SPI REVIEW QUESTIONSEXAM ELABORATIONS/ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1. Directly related means a. when one item increases or decreases, the second item responds the same direction b. when one item increases, the second item remains independent c. when one item increases, the change in the second item depends on additional factors 2. Two quantities are proportional if an increase in one quality leads to a/an _________ in the other. a. Increase b. Decrease c. increase in same ratio d. requires more than one factor for change 3. Proportionally related means a. Two items are related, but the relationship is not specific b. Two items are related, but the second changes significantly more than the first c. Two items change but are not related to the same cause 4. Inversely related means a. Items are related so that the change in one creates an opposite change in the other b. When one item increases, the other item decreases twice as much c. Two items change at different rates 5. A reciprocal relationship means that a. the items are inversely related b. when one item increases or decreases, the other item does the opposite c. when the reciprocals are multiplied, the result is one d. a and b only e. all of the above 6. What term is the reciprocal of Mega? a. Nano b. Kilo c. Macro d. Micro 7. Which is not a measure of area? a. Cubic meters (volume) b. Inches x inches c. Square cm d. Meters squared 8. A measurement of 40 mm can also be expressed as a. 400 cm b. 0.40 cm c. 40 m d. 4.0 m 9. If you measure a cystic structure, what is an expected value for the volume? a. 6 mm b. 2 cm c. 6 cm 3 d. 2 cm3 Sound Waves 1. Sound waves are a. Electric b. Mechanical, transverse c. Spectral d. Longitudinal, mechanical 2. Which of the following frequencies is closest to the lower limit of ultrasound? a. 19,000 kHz b. 10,000 MHz c. 25,000 Hz (U/S starts at 20 kHz, so this is closest as 25,000 Hz = 25 kHz) d. 15,000 Hz (1.5 kHz) 3. Waves transfer ________ from one location to another a. Matter b. Molecules c. Energy d. Heat 4. Which best describes sound waves? a. Series of compressions and rarefactions b. Audible to the human ear c. Movement of molecules and energy from one location to another d. Waves that are used to make images of anatomy 5. If the direction of particle motion in a wave is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave, the wave is a. Acoustic b. Transverse c. Mechanical d. Longitudinal e. Ultrasonic 6. Sound can be described as a. Physical principle of acoustics b. Cyclical oscillations within a set of variables c. Acoustic transfer d. Kinetic energy transfer 7. Which of the following terms does not belong with the others? a. Compression b. Region of high density c. Region of increased pressure d. Wider molecular spacing 8. Which of the following waves is infrasonic? a. 4 MHz b. 400 kHz c. 28 Hz d. 2 Hz 9. Which waves are audible? a. 4MHz b. 400 kHz c. 28Hz (audible range is 20 Hz to 20 kHz) d. 2Hz e. More than one 10. Wavelength is a measure of a. Distance b. Time c. Propagation speed d. Pulse duration 11. In order to be identified as ultrasound, the frequency of a wave must be greater than a. 2 Hz b. .02 Hz c. 20 Hz d. 20 kHz 12. Which of these waves is most useful in diagnostic sonography? a. 400 MHz b. 4 MHz c. 2 kHz d. 200,000 Hz 13. The unit of measurement for wave frequency is a measurement of a. time b. distance c. number d. volume e. speed 14. The frequency of a transducer is 25,000,000 cycles per second. This can be written as a. 25 MHz b. 2,500 kHz c. 25 Hz d. 25,000 Hz 15. Frequency is a. inversely related to period b. the reciprocal of period c. the number of cycles per second d. all of the above 16. Which is a definition of period? a. The distance for one complete cycle to occur b. The time for one complete cycle to occur c. The time for one complete pulse to occur d. The time for U/S pulse to travel through the medium 17. Lower frequency waves create higher image quality and better detail.