NSG 5003 WEEK 10 QUIZ | NSG 5003 Final week 10 Questions & Answers-Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades, such as caspase-mediated apoptosis and complement cascades, may be useful in designing drug therapy for which human diseases? - Autoimmune and malignant disorders
Why is it...
Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades, such as caspase-mediated
apoptosis and complement cascades, may be useful in designing drug therapy for
which human diseases? - Autoimmune and malignant disorders
Why is it possible for potassium to diffuse easily into and out of cells? - The resting
plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium
The loss of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during ischemia causes cells to - swell
because of the influx of sodium chloride
Free radicals play a major role in the initiation and progression of which diseases -
Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and ischemic heart disease
Free Radicals cause cell damage by: - Giving up an electron, which causes injury to
the chemical bonds of the cell membrane
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria? - Influx of
calcium ions halts ATP production.
What is a consequence of leakage of lysosomal enzymes during chemical injury? -
Enzymatic digestion of the nucleus and nucleolus occurs, halting DNA synthesis.
Which statement is a description of the characteristics of apoptosis? - Programmed
cell death of scattered, single cells
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, an increase in the osmotic pressure occurs
within the cell because - Sodium chloride enters the cell
What physiologic change occurs during heat exhaustion? - Hemoconcentration
occurs because of the loss of salt and water.
In hypoxic injury, sodium enters the cell and causes swelling because - ATP is
insufficient to maintain the pump that keeps sodium out of the cell.
, What is the cause of free calcium in the cytosol that damages cell membranes by
uncontrolled enzyme activation? - Depletion of ATP normally pumps calcium from
the cell.
What is the single most common cause of cellular injury? - Hypoxic injury
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell because -
The pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function because of a decrease
in ATP levels.
Current research has determined that chemical-induced cellular injury: - Is often the
result of the damage caused by reactive free radicals.
A major determinant of the resting membrane potential necessary for the
transmission of nerve impulses is the ratio between - Intracellular and extracellular
K+
During acidosis, the body compensates for the increase in serum hydrogen ions by
shifting hydrogen ions into the cell in exchange for which electrolyte? - Potassium
Causes of hyperkalemia include: - Renal failure and Addison disease
In hyperkalemia, what change occurs to the cells' resting membrane potential? -
Hypopolarization
The calcium and phosphate balance is influenced by which three substances? -
Parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin D
It is true that Kussmaul respirations indicate: - A compensatory measure is needed to
correct metabolic acidosis.
Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which electrolyte imbalance? - Hypocalcemia
An excessive use of magnesium-containing antacids and aluminum-containing
antacids can result in: - Hypophosphatemia
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