facilitated product trading as parties no longer needed to agree
on the exchange of goods.
Leads to today's
Market Economy •Further promoted specialisation of labour [SoL]
•Transport Viewpoint: SoL made it essential for communities to trade to satisfy
their needs
Technological •for specific goods make large-scale production possible with time
Background
development & •Took SoL (aimed at individual workers providing complete products), further in that
increased demand use was mad of divsion of labour [DoL]
Division of Labour: •labour to provide product/service is divided into a number of successive &
specialisation in repetitive tasks;
specific activity/part •individuals concentrate only on repetitive execution of specific task.
in the provision of •To benefit, require large factories/production facilities - in turn require bringing
product/service together large no. of workers, raw material & large-scale distribution
Consequently, origin •Involves specific steps in production process (from basic inputs to producing final
of Product product) being separaetd & performed by individual enterprises
Differentiation •SoL, DoL & Product Diff. forms basis for modern production activities
Specialisation [SoL]-, Division of Labour [DoL], Prod.Diff. & Transport efficiency:
Specialisation occurs not only within communities, but also regional, national & international level
as some communities, enterprises & individuals are capable of providing specific products/services
at lower cost than others. Full benefits of greater production efficiency gained by specialisation of
labour, division of labour and product differentiation can be restricted by lack of efficient transport.
Not only does specialisation of labour & product differentiation necessitate transportation of
outputs but division of labour & large-scale production also require effective access & mobility to
supply inputs & distribute outputs over distances.
Cost savings (from efficient production organisation) can be neutralised by in-/ output transporting
costs.
1.2What two groups of users have a need for transport? Explain in full how we
distinguish between these two groups.
LOLA JACOBS ASSIGNMENTS 0618151315
MAY/JUNE EXAM
Year: 2023 (SEMESTER 1)
PREVIEW:
1.1The specialization of labor and product differentiation played significant roles in creating economic
demand for transport. Here's a brief explanation of how these factors contributed to the need for
transportation:
Specialization of Labor: Specialization refers to the division of labor, where individuals or regions focus
on producing specific goods or services more efficiently. As societies evolved, people started specializing
in different occupations or industries based on their skills and comparative advantage. This
specialization led to the growth of industries concentrated in specific geographic regions. For example,
LOLA JACOBS ASSIGNMENTS 0618151315
,certain areas became known for manufacturing textiles, while others focused on producing steel or
agricultural goods.
However, the specialization of labor created a need for transportation because goods and resources
were concentrated in specific locations. For efficient production and trade, these goods needed to be
transported to reach consumers or be used as inputs in other industries. Without transportation, the
benefits of specialization would have been limited to local markets, hindering economic growth and
efficiency.
Product Differentiation: Product differentiation refers to the process of creating unique features or
characteristics in goods or services to make them distinct from competitors. This strategy allows
businesses to target specific market segments and attract customers based on their preferences and
needs. Product differentiation can include factors like quality, design, branding, or customization.
As businesses sought to differentiate their products and reach larger consumer bases, they needed to
distribute their goods across wider geographical areas. This required efficient and reliable transportation
systems to move goods from production centers to various markets. Without transportation, it would
have been difficult for businesses to deliver their unique products to consumers in distant locations,
limiting the potential demand and growth of differentiated goods.
In summary, the specialization of labor led to the concentration of industries and resources in specific
regions, creating a need for transportation to move goods efficiently. Additionally, product
differentiation increased the demand for transportation as businesses sought to distribute their unique
products across wider markets. The development of transportation networks allowed for the expansion
of trade and economic growth by facilitating the movement of goods over long distances.
Briefly explain how the specialisation of labour and product differentiation led to the economic demand
for transport: (10) Ref. Par. 3.1.2.1
LOLA JACOBS ASSIGNMENTS 0618151315
, Specialisation of •More efficient - allowing people to concentrate on best tasks
Labour: allocation •Concentrating on individual tasks, they increase & expand expertise & skills
of diff. tasks to diff. •Enabled communities to provide for most needs by way of voluntary barter at
people specific places/markets.
•Origin of money facilitated product trading as parties no longer needed to agree
on the exchange of goods.
Leads to today's
Market Economy •Further promoted specialisation of labour [SoL]
•Transport Viewpoint: SoL made it essential for communities to trade to satisfy
their needs
Technological •for specific goods make large-scale production possible with time
Background
development & •Took SoL (aimed at individual workers providing complete products), further in that
increased demand use was mad of divsion of labour [DoL]
Division of Labour: •labour to provide product/service is divided into a number of successive &
specialisation in repetitive tasks;
specific activity/part •individuals concentrate only on repetitive execution of specific task.
in the provision of •To benefit, require large factories/production facilities - in turn require bringing
product/service together large no. of workers, raw material & large-scale distribution
Consequently, origin •Involves specific steps in production process (from basic inputs to producing final
of Product product) being separaetd & performed by individual enterprises
Differentiation •SoL, DoL & Product Diff. forms basis for modern production activities
Specialisation [SoL]-, Division of Labour [DoL], Prod.Diff. & Transport efficiency:
Specialisation occurs not only within communities, but also regional, national & international level
as some communities, enterprises & individuals are capable of providing specific products/services
at lower cost than others. Full benefits of greater production efficiency gained by specialisation of
labour, division of labour and product differentiation can be restricted by lack of efficient transport.
Not only does specialisation of labour & product differentiation necessitate transportation of
outputs but division of labour & large-scale production also require effective access & mobility to
supply inputs & distribute outputs over distances.
Cost savings (from efficient production organisation) can be neutralised by in-/ output transporting
costs.
1.2What two groups of users have a need for transport? Explain in full how we
distinguish between these two groups.
LOLA JACOBS ASSIGNMENTS 0618151315
